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To do that sort of thing is foolish。 主语
动
词
不
定
式
I want to see you this evening.
宾语
All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语
We found a house to live in. 定语
She came here to study English.
I warned the patient not to eat
cold water after the operation.
状语
宾补
作主语
1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。
To master a foreign language is really
important nowadays.
2. 放弃吸烟是对的。
To give up smoking is right.
作宾语
1. Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。
Fred didn’t have any money, so he decided to look
for a job.
2. 他答应不告述任何人这事。
He promised not to tell anyone about it.
作表语
1. 我的工作是教英语。
My job is to teach English.
2. 眼见为实。
To see is to believe.
作定语
1. 你有什么要说的吗?
Do you have anything to say?
2. Betty是第一个知道这真相的人
Betty was the first to know the truth
作状语
He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be
heard.
目的状语.
They jumped with joy to hear the news.
原因状语.
I’m too tired to walk any further tonight.
结果状语
作宾补
1. 她叫我呆在这儿。
She asked me to stay there.
2.请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们。
Please allow me to introduce Mr. White
to you.
注意
A.有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel
（一感）hear,listen to（二听）make,
have, let（三让） see, watch, notice,
observe（四看）.
I heard them sing a pop song .
The teacher made me answer the question.
We watched them play football .
注意
B. 动词不定式的否定式只须在to
前加
not.
My father decided not to take up the job.
The teacher told us not to be late again.
注意
C. 带疑问词的动词不定式在to
前加疑问词。
Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the
computer.
Can you tell me where to get the book?
注意
D. 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，
动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词，
只保留to 。
A:Would you like to come to my party?
B: Yes , I’d love to ( come to your party).
Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。
Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked
her not to ( use my bike).
动词不定式的时态
㈠. 一般式( to do ).
不定式的一般式所
表示的动作（状态）
发生谓语动作之后，
或同时（或几乎同
时）发生。
1. I opened the door to enter the room.
2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting
to be held tomorrow.
动词不定式的时态
㈡.进行式( to be doing)
如果谓语动作（情况）
发生时，不定式所表
示的动作正在进行。
1. I am very glad to be working with you.
2. He is said to be coming.
动词不定式的时态
㈢.完成式（to have done)
表示不定式的
动作发生在谓
语动作之前。
1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
2. You seemed to have read the novel written by
Mr. Smith.
动词不定式的语态
㈠.主动式( to do / to be doing /to have done)
当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的
动作的执行者时.
1. We want to learn English well.
2.Robert is said____abroad, but I didn’t know
what country he studied in.(NMET99)
A. to have studied
B.to study
C. made
D. to make
动词不定式的语态
㈡.被动式( to be done / to have been done)
当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示
的动作的承受者时.
1. He didn’t like to be laughed at.
2. He claimed ____in the supper market when he
was doing shopping yesterday.（上海98）
A. being badly treated
C. to be treated badly
B.treating badly
D. to have been badly treated.
高考题汇集：
1. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier
________ it more difficult. (MET99)
A. not make
B. not to make
C. not making
D. do not make
2. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what
______ in my new job. (NMET2000)
A. expected
B. to expect
C. to be expecting
D. expects
3. Charles Babbage is generally considered
_____the first computer. (MET1998)
A. to invent
C. to have invented
B. inventing
C. having invented
4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was
_______ to carry all the way home. (MET2003)
A. much too heavy
B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much
D. too heavy much
5. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle
in the street, but his mother told him
______. (NMET95)
A. not to
B. not to do C. not do it
D. do not to
6. Little Jim should love _____ to the
theatre this evening. (MET 97)
A.to be taken
B. to take
B. C. being taken
D. taking
7.There are five pairs ___,but I’m at a loss
which to buy.(1999上海高考)
A. to be chosen B. to choose from
C. to choose
D. for choosing
8. ________late in the afternoon, Bob turned off
the alarm. (2001年北京春季高考)
A. To sleep
C. Sleep
B. Sleeping
D. Having sleep
9. With a lot of difficult problems ________,the
newly-elected president is having a hard time.
(2002年上海春季高考)
A. settled
B. settling
C.to settle
D. being settled
10. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that
each of us has a role_____in making the earth a
better place to live. (2003上海春季高考)
A.to have played
C. to be played
B. to play
D. to be playing
11. In order to gain a bigger share in the
international market, many state run companies are
trying ______their products more competitive.
( 2002上海春季高考)
A.to make
B. making
C. to have made
D.having made
12. The teacher asked us_______so
much noise. (2003北京春季高考)
A.don't make
B. not make
C. not making
D. not to make