Transcript EERE Programs Briefing - National Association for State

2010 Orientation for State WAP Directors and Staff
History of WAP, Philosophy,
and Program Management Overview
Jean Diggs, Michael
Peterson, Eric Bell, Greg
Reamy, and Holly Ravesloot
1 | Weatherization Assistance Program
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What is Weatherization?
 Nation’s core program for delivering energy efficiency services to
low-income homes
 Operates in every state, District of Columbia, among Native
American tribes, and U.S. Territories
 Services delivered to single-family, multi-family, and mobile homes
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Program Mission
“To reduce energy costs for low-income families, particularly
for the elderly, people with disabilities, and children, while
ensuring their health and safety.”
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The Team Approach
50 State Energy Offices,
Department of Energy
The District of Columbia,
Headquarters and
Native American
Project Management Center
Tribal Organizations,
and U.S. Territories
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Over 900 Local
Agencies
Low-income
Americans
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Frequently Used Terms
 Grantee: State, U.S. Territory, or Certain Native America Tribes
 Subgrantee: Community Action Agency, Community Action
Partnership, Local Action Agency, or Local Unit of Government
 T&TA: Training and Technical Assistance
 HQ’s T&TA & State T&TA
 Appendix A
 Program Year/Fiscal Year
 440.3 Definitions
 ARRA or Recovery Act Funds
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Frequently Used Acronyms
 DOE HQ – U.S. Department of Energy, Headquarters
 PMC GFO/NETL – Project Management Center Golden Field
Office/National Energy Technology Laboratory
 ARRA or “Recovery Act” Funds – The American Recovery &
Reinvestment Act of 2009
 Program Regulations/Rules/Guidance
 OMB – Office of Management & Budget
 IG – Inspector General
 HHS – U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
 LIHEAP – Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program
 HUD – U.S. Department of Housing & Urban Development
 DOL – U.S. Department of Labor
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Statutory Purpose
 Increase energy efficiency of dwelling units owned or occupied by
low-income persons
 Reduce total residential energy expenditures
 Improve the health and safety of low-income persons, especially the
elderly, persons with disabilities, and families with children
 10CFR 440, 10CFR 600, DOE Program Notices, other policy
documents
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The Need For Services
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38 million American families are eligible for assistance
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Approximately 15 million “good candidate” homes need
weatherization
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Through 2008 approximately 20% had received weatherization
services
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Characteristics of Households
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Over 90% have annual incomes less than $15,000. Of these,
two-thirds have less than $8,000
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More than 13% have annual incomes less than $2,000 per year
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17% of annual income is spent on energy vs. 4% by other
households
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The average energy expenditure is $1,871 per year (2008)
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40% occupied by an elderly person with special needs or a
person with disabilities
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WAP History
 First Generation (1975 to 1979)
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Response to oil embargo in early 1970’s
Started in Maine
Originally administered by CSA
Used volunteer labor
Installed only low-cost measures
Little or no reporting and accountability
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WAP History (cont.)
 Second Generation (1979 to 1986)
– Used volunteer labor under CETA
– Installed temporary measures (plastic storm windows, caulk,
door stripping, attic insulation)
– Little or no diagnostics
– Project Retro-tech as audit tool
– Addressed building envelope with heating priority
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WAP History (cont.)
 Third Generation (1987 to 1996)
– Used professional labor
– Addressed both building envelope and mechanical heating
systems
– Some diagnostics used
– Computerization of audits and other operations
– State and national evaluations
– Structured training and technical assistance
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WAP History (cont.)
 Fourth Generation (1996 to present)
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Highly trained crews
Permanent, cost effective measures (audit test)
Rental and health and safety plans
Advanced diagnostic tools in use
Addresses all climates – cooling and heating
Leverage activities at several levels
Coordination with housing programs
Comprehensive national evaluation
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Where Does the Money Come From?

Congressional Appropriations (Energy and Water
Appropriations Subcommittees in the House and Senate)
 2009 Allocation & Supplemental - $450 Million
 2009 Stimulus - $5 Billion
 2010 Allocation - $200 Million

States Transfer Funds from Low-Income Home Energy
Assistance Program
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Other Sources like Utilities, Landlords, State Appropriations,
and Private Grants
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Allocation Formula to States
 Low-Income Population
 Climatic Conditions
 Residential Energy Expenditures by Low-Income
Households in each State
 Revised Formula Impacts States at $233+M
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Defining Eligibility
 Program Eligibility: 200% of poverty, or if the State elects, they may
use the LIHEAP criteria or 60% of State median income.
 Defining Income: Issued annually by DOE. Consist of Poverty
Income Guidelines (PIGS) plus a definition of income
(inclusion/exclusion)
 HUD/DOE MOU on Public-Assisted Housing eligibility
determinations – Final Rule Issued January 25, 2010
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Determining Priority Service
 Elderly
 Persons with disabilities
 Families with children
 Households with high energy burden
 Households with high residential energy use
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What Does the Grantee Do with the
Money?
 Prepare State Plan in Compliance with 10CFR 440, 10CFR 600,
DOE Program Notices, and other State and DOE policy documents
 Solicit Input and Comments from Network
 Conduct Public Hearing on Plan Contents
 Submit State Plan and additional information to DOE based on
Funding Opportunity Announcement Requirements
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What’s in the State Plan?
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Allocation of Funds to Local Agencies
Number of homes to be weatherized
Audit Techniques and Quality Control Inspection Process
Array of Allowable Services
Health and Safety Plan
Training and Technical Assistance Plan
Known Major Purchases of Vehicles and Equipment
Monitoring and Evaluation of Local Agencies
Other Rules for Operation
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Leveraging
 States MAY use part of DOE grant to leverage
 State must develop a plan
 Goal is a “dollar for dollar” return or better
 States may use up to 15% of DOE grant
 The larger the portion, the more detail required
 Reviewed on case-by-case basis
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Policy Advisory Council
 10CFR Part 440.17
 State may use “council or commission”
 Must be addressed at hearing on annual plan
 PAC’s have “preference” over state councils or commissions
 Can be a valuable asset in contributing to and reviewing
state plan
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Administrative Costs
 Limited to 10% (440.18(d))
 5% for the State
 At least 5% to local agencies
 Local agencies with grants at or below $350K (new DOE
funds only) may receive up to an additional 5% with State
approval
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Re-Weatherization
 10CFR Part 440.18(d)(e)(2)
 Date moved from 1985 to 1994 (PY)
 Homes weatherized prior to 1994 did not use advanced audits
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Rental Properties
 Annual State Plan requires rental plan
 Multi-family buildings require 66% eligibility to qualify entire
structure
 Certain large multi-family buildings can reduce eligibility from
66% to 50%
 Must be: large, leveraged resources, have significant energy
saving potential
 DOE encourages discussion of the rental plan as a part of
public hearing
 HUD/DOE MOU – Public Law January 25, 2010
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Disaster Relief
 DOE Weatherization can be a player
 State lead agency on disaster relief should develop plan
 DOE role must be limited
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Energy Crisis Relief
 States may now use DOE funds
 States need to ensure only weatherization-eligible homes
are served in crisis
 DOE will waive certain eligibility criteria
 Those served in crisis must be added to list of those to
receive regular weatherization
 States need to include/amend State plan
 Public hearing required
 Four basic triggers determines a crisis
 No per unit cost restriction by DOE
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ARRA Impact on Weatherization
 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
 Allocated $5 billion
 Raised the income eligibility level from 150% to 200% of the
federally established poverty level
 Raised the assistance level per dwelling unit from $2,500 to
$6,500
 Moved the reweatherization date from September 30, 1993 to
September 30, 1994
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ARRA Impact on Weatherization
 Increased Training and Technical from 10% to up to 20% maximum
 Hundreds of thousands of additional homes projected to be
weatherized annually
 Increased number of eligible homes by raising income level to 200%
 Expected level of production for the three-year period for ARRA
funding is approximately 600,000 units
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Davis-Bacon & ARRA
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DOE to delegate primary compliance to the States
All grants must have labor standards language
State and local units of government staff are exempt
BUT not their contractors
Applies to local agency direct hires and contractors
Revised Wage Determinations
Commercial Rates
Grant period – 1, 2, or 3 year
Alert service at www.wdpl.gov
Oversight & compliance
WPN 09-9, 10-4, 10-7
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How Does the Program Work?
 Customer applies for services
 Energy audit conducted; technicians identify energyrelated problems & Health & Safety issues
 List of cost-effective measures developed
 Energy efficiency measures installed
 Client education
 Post-work inspection
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Customer Application
 Must meet income eligibility guidelines
 May receive priority
 Elderly, disabled, family with children, household with high
energy burden or high energy usage
 Renters eligible, must get approval from property owner
 When demand is high, customer may be added to waiting list
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Client Education
 Client education is a critical
component
 Prolongs life of
measures/equipment
 Conducted before and after
measures are installed
 Instructions on equipment operation
and maintenance
 Tips on energy-saving activities
 Information on carbon monoxide
and other hazards
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Energy Audit
 Uses audit software, priority list, or other method to estimate
potential energy savings
 Diagnostic tools used to identify energy problems
 Identifies energy-related health and safety measures needed
(e.g., carbon monoxide)
 Ensures that all materials installed, except those to eliminate
health and safety hazards, pass a cost-effectiveness test
 Mandated by the DOE on each home
 States may develop their own audit or use the DOE approved
NEAT audit
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Types of WAP Services
 Energy audits
 Air infiltration reduction using
blower doors
 Attic and floor insulation
 Dense-pack wall insulation
 Duct sealing
 Domestic hot water system
improvements
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Furnace service
Furnace replacements
New refrigerators
Duct system balance and
sealing
 Energy efficient lighting
retrofits (CFL)
 Incidental repairs
 And more………..
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Heating System
 May need tune-up or basic
repairs
 Can replace hazardous or
inoperable furnaces
– Due to funding limitations,
leveraged resources often
used to replace heating
systems
– Un-vented space heaters
pose large health and
safety threat
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Cooling System
 Technicians can tune-up or
repair cooling systems
 Ducts may require sealing
and/or balancing
 May add fans, ventilation for
health and safety
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Air Sealing
 Blower door test quantifies air
leakage & identifies sites
 Panel with fan is placed in a
doorway to de-pressurize home
 Exaggerates leakage so it can be
measured and sealed
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Infrared Camera
 Illustrates heat loss
 Guides air sealing and insulation
 Helps to educate clients
 Quality control for insulation and
other measures
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Duct Sealing
 Duct system may need sealing and/or balancing
 Duct tape should NOT be used – Apply Mastic
 Ducts in unconditioned spaces should also be insulated
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Pressure Pan
 Leaky ducts can increase
costs by 10-30%
 While blower door runs,
pressure pan placed over
air register
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Manometer
 Manometer measures pressure
created by air leaking into
ductwork
 Results help locate large leaks
 Registers near leaks have
higher readings
 Duct blower can also be used for
more accurate readings and to
balance systems
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Insulation
 Blown insulation most effective
– Holes discreetly cut in walls or ceiling
– Insulation is blown into space through a tube
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Insulation
 Reduces air infiltration and heat loss
– Dense-pack insulation often installed before air sealing,
since it reduces leaks so effectively
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Electric Base Load Measures
 Converting incandescent lighting to fluorescent
 Replacing refrigerators
 Replacing or insulating water heaters
 Reducing hot water use
 Reducing appliance usage through client education
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Lighting
 Compact fluorescent lighting (CFL)
– Harps and other hardware
– Screw-in vs. pin base
 Hard-wired fixtures
– Savings may be more permanent
– Some state or local codes require
licensed electrician to wire fixtures
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Refrigerators
 Must meter at least 10% of units
replaced
 2-hour minimum metering
 Association of Home Appliance
Manufacturers (AHAM) or
alternative databases can provide
energy use of existing
refrigerators
 Units not in database that are
metered count toward 10%
requirement
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Water Heater
 Efficient water heater, low-flow shower
heads, and faucet aerators can cut use
dramatically
 WH tank and pipe insulation, low-flow
shower heads, and faucet aerators are
allowed as general heat waste
 Timers on water heater can also be
cost-effective
 Replacements allowable
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Health and Safety
 Primary goal of WAP is “energy efficiency”
 States may expend funds for the installation of materials to
abate energy-related health and safety hazards
 Separate line item and not part of the average cost per home
limitation
 First Rule – “Do no harm”
 Conduct weatherization in a lead-safe manner
 Check for carbon monoxide, gas leaks,
moisture/mold, electrical hazards
 Wear protective clothing, equipment
 Always ensure customer safety
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Lead Paint
 Workers must conduct activities in a safe manner – Lead-Safe
Weatherization (LSW) detailed in WPN 02-6, 08-6, and 09-6
 Workers must avoid contaminating homes with lead-based
paint dust and debris
 Workers must use materials, tools and equipment to avoid
exposing the customers, themselves, and their families to this
hazard
 Workers are to assume the presence of lead-based paint in
homes built before 1978
 WAP funds may not be used to abate, stabilize, or control the
lead hazard
 EPA’s Lead Renovation, Repair, and Painting Rule / Certified
Renovator (CFR 40, Part 745) is in FULL EFFECT April 22,
2010
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Mold and Moisture
 Workers must perform services to
avoid mold contamination
 WAP funds can not be used to remove
mold and other related biological
substances
 If necessary, services may be delayed
until the existing mold problem can be
eliminated
 Customer must be notified upon
discovery of mold condition
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Carbon Monoxide
 One of the most common health and safety concerns
 Caused by incomplete combustion in household appliances
 Gas appliances that exceed acceptable levels for CO must be
addressed
 All homes should have a carbon monoxide detector installed in
areas containing a gas appliance
 All customers should receive information about CO
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Walk Away Standards
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Many housing problems beyond the scope of WAP
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Walking away does not mean that assistance will never be available
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Work is postponed until the problems can be resolved
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Post-Work Inspection
 Every home must receive a quality control inspection for
workmanship and appropriateness
 Blower door tests are conducted to ensure proper air sealing
– Identifies any remaining air leaks
– Indicates need for ventilation
 Insulation and other measures checked for quality and
completeness
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Public Information
The Power of Telling Your Story
 We have a great story to tell to anyone and everyone who will listen
 Before ARRA, many policymakers may have never heard of the
WAP – now, they need to hear “the rest of the story”
 If they’re not aware of the work being done, they won’t fight to keep
the program intact
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Public Information
 Organize a Public Information
Campaign
 Reach out to policymakers and
the press
 Tell the story about high energy
prices and high energy burden
 Place success stories about
families and individuals
 Keep educating your partners
and potential partners
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Weatherization Day
 October 30th is Weatherization Day
– Many states celebrate
– Use outreach tools to get best coverage for least effort
 Policymakers respond to “Days”
– Allows them meaningful time with the community
– Allows them to get to the next issue
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WAP Results
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Average annual energy savings = $350 per home
Returns $1.67 in energy-related benefits per $1 invested
Returns $2.73 in non-energy benefits per $1 invested
Avoids 1.79 tons of carbon dioxide emissions for every home
weatherized
 Creates 52 jobs for every $1 million of funding
 Over 6.4 million households weatherized
 Average reduction in natural gas use – 32%
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Outcomes: Quality of Life
 Improves health and safety - reducing carbon monoxide
emissions and eliminating fire hazards
 Lessens the excessive financial burden of families most in
need – reducing the difficult choice between food and fuel
 Helps revitalize neighborhoods and communities across the
country
 Used as catalyst to attract investments from utilities, other
federal agencies, state governments, and private sources
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Weatherization Impact
 Reduces the export of local energy dollars and keeps more money
in the community
 Decreases electricity generation and resulting pollution; thus
improving local air quality reducing adverse health effects
 Avoids residential and power-plant emissions of carbon dioxide, a
leading greenhouse gas
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Personal Results
“…My children remember waking up cold. Today they are comfortable,
cozy, and warm…Thanks to the Weatherization Program you have
made a difference in our lives…you probably saved our lives.”
Recipient of Weatherization services in Pennsylvania
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Weatherization Works
For Families
For Communities
For the Nation
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Websites
 Weatherization Assistance Program Website:
https://www.eere.energy.gov/weatherization/
 PMC Website:
https://www.eere-pmc.energy.gov/
 WAPTAC Website:
http://www.waptac.org
 Weatherization Plus Website:
http://www.weatherizationplus.org
 Oak Ridge National Lab Website:
http://weatherization.ornl.gov
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