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Two-Particle Azimuthal Correlation of Identified Particle
in High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC-PHENIX
ShinIchi Esumi
for the PHENIX collaboration
Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba, Japan
Contents
•Jet-Suppression and Modification
•Mach-cone and Ridge
•Identified Particle Correlation
•Correlation w.r.t. Reaction Plane
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi
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Use Jet as a probe of High-Energy and Density Matter
Jet in p+p, d+Au or Peripheral Au+Au Collision as a Base Line
Subtraction of Non-Correlated BG in Central Heavy-Ion Collisions
p
dp++Au

SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
Au + Au

Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi
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Jet suppression modification
with 2-particle  correlation
jet
p
RHIC 200GeV
Au
p
RHIC 62GeV
Au
SPS 17GeV
PHENIX
nucl-ex/0611019
S.Kniege, ISMD 2007
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
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Transverse Momentum (Trigger, Associate) Dependence of Jet Shape
arXiv:0801.4545
Suppression in both near/away side peak at high pT
Enhancement in near side peak at low pT
Development of away side shoulder at low pT
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
No pT dependence of
shoulder peak position
Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi
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3-particle correlation “12 vs 13”
jet
*=0
d+Au
Collisions
p
p
q*=p
Deflected Jets
Au
Au
Cone like Jets
PHENIX Preliminary
(1-2)/2
PHENIX Preliminary
Au+Au
Central 0-12%
Both measurements prefer
Mach-cone scenario.
Cone angle (radians)
No pT dependence, too.
STAR Preliminary
STAR Preliminary
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
(1-2)/2
pT (GeV/c)
Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi
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d+Au, 200 GeV
Au+Au, 200 GeV
STAR QM06
“jet”
p+p, peripheral Au+Au
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
central Au+Au
PHENIX QM08
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Centrality Dependence of Ridge and Shoulder Yield and <pT>
QM08 PHENIX
Both ridge and shoulder yields increase linearly with Npart.
Similar (flat) centrality dependence on inverse slope parameter for both ridge and shoulder.
Jet (p+p) like pT shape is harder than ridge, ridge is harder than shoulder, shoulder is similar to inclusive.
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
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TInclusive ~
< TShoulder ~< TRidge < TJet
STAR Preliminary
QM06
inclusive
ridge
jet
QM08
Both ridge and shoulder <pT> are almost independent with centrality and trigger pT selections.
It’s just like a bulk matter… suspicious on BG(bulk) subtraction… but this is what we see…
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
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data - fit (except same-side peak)
QM08 STAR
83-94%
55-65%
46-55%
Large change
within ~10%
centrality
Shape changes little from
peripheral to the transition
0-5%
Smaller change from
transition to most central
Peak η Width
Peak φ Width
STAR Preliminary
200 GeV
62 GeV
STAR Preliminary
STAR Preliminary
binary scaling assumption
in Kharzeev and Nardi model
Extracted 2-D near-side Gaussian
parameters are shown. The strong 
width change vs centrality should
have a relation to the ridge
formation.
Peak Amplitude
longitudinal (density
correlation length
HIJING 1.382 default
200 GeV, quench off
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
Centrality
Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi
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Hadron trigger with identified
associate Baryon/Meson
arXiv:0712.3033
Near/Away-side B/M ratio increases in central
Away-side B/M ratios approach inclusive values
Incompatible with in-vacuum fragmentation
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
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Identified p0 trigger with associate hadron
QM08 PHENIX
7-9 (X) 1-2
0-20%
7-9 (X) 4-5
0-20%
PHENIX preliminary
7-9 (X) 4-5
60-90%
7-9 (X) 4-5
40-60%
7-9 (X) 4-5
20-40%
7-9 (X) 6-8
40-60%
Width does not change with centrality
similar to charged hadron triggered case.
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
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QM08 PHENIX
Direct  trigger with associate hadron
Per-Trigger Yield (A.U.)
1/Ntrig dN/d (A.U.)
p+p: Consistent with trigger photon
carrying the full jet energy, away side
jets are similar between p0 and  triggers.
Run 6 p+p @ 200 GeV
pT, photon GeV
Run 7 Au+Au @ 200 GeV, cent=0~20%, preliminary
0
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi
Need more studies and
statistics for Au+Au case.
Run 4/5 p+p/Au+Au @ 200 GeV
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Jet modification
and geometry
(and v2)
QM04: STAR
QM08: STAR, PHENIX
STAR
3<pTtrig<4GeV/c & 1.0<pTasso<1.5GeV/c 20-60%
Mach-cone shape depends on R.P. angle.
Mach-cone is a source of of v2
 = associate - trigger (rad)
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
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v2
0
Shoulder (cone)
Shoulder (cone)
Ridge
Ridge
0
v2
Jet
Head (p)
Au+Au, 200 GeV
Ridge/Cone and
geometry (v2)
“jet”
STAR
p
Ridge shape depends on R.P. angle.
Ridge is a source of of v2
Jet does not depends on it
Jet reduces v2
QM08 STAR
Ridge
3<pTtrig<4, 1.5<pTtrig<2.0 GeV/c
STAR Preliminary
Jet
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
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In order to study the jet modification (mach-cone, ridge)
and it’s relation with almond geometry in more detail…
y
(1)
y
associate particle direction at
same || w.r.t. red dashed line
but with different arrow length
-p0p
(4)
(3)
(2)
(3)
>0
<0
>0
x(R.P.)
(2)
<0
x(R.P.)
(2)
Trigger
particle
(4)
(1)
Trigger
particle
associate particle direction at
same || w.r.t. trigger particle
but with different arrow length
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
ASSO.-TRIG.
with and without R.P. aligned event mixing
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The PHENIX Collaboration
Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), Beijing, People's Republic of China
Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
Charles University, Ovocnytrh 5, Praha 1, 116 36, Prague, Czech Republic
Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2,
182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay,
F-91128, Palaiseau, France
Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3,
Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
IPN-Orsay, Universite Paris Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, BP1, F-91406, Orsay, France
SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes)
BP 20722 - 44307, Nantes, France
Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H - 1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
(MTA KFKI RMKI), H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo,
Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan
RIKEN, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho,
Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
KAERI, Cyclotron Application Laboratory, Seoul, South Korea
Kangnung National University, Kangnung 210-702, South Korea
Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
System Electronics Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics,
Protvino, 142281, Russia
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region, 188300, Russia
Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorob'evy Gory,
Moscow 119992, Russia
Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
14 Countries 69 Institutions
Summary and Conclusion
•2- and 3- particle correlation and transverse
momentum dependence of jet-modification tells us
that it is likely a mach-cone.
•Mach-cone and ridge are almost as soft as inclusive
particles.
•Identified particle (baryon, meson, p0, ) correlation
measurements in PHENIX
•Mach-cone and ridge w.r.t. reaction plane angle tells
us that this is a part of v2
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX 79699, U.S.
Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, U.S.
Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, U.S.
University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.
University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, U.S.
Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, NY 10533, U.S.
Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, U.S.
Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, U.S.
Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, U.S.
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.
Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, U.S.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, U.S.
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U.S.
University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.
Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-9337, U.S.
Muhlenberg College, Allentown, PA 18104-5586, U.S.
University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, U.S.
New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, U.S.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U.S.
RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, U.S.
Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, SUNY, NY 11794-3400, U.S.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794, U.S.
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, U.S.
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, U.S.
Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi
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Extra and Back-up Slides
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
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System Size and Beam Energy Dependence of Jet Shape
nucl-ex/0611019
No energy dependence (62 ~ 200GeV)
Rapid change between Npart = 0 ~ 100
Almost no change above Npart > 100
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
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Identified Baryon/Meson trigger
with associate hadron
PRC 71 051902
2.4<pTTrig<4 GeV/c 1.7< pTAsso<2.5 GeV/c
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
Enhanced near-side yield can not be
explained by soft process like thermal
recombination alone.
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ave (1)~(8)
(8)
(7)
(6)
(5)
R.P.
(4)
Pure Flow Simulation
with R.P. aligned
event mixing
without R.P. aligned event mixing
with trigger angle selection w.r.t. R.P.
with/without R.P. aligned event mixing
(3)
(2)
(1)
ave (1),(8)
ave (2),(7)
ave (3),(6)
ave (4),(5)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(7)
(3)
(6)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(7)
(3)
(6)
(4)
(5)
SQM08 Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008
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