Transcript Module 2 Objectives - Louisiana State University

UNIT 2:
INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM
COMMAND AND COMMAND
STAFF FUNCTIONS AND
APPLICATIONS
Slide 2-1
OBJECTIVES
The students will:
• Identify the responsibilities of the Incident
Commander (IC) and the Command Staff
Positions.
• Describe the logical expansion of the
Incident Command System (ICS) and the
interrelationship of the various elements
and functions.
• Understand the Rapid Intervention Crew
(RIC).
• Describe personnel accountability.
Slide 2-2
VIDEO
"In Command"
Slide 2-3
INCIDENT COMMANDER
Definition of Command function:
Responsibility for overall management
of the incident.
Slide 2-4
COMMAND
RESPONSIBILITIES
• Assess the situation
• Determine incident objectives and
strategies
• Establish immediate priorities
• Establish an Incident Command Post
(ICP)
• Establish an appropriate ICS
organization
Slide 2-5
COMMAND
RESPONSIBILITIES (cont'd)
• Ensure Planning Meetings are scheduled as
required
• Approve and authorize the Incident Action Plan
(IAP)
• Ensure that adequate safety measures are in
place
• Coordinate with key people and officials
• Approve requests for additional resources
• Keep Agency Administrator informed
Slide 2-6
COMMAND
RESPONSIBILITIES (cont'd)
• Approve use of trainees, volunteers, and
auxiliary personnel
• Authorize release of information to the
news media
• Ensure Incident Status Summary is
completed--ICS Form 209
• Order demobilization of the incident
Slide 2-7
INCIDENT COMMANDER
RESPONSIBILITIES
• Life safety
• Incident
stabilization
• Property
conservation
Slide 2-8
INCIDENT OBJECTIVES
• Statements of guidance and direction
for the selection of appropriate
strategy and tactical direction of
resources
• Must be achievable and measurable,
yet flexible for alternatives
Slide 2-9
INCIDENT OBJECTIVES
(cont'd)
Write as action statements:
• Remove or protect all civilians from harm
• Care for and transport any injured victims
• Protect exposed property
• Contain fire to area of origin and extinguish it
• Remove smoke and toxic gases from the
structure
Slide 2-10
STRATEGIES
Completion of strategies often requires several
tactics.
• Determine strategies and transform these into
tactics.
• Deployment of resources:
– Rescue.
– Exposures.
– Confinement.
– Extinguishment.
– Overhaul.
– Ventilation.
– Salvage.
Slide 2-11
STRATEGIES (cont'd)
• Definition: the overall plan that will
be used to control the incident.
• Strategies are broad in nature and
are achieved by the completion of
tactics.
Slide 2-12
TACTICS
• Definition: the specific operations
that must be accomplished to achieve
the strategies.
• Tactics must be both specific and
measurable.
Slide 2-13
EXPANDING INCIDENT
COMMAND SYSTEM
APPLICATION
Slide 2-14
Slide 2-15
CONDITIONS
Resources: Three engines, one truck, police
Staffing:
Average for companies
in your locale
Fire
Situation:
One room, well
involved
Life Hazard:
All apartment
units occupied
Slide 2-16
Objective
Remove
endangered
occupants
Control the fire
Remove smoke and
toxic gases
Provide traffic
control
Strategy
Tactics
Rescue
Conduct primary
search
Confine/Extinguish
Place hoselines
inside to control the
fire
Ventilate
Ventilate the
building
horizontally
Salvage
Deploy law
enforcement
Secure streets
Slide 2-17
ASSIGNMENT ANSWERS
IC
E-1 Officer
Fire attack
E-1
Search and
Rescue
E-2
Ventilation
T-1
Traffic Control
PD Cars 1, 2, 3
Slide 2-18
IC
E-1 Ofcr.
RIC
E-3
E-1
T-1
E-2
PD Cars 1, 2, 3
Fire
Attack
Vent
Search &
Rescue
Traffic
Control
Slide 2-19
TACTICS
MET?
Primary search completed:
E-2
Fire under control:
E-1
Ventilation established:
T-1
Traffic control:
PD Cars 1, 2, 3
Slide 2-20
What percentage of incidents
will this organizational
structure handle?
Slide 2-21
• This organizational structure
will handle 99.7 percent of all
incidents.
• The ICS organizational
structure should be based on the
needs of the incident.
Slide 2-22
WHEN IS STAGING NEEDED?
If additional resources are required,
consider where they should report
prior to assignment.
Slide 2-23
STAGING
• A location where resources report
until given an assignment.
• Resources in Staging are ready for
immediate assignment.
Slide 2-24
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
OF THE STAGING AREA
MANAGER
• Check-in resources
• Respond to requests for resources
• Keep IC or Operations informed of status
of resources in Staging
• Maintain status of resources in Staging
Slide 2-25
STAGING BENEFITS
• Firefighter safety
• Personnel accountability
• Prevents premature deployment of
companies
• Prevents freelancing
• Minimizes excessive communications
• Reinforces "unity of command" concept
Slide 2-26
STAGING BENEFITS (cont'd)
• Controls personnel who arrive in privately
owned vehicles (POV's)
• Provides immediately available resources
to meet changing conditions
• Buys IC time to deploy resources
• Facilitates formation of crews/Task
Forces/Strike Teams
• Provides resource status
Slide 2-27
Slide 2-28
CONDITIONS
Resources:
Staffing:
Fire Situation:
Life Hazard:
1st Alarm: Three engines; one truck; one chief
2nd Alarm: Four engines; one truck
Average for companies in your locale
Fire has extended into the second floor and
attic area.
All apartment units are occupied.
Slide 2-29
Objective
Strategy
Tactics
Remove
endangered
occupants
Rescue
Conduct primary
search and protect
stair shaft
Control the fire
Confine/Extinguish
Place hoselines inside
to control the fire
Ventilate
Ventilate the building
horizontally and
vertically
Remove smoke and
toxic gases
Throw salvage cover
Protect property
Provide traffic
control
Salvage
Deploy law
enforcement
Secure streets
Slide 2-30
SEND ALL ARRIVING UNITS TO STAGING
UNTIL ASSIGNED
Send all arriving units to Staging
until assigned.
IC
Chief 1
E-3
E-4
Staging
E-3 Ofcr.
T-2
E-5
E-6
OR
E-6
E-3
E-4
T-2
E-5
Search
& Rescue
Fire
Attack
Vent
Salvage
E-1
E-2
T-1
E-5
E-4
T-2
Assign some immediately
and send the rest to Staging.
Slide 2-31
IC
Chief 1
Staging
RIC
E-4
E-3
E-1
E-6
T-1
E-2
T-2
E-5
PD Cars 1, 2, 3
Search &
Rescue
Search &
Rescue
Vent
Fire
Attack
Fire
Attack
Salvage
Traffic
Control
What is wrong with this organization?
Slide 2-32
DIVISIONS AND GROUPS
Slide 2-33
THE TERMS DIVISION AND GROUP
ARE COMMON DESIGNATORS USED
BY THE NATION'S FIRE SERVICE
• Define tactical-level management positions.
• Used in ICS.
• Divisions represent geographic responsibilities,
such as Division C (rear of the facility).
• Groups represent a functional (job)
responsibility, such as Ventilation Group.
Slide 2-34
TERM "SECTOR" IS USED
BY THE FIREGROUND
COMMAND SYSTEM
• Generic term.
• Can be used for both geographic and
functional operations.
• National Fire Academy (NFA) uses
National Incident Management System
(NIMS)--only Divisions and Groups in
its courses.
Slide 2-35
IC
Chief 1
Staging
Search
&
Rescue
Search
&
Rescue
Fire
Attack
Fire
Attack
Vent
Salvage Traffic
Control
DIVISIONS AND GROUPS
Allow deployment of additional resources without
overextending the IC's span of control
Slide 2-36
DIVISIONS AND GROUPS
OPERATE AT THE SAME
LEVEL
Division
Group
Slide 2-37
IC
Division 1
Vent
Group
Slide 2-38
DIVISIONS
• Established to provide resources and
coordination for a specific geographical
area.
• Division Supervisor reports to a higher
authority.
• Responsible for all tactical activities in that
area.
• Rescue, exposure protection, confinement,
extinguishment, overhaul, ventilation, and
salvage.
Slide 2-39
GROUPS
• Established to provide resources and
coordination for a specific tactical
responsibility for the entire incident
• Reports to a higher level authority
• Must coordinate with the Division
Supervisor where Group actions may
have an effect
Slide 2-40
BENEFITS OF DIVISIONS
AND GROUPS
• Solving span-of-control problems
• Provides essential coordination
• Fixes personnel accountability
Slide 2-41
RESPONSIBILITIES OF DIVISION
AND GROUP SUPERVISORS
• Ensure firefighter safety
• Implement their portion of the IAP
• Keep next level of Command informed of their
status and location
• Coordinate activities
• Maintain an effective span-of-control
• Determine need for assistance
• Release unneeded resources to IC
Slide 2-42
INFORMATION NEEDED FROM
INICIDENT COMMANDER BY
DIVISION AND GROUP
SUPERVISORS
• Designation (Division Alpha, Ventilation
Group); use phonetic alphabet
• Assigned objectives
• Resources assigned
Slide 2-43
Slide 2-44
PROGRESS REPORTS
• Allow for effective decisionmaking.
• Assist in prioritizing the commitment of
resources.
• Allow for revision of the action plan.
• Progress Reports should detail
– Actions completed.
– Actions underway.
• Need to be given with greater frequency
in early stages of incident.
Slide 2-45
PROGRESS REPORTS
(cont'd)
• Be timely, complete, and concise
• Briefly detail where and what actions
have been completed
• Briefly detail where and what actions
are being undertaken
Slide 2-46
A VENT GROUP SUPERVISOR
ASSIGNED TO ACCOMPLISH
VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
VENTILATION MAY PROVIDE A
PROGRESS REPORT AS FOLLOWS:
"Vertical ventilation will be completed in about 5
minutes. Horizontal ventilation of the fire floor is
completed. Ventilation of the floor above is just
beginning."
Slide 2-47
TIMING OF PROGRESS
REPORTS
• Occur with greater frequency in early
stages of the incident.
• IC or Ops must request progress
reports on a periodic basis.
• Dispatch could give onscene time
marks every 10 minutes.
Slide 2-48
IC
Chief 1
Search &
Rescue
Group
E-1 Ofcr.
E-1
E-6
Vent
Group
T-1 Ofcr.
T-1
Staging
RIC
E-4 Ofcr.
E-3
Fire
Attack
Group
E-2 Ofcr.
E-2
T-2
Salvage
Group
E-5 Ofcr.
E-5
Traffic
Control
Group
PD Car 1
PD Car 2
PD Car 3
Slide 2-49
TACTICS
MET?
Primary search completed:
E-1, E-6
Fire under control:
E-2, T-2
Ventilation established:
T-1
Salvage operations completed:
E-5
Traffic control:
PD Cars 1, 2, 3
Slide 2-50
TACTICAL RESOURCES MAY BE
MANAGED IN VARIOUS WAYS FOR
SPECIFIC MISSIONS AND SPAN OF
CONTROL
•
•
•
•
Single resources
Task Forces
Strike Teams
Structural firefighting crew
Slide 2-51
AN EXAMPLE…
ABCD DESIGNATION SYSTEM
Division
C
Division
B
Structure
Division
D
Division
A
Slide 2-52
AN EXAMPLE…
EXPOSURE DESIGNATION SYSTEM
Exposure
C
Exposure
B
Structure
Exposure
D
Exposure
A
Slide 2-53
AN EXAMPLE…
MULTISTORY DESIGNATION
SYSTEM
Division 5
Division 4
Division 3
Division 2
Each floor is
a Division.
Slide 2-54
BRANCHES
• Used when number of
Divisions and Groups
create a span-of-control
problem
• Valuable when large
numbers of resources are
committed to varying
functional activities
– Fire incident with
emergency medical
services (EMS) problems
Slide 2-55
BRANCHES (cont'd)
Organizational level between
Divisions/Groups,
and IC, Operations, or Logistics
. . . managed by Branch Director.
Most commonly used in
Operations or Logistics
Section of organization
Slide 2-56
BRANCH RESPONSIBILITIES
• Implements the portion of the IAP
appropriate to the function
• Coordinates activities of subordinate
Units
• Determines if assigned objectives are
being met
• Requests additional resources
• Keeps immediate supervisor advised of
Branch status
Slide 2-57
Slide 2-58
CONDITIONS
Resources:
Staffing:
Ten engines, four trucks, seven ambulances,
two battalion chiefs, one EMS officer, four
staff officers
Average for companies
in your locale
Fire
Situation:
An explosion has occurred, causing
heavy involvement of the structure.
Life
Hazard:
50 employees on duty,
20 are known to have been injured.
Slide 2-59
Objective
Strategy
Tactics
Remove
endangered
occupants
Rescue
Conduct primary
search
Control the fire
Confine/Extinguish
Place hoselines inside
to control the fire
Ventilate
Ventilate horizontally
and vertically
Provide EMS
Triage, treatment,
transportation
Remove smoke
and toxic gases
Protect property
Provide traffic
control
Salvage
Secure streets
Throw salvage covers
Deploy law
enforcement
Slide 2-60
IC
Chief 1
Staging
RIC
E-7 Ofcr.
E-3
E-7
Suppression
Medical
Law
Branch
Branch
Branch
Chief 2
EMS Ofcr.
PD LT 124
Rescue
Vent
Division
Division
Triage
Treatment
Group
Group
A
C
Group
Group
Transportation
Group
T-1 Ofcr.
T-3 Ofcr.
E-1 Ofcr.
E-5 Ofcr.
Traffic
Security
Control
Group
Group
FF/EMT A-2
FF/EMT A-3
FF/EMT A-4
PD Car 101
PD Car 110
T-1
T-3
E-1
E-5
A-2
A-3
A-4
C-102
C-111
T-2
T-4
E-2
E-8
E-10
A-1
A-5
C-103
C-112
E-6
E-9
A-7
A-6
C-104
C-113
C-105
C-114
Slide 2-61
TACTICS
MET?
Primary search completed:
Fire under control:
T-1 & T-2
E-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Ventilation established:
T-3 & T-4
All patients treated
A-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and E-10
and transported:
Companies assigned to
Salvage covers placed:
Divisions 1 and 2
Traffic and security:
PD Units
Slide 2-62
COMMAND STAFF
POSITIONS
• Safety Officer
• Liaison Officer
• Public Information
Officer (PIO)
• Intelligence Officer
Slide 2-63
WHEN COMMAND STAFF
IS NEEDED
• At large-scale or
complex incidents
• If the IC cannot
effectively handle
these functions
Slide 2-64
SAFETY OFFICER
• Responsibilities
• Reason for
implementation
• Authority to
bypass chain of
command
• Requisite
background
Slide 2-65
LIAISON OFFICER
• Point of contact for assisting and
coordinating agencies
• Reason for implementation
• Benefits of coordination
Slide 2-66
LIAISON OFFICER (cont'd)
• Possible special demands
• Interacts with agency
representatives
• Liaison area
Slide 2-67
PUBLIC INFORMATION
OFFICER
• Responsible for
interface with the
press and other
agencies
• Reasons for
implementation
• Public information
area
Slide 2-68
PUBLIC INFORMATION
OFFICER (cont'd)
• Tours or photo opportunities
• Need for planning with the media
• PIO's role
Slide 2-69
INTELLIGENCE OFFICER
• Used by law enforcement on
incidents where there may be a
criminal case.
• This function also may be a Branch
in the Operations Section, a Unit in
Planning, or a separate Section.
Slide 2-70
Slide 2-71
IC
Chief 1
Staging
Safety
Officer
E-7 Ofcr.
Trng. Ofcr.
E-7
RIC
Liaison
Officer
E-3
Fire Prev. Ofcr.
PIO
Pub. Ed. Officer
Intelligence
Officer
PD Supervisor
Suppression
Branch
Medical
Branch
Law
Branch
Chief 2
EMS Ofcr.
PD LT 124
Rescue
Group
Vent
Group
Division
A
Division
C
Triage
Group
Treatment
Group
Transportation
Group
Traffic
Control Group
Security
Group
T-1 Ofcr.
T-3 Ofcr.
E-1 Ofcr.
E-5 Ofcr.
FF/EMT A-2
FF/EMT A-3
FF/EMT A-4
PD Car 101
PD Car 110
C-102
C-103
C-104
C-105
C-111
C-112
C-113
C-114
T-1
T-2
T-3
T-4
E-1
E-2
E-6
E-5
E-8
E-9
A-2
E-10
A-3
A-1
A-7
A-4
A-5
A-6
Slide 2-72
INCIDENT SCENE
ACCOUNTABILITY
• Personnel holding positions within
the Command organization are
responsible for the welfare and
accurate accountability of all
assigned personnel.
• System must be able to identify the
location of every firefighter within a
small geographic work area within
the hazard zone at any moment in
time.
Slide 2-73
RAPID INTERVENTION
CREW
Slide 2-74
NFPA 1500 REQUIRES SPECIFICALLY
DESIGNATED RESCUE CREWS AT
THE INCIDENT SCENE
• Firefighters are exposed to highest risk of injury
or death.
• One of the most effective mechanisms for reducing
risk is to have a crew ready.
• Not all risk can be eliminated from the
firefighter's environment, so we must make
provisions to assist members who find themselves
in trouble.
Slide 2-75
IDENTIFY THE RISK
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
SITUATION AND EVALUATE
SPECIFIC RISK FACTORS
Risk may be increased if the fire situation is in an
area where the ability of individuals to rescue
themselves is reduced by the distance they would
have to travel.
• In a large building
• In a basement or an upper floor
• In the hold of a ship
• In a highrise building
Slide 2-76
RISK IS INCREASED BY THE
NATURE OF THE TASK IN WHICH
THEY ARE INVOLVED
• Hazardous materials spill
• Below-ground rescue
Slide 2-77
COMPOSITION AND PLACEMENT
OF RAPID INTERVENTION CREWS
•
•
•
•
Agency-specific
Written procedures/guidelines
Consistency
Minimum of two members, fully equipped
with appropriate clothing, self-contained
breathing apparatus (SCBA), and
necessary tools
Slide 2-78
DEDICATED RAPID
INTERVENTION CREWS
In a hazardous materials operation,
the Entry Team Leader must ensure
that there is an RIC.
Slide 2-79
RAPID INTERVENTION
CREWS
It is paramount that whenever
personnel are operating in positions or
performing functions that subject
them to immediate danger, at least one
properly attired RIC is available to
provide assistance.
Slide 2-80
RAPID INTERVENTION
CREWS (cont'd)
Rapid intervention procedures should
not be confused with initial interior
structural firefighting operations
addressed in NFPA 1500.
Slide 2-81
EXAMPLE: A CHIEF OFFICER WITH
TWO ENGINES AND ONE TRUCK IS
OPERATING AT A STRUCTURE FIRE
INCIDENT. A PORTION OF THE
SECOND FLOOR COLLAPSES. THAT
INFORMATION IS TRANSMITTED TO
THE IC.
The RIC is directed to enter the structure
and quickly assess the structure's stability
and to recover the missing firefighter and
remove the member from danger.
Slide 2-82
SUMMARY
• The ICS is an emergency management
tool that can be used at every incident.
• There is no certain size ICS per square
foot of building or area of involvement.
• The only position that is always
implemented is the IC.
• In most emergency incidents, there is not
just one correct way to organize the
incident.
Slide 2-83
SUMMARY (cont'd)
• The ICS organization should fit the needs
of the incident.
• A successful IC understands the ICS and its
flexibility.
• Rigid interpretation and application of the
system will result in failure when
confronted with an unusual incident.
Slide 2-84
SUMMARY (cont’d)
• Effective use of the ICS requires
knowledge and understanding of its
components and how they are
applied.
• This knowledge and understanding
should be expanded constantly.
Slide 2-85