Transcript Chapter 11: Political Developments in the Early Republic

Chapter 11: Political Developments
in the Early Republic
Mr. Meza
8th Grade U.S. History
11.3 “Washington as President”
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New government lacked funds
The excise tax upsets farmers in Pennsylvania
The Whiskey Rebellion
The French Revolution
Washington’s farewell address points out two
threats
– Problems with countries
– Political disagrements
1. What three departments made up
President Washington’s cabinet?
• Department of State = handle relations with
other countries
• The Department of War = to defend the
nation
• The Treasury Department = oversee the
nation’s finances
2. What did Congress agree to do
in 1791, why?
• Placed an excise tax on whiskey and other
luxury goods (production or sale of a product)
• Because the new government lacked funds
3. What happened in western
Pennsylvania in 1794?
• The Whiskey Rebellion
• Tax rebels (“Whiskey Boys”) tarred and
feathered tax collectors
4. How did President Washington
react to the rebellion?
• Viewed the rebellion as a threat to the
authority of the Nat‘l government
• Led 13,000 troops to stop the rebellion
5. According to Washington, what
two threats faced the nation’s
future?
• Problems with other countries
• Fighting with parties could tear the country
apart
11.4 – “Alexander Hamilton and
the Federalist Party”
• Delegate from New York born in the West
Indies
• Limit the power of the common people
• “Best people” – educated, wealthy, publicspirited men
• Strong economy/national bank, 1791
• Loose construction – flexibility or broad
interpretation of the Constitution
• The French Revolution
6. Characteristics of the Federalist
Party..
• Favored strong central government
• National bank
• The “best people” rule – wealthy, educated
men
• Minimal power to common people
7. What did Hamilton believe
would make the U.S. great?
• A strong economy
• National bank
8. What is loose construction?
• To give Congress powers not specified in the
Constitution
• Allow Congress to create a national bank
9. What would a national bank
provide?
• Help collect taxes
• Print paper money
• Loans for businesspeople (factories and ships)
10. Why did Federalist favor a good
relationship with G.B.?
• G.B. was a powerful country the U.S. would
hope to become one day
• Powerful and respected
11.5 “Thomas Jefferson and the
Republican Party”
• Opposed federalist views on a national
government and supported a state
government
• Democracy (informed citizens make good
decisions)
• Strict construction – only powers specified in
the Constitution
• Economy based on agriculture
11. Characteristics of the
Republican Party..
• Believed in a small government with limited
powers
• Common people should have power
12. What is Strict Construction?
• Narrow interpretation of the Constitution
• Congress only had the powers specified in the
Constitution
13. What kind of government was
favored by Republicans?
• Believed state governments were closer to the
people and easy to control
• Limited powers
14. What were republican views on
the economy?
• Favored an economy based on agriculture
• National bank only loaned to businessmen not
farmers
Federalist vs. Republicans
Alexander Hamilton
Thomas Jefferson
(Federalist)
(Republican)
- Small government with
-Opposed giving power
limited powers
to the common people Americans
- Favored state
-”Best people” should
governments
run government
- Favored an economy
- Strong National
based on agriculture
government
- National bank, 1791
15. What were the Alien and
Sedition Acts?
• A set of laws aimed at non-citizens
• Republicans saw it as an attack to their party
and their freedom of speech and press
16.What is the state rights theory?
• Rights not specifically given to the federal
government remain with the state
• States could nullify laws = refused to recognize
federal laws
17. What is the twelfth
amendment?
• (1804) Calls for the Electoral College to cast
separate ballots for president and vicepresident
• Was added to avoid ties in a presidential
election
18. Why is the election of 1800
considered a peaceful revolution?
• Power passed from one party (Federalist) to
another (Republican) without violence