Transcript POETRY TERMS

Free Verse
 Poetry
that has no rules; seeks to
capture the rhythm of speech
Narrative
A
poem that tells a story
Lyric
 Musical
quality highly musical verse
that expresses feelings and
observations of a speaker
Ballad
 Ballad
Poems are poems that
tells a story similar to a folk tale
or legend and often has a
repeated refrain. A ballad is
often about love or adventure
and often sung. A ballad is a
story in poetic form.
Epic
A
long narrative poem about the
deeds of gods and heroes. Is
elevated in style and the poet begins
by announcing the subject and
asking the Muse (one of the 9
goddesses of the arts, lit., and
sciences) to help.
– Ex: “The Odyssey”
Sonnet
14 line lyric poem, written in iambic
pentameter
 abab, cdcd, efef, gg
 Shakespeare

Haiku
 Poem
containing three unrhymed
lines of 5,7,5 syllables.
 Japanese form using imagery to
convey a single vivid emotion
POETRY TERMS
SIMILE – a comparison of
two unlike things using
the words “like” or “as”
METAPHOR – a comparison
of two unlike things,
usually using the word
“is”
POETRY TERMS
PERSONIFICATION –
giving human qualities
to non-human things
POETRY TERMS
IMAGERY
– words used
to evoke the reader’s
senses: helps the
reader see, hear, touch,
smell, and taste what is
being described
POETRY TERMS
 HYPERBOLE
– a deliberate
exaggeration or overstatement
"I nearly died laughing."
 "He is as big as a house!"
 "I heard that a million times."
 "I will die if no one asks me to dance."
 "I'm so hungry I could eat a horse."
 "She has a brain the size of a pinhead."
 "I told you a million times not to
exaggerate."

Paradox
A
statement that seems
contradictory but actually may be
true. Because a paradox is
surprising, it catches the reader’s
attention.
 Ex: When we live no more, we live
forever.
Poetry Terms
 SYMBOLISM
– words or images
that stand or represent
something else
POETRY TERMS
ALLITERATION – repetition of
consonant sounds at the
beginning of words
ONOMATOPOEIA – use of
words that imitate the
sound they make
Sound Devices
 Assonance-
repetition of vowel
sounds followed by different
consonants in 2 or more stressed
syllables.
 Ex:
in “The Raven” “weak and
weary”
Sound Devices
 Consonance-
repetition of final
consonant sounds in stressed
syllables with different vowel sounds,
as in hat and sit.
POETRY TERMS
ALLUSION
– when a
poem makes reference
to a well-known person,
place, event or text.
Sound Devices
 Rhythm-
the pattern of beats, or
stresses, in spoken or written
language.
Rhythm
 The
pattern of beats, or stresses in
spoken or written language. Some
poems have a very specific pattern,
or meter, whereas prose and free
verse use the internal rhythms of
everyday speech.
POETRY TERMS
RHYME
– repetition of
sounds at the end of
words
RHYME SCHEME – a
regular pattern of
rhyming words in a
poem
Types of Rhyme
 End
Rhyme- occurs when the
rhyming words come at the end of
the lines
 Internal
Rhyme- occurs when the
rhyming words appear in the same
line
 “Once upon a midnight, dreary while
I pondered, weak and weary.”
Slant Rhyme/Near Rhyme
 Involves
the repetition of words that
sound alike but do not rhyme
EXACTLY.
 Ex: grove/love
 Meter-rhythmical
pattern;
determined by the stressed and
unstressed beats in each line
 Iamb-a foot with one unstressed
syllable followed by a stressed
syllable ex: a/gain
Feet/Meter
Broken up by syllables:
I/ wan/dered/ lone/ ly/ as/ a/ cloud
Broken up by feet:
That floats/ on high/ o’er vales/ and
hills.
Iambic Pentameter
 Shakespeare
pentameter.
5
wrote in iambic
iambs (unstressed/stressed
syllable) per line
 Stanza-
a formal division of lines in a
poem, considered a unit
 Couplet- a two-line stanza, usually
they have end rhyme
 Quatrain- 4 line stanza
 Fixed form- the poem has a set
pattern
 Connotation-
connotation of the word
is the set of ideas associated with it
in addition to its explicit meaning
 Denotation- dictionary meaning
 Assonance-repetition of vowel
sounds followed by different
consonant sounds in 2 or more
stressed syllables
Ex: weak and weary
ORIGINAL POEMS
 Write
an original poem with
the following rhyme scheme:
abab ccdd efef gghh
*Include the following:
-1 hyperbole
-1 simile
-1 metaphor
-4 pictures of images
created in your poem
POETRY TERMS
METONYMY
– a figure
of speech in which one
word is substituted for
another with which it is
closely associated
METONYMY
 EXAMPLES:
*Washington used to represent the
United States Government
*Skirts used to refer to women
*”the pen is mightier than the
sword” meaning writing is more
powerful than warfare
*”these lands belong to the
crown” ; crown = king/the land
ruled by the king
*”the sails crossed the ocean” ;
sails = ships
POETRY TERMS
SYNECDOCHE
–a
metaphor in which a
part is used to stand
for a whole (or the
whole is used to
designate the part)
SYNECDOCHE
 EXAMPLES:
*The U.S. won three gold medals
(U.S. = members of the US team)
*I got a new set of wheels (set of
wheels = a new car)
*Use your head (head = brain)
*Those are nice threads (threads =
clothes)
*All hands on deck (hands = men,
sailors)
POETRY TERMS
CONCEIT
– a metaphor
comparing two things
that are VERY different,
that is usually extended
throughout an entire
poem
CONCEIT
 EXAMPLES:
*“Shall I Compare Thee to a
Summer’s Day” – Shakespeare
*the moon is a football, kicked
around in the sky
*pigeons as businessmen
*leaves as disco dancers
*two souls are two bullets