Transcript Qualitative data analysis techniques for the sport and

Qualitative data analysis
techniques for the
sport and exercise sciences
Sport and Exercise Science
Year 2
What the assessment Criteria says
• For P5, learners should provide a description
of the main stages of qualitative data analysis.
• For P6, learners will need to describe two
contrasting quantitative data analysis
techniques; one being a parametric test and
the other being a non-parametric test.
• Where justification is required, learners will be
expected to explain why a particular research
design and technique is suitable for a particular
practical qualitative (M3) or quantitative (M4)
research-based example.
• Learners will be expected to have identified
specific areas or topics within the sport and
exercise sciences that they could research using a
qualitative perspective and areas they could
research using a quantitative perspective
Qualitative Data analysis Techniques
• Before you analyse your results you are going
to have to prepare the data so you can talk
about it.
• If you are going to use interviews and/or focus
groups then the recording will have to be
transcribed (written out) word for word (also
known as transcribing verbatim)
• Would you have to do this with questionaires?
Qualitative Data
• With this Data there is usually a large amount
of information and this information needs to
be reduced into manageable amounts so that
we can make sense of it and there are 3 main
stages that has to be done
• Data Reduction
• Displaying data
• Drawing conclusions and verifying data
Data Reduction
• Data reduction involves reducing large amounts
of data into manageable chunks. The most
common form of data analysis in the data
reduction stage is coding.
• Coding is part of your data analysis
• Coding is when you organise the raw data
(sentences which you have transcribed) into
categories
• Each category is given a heading and a rule for
inclusion
• (inclusion: what do you think I mean by this)
• Coding—using labels to classify and assign
meaning to pieces of information—helps you
to make sense of qualitative data, such as
responses to open-ended survey questions.
Codes answer the questions, “What do I see
going on here?” or “How do I categorize the
information?” Coding enables you to organize
large amounts of text and to discover patterns
that would be difficult to detect by reading
alone (http://www.utexas.edu)
Example
• Please click on the link
• http://www.utexas.edu/academic/ctl/assessm
ent/iar/programs/report/focus-QualCode.php
2:Displaying Data
• The way that you display it will affect the
argument or point you are trying to make.
• Qualitative data is usually displayed using
Venn, radial, network and cycle diagrams .
• These diagrams may show factors relating to a
core principle
Drawing conclusions and checking
Data
• The conclusions to your data must be valid
and reliable
• There are 2 mains ways to do this which are
• Triangulation of data &
• Member checking
Triangulation
• It is generally accepted in action research
“that researchers should not rely on any single
source of data, interview, observation, or
instrument” (Mills, 2003, p. 52)
• “In research terms, this desire to use multiple
sources of data is referred to as
triangulation.” ( Mills, 2003, p. 52)
Triangulation of Data
• What ways could triangulation of data be used
in sport and exercise science
• Aerobic fitness
• (V02 Max, bleep test, cooper test)
• Anxiety during a game
• Interview the participant, fill in a
questionnaire, interview their coach
Member checking
• This is simply checking with the participants
after the results have been analysed.
• You are checking that what you have analysed
is correct and that the persons who you asked
for their opinions is agreeing with what you
concluded (making sure that they are not
misrepresented) used with what type of
Research?
• Qualitative Research
References
• Mills, G. E. (2003), Action Research: A Guide
for the Teacher Researcher, 2nd Edition,
Merrill/Prentice-Hall: Upper saddle River, NJ