Transcript Slide 1

Engineering
Disciplines
Dr. Chuck Lockert
Gwinnett School of
Mathematics, Science
and Technology
Are you a Scientist or Engineer?
One brother always liked taking things apart. He
wanted to understand what made them work.
The other brother liked putting them back
together. He wanted to see if he could make
them work better. The first brother is an example
of a true scientist - engaged in basic research
about what makes things tick. The second
brother exemplifies the engineer. His tinkering is
aimed at finding better ways to do things. Both
science and engineering are important. Which
are you?
Engineering Disciplines
Colleges Awarding
Degrees in Discipline
Computer*
217
Largest Number of
Total Degrees Awarded in
Degrees in Any College in
Discipline in US
Discipline
13,723
388
* Includes computer eng., computer sci., software eng., etc
Mechanical
262
13,343
252
Electrical
279
13,031
298
Civil
219
8,185
186
Chemical
158
5,657
133
Industrial
108
3,252
312
Biomed & Bioeng
72
1,679
112
Materials Sci & Eng
64
803
32
Aerospace
61
773
145
Systems
17
659
118
Environmental
58
461
34
Eng Management
21
459
199
Marine
18
395
27
Miningb
24
305
50
Petroleum
18
259
39
Manufacturing
25
163
20
Nuclear
19
144
28
The Engineering Disciplines
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Aerospace
Agricultural
Architectural
Biomedical
Chemical
Civil
Computer
Electrical
Environmental
The Engineering Disciplines
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Industrial
Marine and Ocean
Materials
Mechanical
Mining
Nuclear
Petroleum
Aerospace Engineer
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Aerospace is the discipline whose major interest is to
study the flight of all kinds of vehicles operating under
different speeds and altitudes.
It encompasses all the phases of research, design,
and development of commercial or military aircraft.
Aerospace Engineer Career Video
International
Space
Station
Aerospace Engineer
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There are four areas of specialty:
aerodynamics, structural design, propulsion
systems, and guidance and control.
Earnings: $48,000 - $100,000 +
Top Schools:
Embry Riddle Aeronautical
United States Air Force Academy
MIT
University of Illinois
Georgia Tech
Agricultural Engineer
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Covers both engineering technology
and the biology them
Agricultural Engineers (video) use
their knowledge of engineering and
biology to help farmers and others
working in the area of agriculture
and natural resources
They may be involved in everything
from the design of agricultural
buildings to harvest equipment
Agricultural Engineer
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Implementing techniques for conserving
soil, water, or energy.
Their work has a significant influence on
the health and safety of our food and
environment
Develop ways to use soil, water, and
other resources efficiently and without
degradation
Architectural Engineer
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Architectural engineers are mostly concerned
with the structural integrity and safety of building
as well as the aesthetics of the buildings.
They facilitate the coordination between the
architect and the civil engineer.
The oldest engineering activities were primary
concerned with the building of temples pyramids
and houses.
Architectural Engineer
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Major specializations
– Architecture
– Structural engineering
– Construction engineering
– Construction
management
Architectural engineering is
the engineering discipline
for the analysis, design, and
construction of building
systems.
Biomedical Engineer
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Biomedical engineering involves biology
and analyzing medicine to improve overall
health.
In this area there are many specialty areas
such as bioinstrumentation, biomaterials,
biomechanics, genetic engineering, clinical
engineering, orthopedic engineering,
medical imaging, rehabilitation, and system
physiology.
Biomedical Engineer
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Most biomedical engineers work in
universities, hospitals, industry, and
research facility.
The future of biomedical engineering is
looking really good because they say
that the demand for jobs will increase by
about 30 percent.
Biomedical Engineer
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Some interesting facts about
biomedical engineering are:
– They play an important role in
human genome, robotics,
tissue engineering, and
nanotechnology.
– Biomedical engineering has
the highest percent of female
workers in all engineering
specialties.
Biomedical Engineer
– Willem Kolff, a biomedical engineer
developed the first artificial heart and
the first kidney dialysis machine.
– Judith A. Resnick, an astronaut who
died in the Challenger in 1986, was a
biomedical engineering from 19741977.
Civil Engineer
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Civil Engineer is the name of the oldest
engineering branch, the term was first used in
the 19 century. Civil engineers work in areas
that routinely affect our daily lives like
planning, designing, constructing and
maintaining public structures.
Types of Civil Engineers (video):
– Structure engineers
– Transportation engineers
– Environmental engineers
– Geotechnical engineers
– Geodetic engineers
Civil Engineer
Chemical Engineer
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Chemical Engineers (video)
build a bridge between
science and manufacturing
Chemical engineers apply
principles of chemistry,
physics, mathematics,
mechanical and electrical
engineering.
They frequently specialize in
a particular chemical process
such as oxidation or
polymerization.
Chemical Engineer
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They must be aware of
all aspects of chemical
manufacturing and
how it affects the
environment, the
safety of workers, and
customers.
Computer Engineering
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The computer engineering
program is often part of the
electrical engineering or
computer science programs.
The computer engineer (video)
concentrates on hardware
design and computer
architecture.
Computer scientists concentrate
more on software optimization.
Electrical Engineer
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Electrical engineering
(sometimes referred to as
electronic engineering) deals
with the study and application
of electricity, electronics and
electromagnetism.
The field first became an
identifiable occupation in the
late nineteenth century with
the commercialization of the
electric telegraph and electrical
power supply.
Electrical Engineer
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From the Global Positioning System
to electric power generation, electrical
engineers are responsible for a wide
range of technologies. They design,
develop, test and supervise the
deployment of electrical systems and
electronic devices.
In the electrical engineering (video)
field it includes electronic and
computer engineers. They are
responsible for communications,
radars, radios, and telephones just to
name a few.
Environmental Engineer
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Environmental Engineers (video) protect
the environment while maintaining the
rapid pace of industrial activity.
This challenging task has three parts:
disposal, remediation, and prevention.
Industrial Engineer
• Industrial Engineer’s
(video) primary concern
is designing
manufacturing systems
effectively utilizing the
use of people,
materials, and energy.
Industrial Engineer
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Industrial engineers
are so concerned with
improvements that
they conduct studies
commonly known as
time and motion
studies to further
improve there
manufacturing system
Marine and Ocean Engineers
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Engineers concerned with
exploration of oceans,
transportation over water,
and utilizing the world’s
oceans.
Marine Engineers are
primarily concerned with
ship systems such as
propulsion, steering and
navigation
Marine and Ocean Engineers
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Ocean Engineers may
work offshore with
submersibles,
underwater pipelines,
and drilling platforms.
Shoreline construction
like docks, jetties, piers,
and shipping terminals
are designed and built
by ocean engineers.
Oceanography Isn’t Engineering
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Oceanography is the branch of physical
geography that studies the Earths oceans and
seas.
Oceanographers study a wide range of topics
such from plate tectonics to ocean currents to
marine organisms (Jacques Cousteau).
The study of our oceans is linked to understanding
global warming and biosphere concerns.
Materials Engineering
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Study the structure and composition
of materials on microscopic to
macroscopic scale.
They study material properties such
as strength, crack growth, hardness,
melting points, and durability.
Mechanical Engineer
• Mechanical Engineers
(video) deal with machines,
power production, and
manufacturing methods. The
two main categories are
mechanical systems and
thermal systems. In
mechanical systems the
engineer deals with
transportation and
production equipment.
Mechanical Engineer
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The second category
is in thermal systems.
Here mechanical
engineers work to
develop power
production systems.
Heating, ventilation,
and air-conditioning
would also be under
thermal systems.
Mining Engineer
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Mining Engineers maintain
the flow of raw materials by
discovering, removing, and
processing natural resources.
Nuclear Engineer
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Nuclear engineering deals
primarily with the use and
management of energy derived
from nuclear reactions.
Nuclear engineers are involved
with the development, design,
construction, and fuel
management of power reactors.
Nuclear Engineer
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Nuclear engineers spend a lot of time
conducting safety analysis due to the
potential hazards of nuclear energy.
Studies concentrate on reducing the risks
of nuclear reactor accidents and potential
associated damage.
Nuclear engineers often work for the
defense department. Specifically the
naval and nuclear weapons programs.
Other employers include electrical power
companies.
Nuclear Engineer
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Nuclear Engineering deals with
nuclear physics and the interactions
of radioactive isotopes and particles.
Applications: maintenance of nuclear
fission systems and components,
specifically, nuclear reactors, power
plants and/or nuclear weapons. The
field can also include the study of
medical applications of radiation,
nuclear safety, heat transport,
nuclear fuels technology, and nuclear
proliferation.
Nuclear Engineer
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The Future of Nuclear Engineering is bright.
The United States gets about 20% of its electricity
from nuclear power.
Nuclear engineers in this field generally work,
directly or indirectly, in the nuclear power industry
or for government labs.
Nuclear engineering provides many options in the
medical field.
Nuclear Engineer
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From X-Ray machines, to MRI, to PET
Nuclear Engineers are interested in the
development of more advanced ionizing
radiation measurements and detection
systems.
Petroleum Engineer
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Petroleum engineers search the world for
new oil and natural gas reservoirs.
Some petroleum engineers specialize in
a single part of the industry.
Petroleum engineers (video) usually work
for companies that specialize in oil or
natural gas refinement.
Petroleum Engineer
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To find new reservoirs, petroleum engineers
often work with geologists and other
specialists.
Engineers who work
on off-shore drilling rigs
are exposed to a certain
amount of dirt and noise
Petroleum Engineer
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Engineers work very long hours
especially when there is a deadline
approaching or on-site.
According to the Society of
Petroleum Engineers, the average
earnings for members in the U.S. is
$109,000 a year.
Few schools offer bachelor’s
programs in petroleum engineering.
If you are considering a career
in petroleum engineering, you
should enjoy math and science and
love solving problems.
Robotics / Mechatronics Eng
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The name Mechatronics stems
from Mechanical and Electronics,
and is a new approach to product
design and development,
merging the principles of
electrical, mechanical,
computer, and industrial
engineering.
Robotics Engineer
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Robotics engineers design robots,
maintain them, develop new
applications for them, and conduct
research to expand the potential of
robotics.
Robotics Engineer
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Visionary robotics
engineers can work
designing experimental
mobile robots, with
applications ranging
from medical and
military uses to designs
aimed at creating
vehicles capable of
piloting themselves on
other planets.
Engineering as a Profession
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It touches every aspect of our
lives
Demands care, perseverance
and reliability
Gets little recognition, because
the average person doesn’t
understand the importance of
the engineering profession
Mistakes can extract exorbitant
prices in both human life and
money
Engineering Profession
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Defining profession
– “a calling requiring specialized knowledge
and often long and intensive academic
preparation.”
Engineering Profession consists of knowledge
of:
– Mathematics
– Physics
– Chemistry
– Technology/Tools
– Ability to solve complex
problems
Engineering Profession
Engineers are “Doers”, they gain competence
through experience!
The essential characteristics of a successful
engineering student includes:
Enthusiasm- be eager to learn new concepts and
self motivated
Engineering Profession
Systematic - Attitude of being orderly
Tenacity- Engineers never give up! The
solution may not be apparent, but if there is
a problem…then there must be a solution!
Self Discipline - Know and follow your
priorities. Old Roman saying “He is a winner
who conquers himself”
Professional Registration
Engineers serve society,
therefore they go through a
certification process known as
Registration
This Registration process first
began in Wyoming in 1907
The purpose: to protect the public
from unqualified individuals who
claim to be Engineers
– Would you want to be treated
by an unlicensed Physician?
Four Stages of Registration
4 years of education and graduate from an
ABET accredited program
Pass the Fundamentals of Engineering
Examination
Obtain a minimum of 4 years post graduate
experience
Pass the Principles and Practice of
Engineering Examination in your specialty
area of engineering
Professional Responsibilities
Able to utilize the advances in Science and
Technology to create solutions that meet
the needs of society
Strong Desire to serve mankind by
creating devices that make life more
comfortable
Stay current with scientific technological
discoveries
Educate themselves by: taking courses,
attending professional conferences and
meetings, reading books, internet
workshops, and engineering journals
Ethics
Must be careful in reporting results so
NOT to mislead the public with facts
and data
Adhere to Codes and Ethics
Ethics
Quite often people say that a person is NOT
acting professionally. What this generally
means is that this individual has not
conformed to the ethical standards of the
profession.
Webster’s Definition of Ethics– The discipline
dealing with what is good and bad and with
moral duty and obligation: principle of
conduct governing an individual or group.
Because ethics requires the definition of an
accepted standard, ABET has put forth what
is termed the code of ethics for engineers
Codes - Fundamental Principles
Engineers uphold and advance the integrity,
honor, and dignity of the engineering
profession by
– Using their knowledge and skill for the
enhancement of human welfare
– Being honest and impartial, serving with
fidelity the public, their employers and
clients
– Striving to increase the competence and
prestige of the engineering profession
– Supporting the profession and technical
societies of their discipline
Codes – Fundamental Canons
Engineers shall hold paramount the
safety, health and welfare of the public in
the performance of their professional
duties
Engineers shall perform services only in
the areas of their competence
Engineers shall issue public statements
only in an objective and truthful manner
Engineers shall act in professional
matters for each employer or client as
faithful agents or trustees, and shall avoid
conflict of interest
Codes – Fundamental Canons
Engineers shall build their professional
reputation on the merit of their services
and shall not compete unfairly with others
Engineers shall act in such a manner as
to uphold and enhance the honor,
integrity and dignity of the profession
Engineers shall continue their
professional development throughout
their careers and shall provide
opportunities for professional
development of those engineers under
their supervision
Examples of Professional
Organizations for Engineers
ASME- American Society of Mechanical
Engineers
ASCE- American Society of Civil Engineers
IEEE- Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers, Inc.
The purpose of these professional societies is
to expedite the sharing of ideas among its
members
Review
Give an example of an Engineering
Discipline.
What is a professional engineer?
What are the characteristics of an
engineer?