Transcript Colour in Graphics and Visualisation

Colour in Graphics and
Visualisation
Using colour on VDU displays for
graphical presentations
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Colour in Graphics and
Visualisation
• Charts
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line-graphics
Emphasising graphics
“3D” representations
Bar-charts
Pie-charts
• Line and block drawings
• Visualisations
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Two-dimensional charts
• Neutral background is preferred:
– Lines will keep their colour
– Coloured background might confuse line
shapes
• Use neutrals (black or white) for axes
• Synchronise labelling and colour use
• Design colour scheme for importance
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A/ Be careful in
selecting colour;
B/ Using
secondary cues;
C/Application
depending colour
scheme
D/ Overlapping
fields
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Colour in Bar- and Pie Charts
• Do not overdo!
• Associate to subject matter
• Use neutral or pale background colours
• Use vivid colours only to emphasis
most important subjects
• Use labels for better understanding
• Get it right in black and white
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Example of bad choice of
colours
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Simple solution of coloured
bar-chart
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Separating data with colour
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Pie-charts
• Separate slices with colour
Item 6
22%
Item 1
11% Item 2
7%
Item 3
22%
Item5
29%
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Item 4
9%
Colour in line and block
drawigns
• Use colour sparingly where it has
specific function in relation to the data
• Use colour for
– separation
– identification
– emphasis
• Decide why to use colour
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Coloured block diagram:
Bad example
• Over-coloured
• Red power supply
over-emphasises
• Too thin lines
• Coloured
background - bad
readability
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Coloured block diagram:
Good example
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Visualisation
• Visualise: to call up a clear visual image
– Raw numeric data translated into a spatial
or spatio-temporal patter
– animation
– virtual “three-dimensional” images
• Visualise for
– exploring data
– communicate results
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Exploratory visualisation
• Try to understand the data by
visualisation
– Experiment with different colouring
schemes
– Be careful, do not let yourself misled by by
colour effect
• If used for video or animation check for
artefacts
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Colour scales for visualisation
• A sequence of data can be visualised by
a sequence of colours
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Rainbow
Colour bar set of computer
Saturation scale
Temperature scale
Hot/Cold scale
Geographic scale
Colour scales - 1
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Temperature and geogr. scales
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Temperature scale:
over-coloured slide
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Hot/Cold pseudo colour scale
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Maps and contoured data
• Use overall neutral background
• Use desaturated colours for specific
areas
• Try to relate colours to data (woods,
water, etc.)
• Saturated colours: only small items, for
emphasis (to find an item)
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Geographic coloration
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False coloration
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Map with information in 3rd dimension
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Pseudo-colouring in an
animated simulation
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3-D visualisation
Molecular structure
model with highlights
to emphasise spherical
shapes
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Designing a kitchen
Main points of
the design:
- Selecting items,
- layout,
- colouring from
a palette (size
effect!).
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Virtual Reality Displays
• Visual, auditory, etc. sensory inputs
• Helmet for stereoscopic images
– head motion detected
– stereo sound
– tactile gloves - clothing
• Simulated realities
– colours stronger in virtual reality presentation
then on monitor screen
• Imagined realities
– psychological impact!
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Virtual reality displays
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