TYPES OF INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA 1
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Transcript TYPES OF INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA 1
MEDIA OF PRESENTATION
Arlinah IR
[email protected]
Surabaya, October 21, 2002
CLASS ACTIVITY
Brainstorming
Lectures
Exercises
discussion
TYPES AND PURPOSES OF PRESENTATIONS
Promotional ( selling, marketing)
Informational ( training)
Down-line, up-line ( internal presentation )
TO PERSUADE
WHY USING MEDIA
43 % more likely to be persuaded ( UNIV OF MINNESOTA)
Learning is improved up to 200 % ( UNIV OF WISCONSIN)
Retention is improved up to 38 % ( HARVARD & COLUMBIA)
Time to explain complex subject is reduced by 25 – 40 % (
WHARTON SCHOOL OF BUSINESS)
More interesting
More persuasive
Better prepared
More professional
More credible
SOURCE: Peoples, David A. Presentations plus
EFFECTIVE MEDIA
Clarifying concepts or data
Highlights most significant point
Increasing audience retention
Focusing audience attention
Creating interest
Stimulating thoughts
Injecting humor
TYPES OF MEDIA 1
DISPLAY FORMATS :
AUDIO MEDIA
CASSETTES, CDS
NON-PROJECTED VISUALS
CHALK BOARDS, WHITEBOARDS, FLIPCHARTS
REALIA, STILL PICTURES, GRAPHIC MATERIALS, REAL OBJECTS
PROJECTED VISUALS
OVERHEAD PROJECTION, FILMSTRIPS, SLIDES
TYPES OF MEDIA 2
VIDEO AND FILMS
ELECTRONIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
RADIO, TELEVISION
COMPUTER-BASED MEDIA :
VIDEO, FILM, VCD, DVD
PRESENTATION TOOLS : POWER POINT
INTERNET-BASED : FRONTPAGE, DREAMWEAVER
CAD, CD-ROM
MULTIMEDIA KITS
SOUND-SLIDES, CD ROM
MEDIA & PRODUCTION PREPARATION
Real time
Display format
Audio media
Non-projected visual
Projected visual
Video & films
Electronic Distribution
Games & simulations
Computer-based
Multimedia kits
Simple prep.
Complicated
prep.
MEDIA & TYPE OF COMMUNICATION
One-way
Display format
Audio media
Non-projected visual
Projected visual
Video & films
Electronic Distribution
Games & simulations
Computer-based
Multimedia kits
Two-ways
( interactive)
CHARACTERISTICS OF DISPLAY FORMAT
Economical
Easy to prepare
Effective for small group
Lights on ( bright room)
Atmosphere of informality
Real time writing
Facilitating interactivity/user participation, spontaneity
Easy to change, add, keep current
Difficult to save
CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECTED
FORMATS ( ES. TRANSPARANCIES)
Relatively economical
Relatively easy to prepare
Group up to 300
Lights on
Atmosphere of informality
Real time writing
Facilitating
interactivity/user
participation
Easy to maintain, kept
current
Convenient for travel
Able to skip material
Handouts available
Easy to use
Need a projector
Keep facing the audience
Damaged easily
Professional looking ( if
done properly)
CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECTED
FORMATS - SLIDES
RELATIVELY EXPENSIVE
NEED SKILLS ON PHOTOGRAPHIES
LIGHTS OFF
FORMAL, IMPERSONAL
CAN NOT BE CHANGED/KEPT UPDATED
PICTURES NOT WORDS
CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECTED
FORMATS – FILMS, VIDEO, VCD, DVD
RELATIVELY EXPENSIVE
NEED SPECIFIC SKILLS TO PREPARE, TO
OPERATE THE EQUIPMENT AND USE
EFFECTIVELY
CAN NOT BE CHANGED/KEPT UPDATED
REAL WORLD
LARGE NUMBER OF AUDIENCE
CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTERBASED MEDIA FORMATS – POWER POINT
RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE
NEED SPECIFIC SKILLS TO PREPARE, TO OPERATE
THE COMPUTER AND USE EFFECTIVELY (
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL SKILLS)
CAN BE CHANGED/KEPT UPDATED
WORDS, PICTURES, ANIMATED, SOUNDS
EASY TO BE SAVED
CONVENIENT FOR TRAVEL
DISKETTES ARE EASILY DAMAGED
CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTERBASED MEDIA FORMATS – WEB-BASED
RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE
NEED SPECIFIC SKILLS TO PREPARE, TO OPERATE THE
COMPUTER AND USE EFFECTIVELY ( PROFESSIONAL AND
TECHNICAL SKILLS)
CAN BE CHANGED/KEPT UPDATED EASILY
MULTIMEDIA
CONVENIENT FOR TRAVEL
NEED INTERNET ACCESS
NON STRUCTURED PRESENTATION ( HYPERLINK)
NO LIMIT OF SPACE AND TIME
INTERACTIVE
GOOD PRESENTATION
simple, clear, short, right to the point
One key point per page
Not using complete sentence
Consistency
No full page of numbers
Using graphs, charts, pictures and cartoons
Using color ( at least 2 , no more than 3)
50-85 % effective for selling
55 – 78 % accelerate learning, retention, recall
73 % improves and increases comprehension
creative
SELECTING THE RIGHT MEDIA
Messages/subject-matter of the content
Objectives (introducing, motivating, training)
Audiences ( age, gender, occupation/profession,
educational level, learning style, skills, experiences,
needs)
Setting ( Group size , location, seating arrangement)
Mood/atmosphere ( informal, formal, intense etc.)
Resources ( equipments, facilities, costs)
Time constraint ( preparation, usage)
your skills, preferences, experiences
REFERENCES
Arredondo, Lani. Business Presentations. New York : McGrawHill, 1994
Arredondo, Lani. How To Present Like a Pro: Getting People To
See Things Your Way. New York : McGraw-Hill, 1991
Heinich, Robert. Instructional Media: and The New Technologies
of Instruction. New York: Macmillan, 1990
Heller, David & Dorothy Heller. Multimedia Business
Presentations. New York : McGraw-Hill, 1996
Peoples, David A. Presentations Plus. New York: John Wiley &
Sons, 1992
A good aid is like a window, it should not call attention
to itself, it should just let in the light.