Transcript TYPES OF INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA 1

MEDIA OF PRESENTATION
Arlinah IR
[email protected]
Surabaya, October 21, 2002
CLASS ACTIVITY




Brainstorming
Lectures
Exercises
discussion
TYPES AND PURPOSES OF PRESENTATIONS



Promotional ( selling, marketing)
Informational ( training)
Down-line, up-line ( internal presentation )
TO PERSUADE
WHY USING MEDIA




43 % more likely to be persuaded ( UNIV OF MINNESOTA)
Learning is improved up to 200 % ( UNIV OF WISCONSIN)
Retention is improved up to 38 % ( HARVARD & COLUMBIA)
Time to explain complex subject is reduced by 25 – 40 % (
WHARTON SCHOOL OF BUSINESS)





More interesting
More persuasive
Better prepared
More professional
More credible
SOURCE: Peoples, David A. Presentations plus
EFFECTIVE MEDIA







Clarifying concepts or data
Highlights most significant point
Increasing audience retention
Focusing audience attention
Creating interest
Stimulating thoughts
Injecting humor
TYPES OF MEDIA 1

DISPLAY FORMATS :


AUDIO MEDIA


CASSETTES, CDS
NON-PROJECTED VISUALS


CHALK BOARDS, WHITEBOARDS, FLIPCHARTS
REALIA, STILL PICTURES, GRAPHIC MATERIALS, REAL OBJECTS
PROJECTED VISUALS

OVERHEAD PROJECTION, FILMSTRIPS, SLIDES
TYPES OF MEDIA 2

VIDEO AND FILMS


ELECTRONIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS


RADIO, TELEVISION
COMPUTER-BASED MEDIA :




VIDEO, FILM, VCD, DVD
PRESENTATION TOOLS : POWER POINT
INTERNET-BASED : FRONTPAGE, DREAMWEAVER
CAD, CD-ROM
MULTIMEDIA KITS

SOUND-SLIDES, CD ROM
MEDIA & PRODUCTION PREPARATION
Real time
Display format
Audio media
Non-projected visual
Projected visual
Video & films
Electronic Distribution
Games & simulations
Computer-based
Multimedia kits
Simple prep.
Complicated
prep.
MEDIA & TYPE OF COMMUNICATION
One-way
Display format
Audio media
Non-projected visual
Projected visual
Video & films
Electronic Distribution
Games & simulations
Computer-based
Multimedia kits
Two-ways
( interactive)
CHARACTERISTICS OF DISPLAY FORMAT









Economical
Easy to prepare
Effective for small group
Lights on ( bright room)
Atmosphere of informality
Real time writing
Facilitating interactivity/user participation, spontaneity
Easy to change, add, keep current
Difficult to save
CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECTED
FORMATS ( ES. TRANSPARANCIES)







Relatively economical
Relatively easy to prepare
Group up to 300
Lights on
Atmosphere of informality
Real time writing
Facilitating
interactivity/user
participation









Easy to maintain, kept
current
Convenient for travel
Able to skip material
Handouts available
Easy to use
Need a projector
Keep facing the audience
Damaged easily
Professional looking ( if
done properly)
CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECTED
FORMATS - SLIDES






RELATIVELY EXPENSIVE
NEED SKILLS ON PHOTOGRAPHIES
LIGHTS OFF
FORMAL, IMPERSONAL
CAN NOT BE CHANGED/KEPT UPDATED
PICTURES NOT WORDS
CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECTED
FORMATS – FILMS, VIDEO, VCD, DVD





RELATIVELY EXPENSIVE
NEED SPECIFIC SKILLS TO PREPARE, TO
OPERATE THE EQUIPMENT AND USE
EFFECTIVELY
CAN NOT BE CHANGED/KEPT UPDATED
REAL WORLD
LARGE NUMBER OF AUDIENCE
CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTERBASED MEDIA FORMATS – POWER POINT







RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE
NEED SPECIFIC SKILLS TO PREPARE, TO OPERATE
THE COMPUTER AND USE EFFECTIVELY (
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL SKILLS)
CAN BE CHANGED/KEPT UPDATED
WORDS, PICTURES, ANIMATED, SOUNDS
EASY TO BE SAVED
CONVENIENT FOR TRAVEL
DISKETTES ARE EASILY DAMAGED
CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTERBASED MEDIA FORMATS – WEB-BASED









RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE
NEED SPECIFIC SKILLS TO PREPARE, TO OPERATE THE
COMPUTER AND USE EFFECTIVELY ( PROFESSIONAL AND
TECHNICAL SKILLS)
CAN BE CHANGED/KEPT UPDATED EASILY
MULTIMEDIA
CONVENIENT FOR TRAVEL
NEED INTERNET ACCESS
NON STRUCTURED PRESENTATION ( HYPERLINK)
NO LIMIT OF SPACE AND TIME
INTERACTIVE
GOOD PRESENTATION







simple, clear, short, right to the point
One key point per page
Not using complete sentence
Consistency
No full page of numbers
Using graphs, charts, pictures and cartoons
Using color ( at least 2 , no more than 3)




50-85 % effective for selling
55 – 78 % accelerate learning, retention, recall
73 % improves and increases comprehension
creative
SELECTING THE RIGHT MEDIA








Messages/subject-matter of the content
Objectives (introducing, motivating, training)
Audiences ( age, gender, occupation/profession,
educational level, learning style, skills, experiences,
needs)
Setting ( Group size , location, seating arrangement)
Mood/atmosphere ( informal, formal, intense etc.)
Resources ( equipments, facilities, costs)
Time constraint ( preparation, usage)
your skills, preferences, experiences
REFERENCES





Arredondo, Lani. Business Presentations. New York : McGrawHill, 1994
Arredondo, Lani. How To Present Like a Pro: Getting People To
See Things Your Way. New York : McGraw-Hill, 1991
Heinich, Robert. Instructional Media: and The New Technologies
of Instruction. New York: Macmillan, 1990
Heller, David & Dorothy Heller. Multimedia Business
Presentations. New York : McGraw-Hill, 1996
Peoples, David A. Presentations Plus. New York: John Wiley &
Sons, 1992
A good aid is like a window, it should not call attention
to itself, it should just let in the light.