Transcript Slide 1

Safe Movements:
Road Safety’s Growing Importance in
Sustainable Development
Ryan Duly
Road Safety Advisor
Global Road Safety Overview
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Global Road Safety Overview
1
2
Impacts of Road Crashes
Global Road Safety Overview
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Global RS Institutions
2
Impacts of Road Crashes
3
Global Road Safety Overview
1
Global RS Institutions
2
Impacts of Road Crashes
3
4
Future Directions in
Development Policy
Global Road Safety Overview
1
Safe Systems
Global RS Institutions
2
Impacts of Road Crashes
3
4
Future Directions in
Development Policy
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Global Road Safety Overview
Road safety is situated within the larger TRANSPORT DEBATES:
POSITIVES:
• Road transportation provides benefits to both nations and individuals by
facilitating the movement of goods & people, promoting trade
• Enables increased access to jobs, economic markets, education,
recreation and health care
NEGATIVES:
• Road transport places considerable burden on people’s health – RTIs
and respiratory illnesses
• Negative economic, social and environmental consequences - air
pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, limited oil and gas, noise pollution
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Global Road Safety Overview
• 1.27 million deaths a year – similar to number of
infectious diseases (malaria, Hepatitis, TB)
• 20-50 million non-fatal injuries globally – important
cause of disability
• 90% of road traffic fatalities are in low and middleincome countries (only 48% of world’s registered
vehicles)
• Global economic losses due to RTIs estimated at
USD 518 billion
• USD 65 billion lost in developing countries – more
than development assistance provided
The majority of road
traffic deaths occur
in low & middleincome countries
The majority of road traffic deaths occur
in low- and middle-income countries
By 2015, RTIs will be the
leading DALY among
children in developing
countries
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IMPACTS of ROAD
CRASHES
Impacts of Road Crashes
Public Health and Disability:
• Strain on health care services: financial resources, and demand
for doctors/nurses
• In Asia, RTIs are one of the top 5 causes of permanent disability in
children
• RTIs are leading cause of brain injury globally
• Post-traumatic stress disorder and anxiety, behavioural problems
observed in children following involvement in a road crash
• In Asia, 20%-60% of children who have lost parents or caregivers
are from road crashes
Impacts of Road Crashes
Poverty and Development
• Economic cost of road crashes is greater than the amount of
development assistance provided by donor countries
• Cost to families: driven into poverty by cost of medical care,
the loss of the family breadwinner, funeral costs, suffer negative
social, physical, psychological effects
• Bangladesh Survey: poor families more likely to suffer. 70%
reported that household income, food consumption, food
production decreased after a road death. 61% had to borrow
money as a result of the death
• http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/331/7519/710
Impacts of Road Crashes
2009 Survey on Cambodian peri-urban households
demonstrated negative effects of RTIs on families .
Findings included:
• 21% reduction in per capita income
• Poorest households and households with
serious injuries fared worse
Impacts of Road Crashes
2009 Survey on Cambodian peri-urban households
demonstrated negative effects of RTIs on families .
• Primary school dropouts were 8x the
provincial average
• Women bore burden of care – reducing
their time to make an income for household
Road Safety and Development
2009 Survey on Cambodian peri-urban households
demonstrated negative effects of RTIs on families .
• Higher infant mortality than provincial rates
• Some evidence that household health
deteriorated after the accident (maternal
health, child health)
Road Safety and Development
Global Road Safety is seriously under resourced - under
USD 10 million/ year invested in RS in low / middle
income countries
Commission for Global Road Safety. Make Roads Safe. 2009
Impacts of Road Crashes
Why are Road Traffic Injuries Ignored?
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They are individual events, not newsworthy
Road user is almost always seen at fault for being involved
Victim of fate or bad luck
Lack of information on true scale of disaster
When public is unaware of problem, willing to take more risks
Road crashes seen as unintended consequence of transport
system. Safety is not prioritized
• If road safety is not a high profile issue, less political will and
resources to deal with problem
• Often the poor who are most vulnerable – invisible group
Impacts of Road Crashes
Why are Road Traffic Injuries Ignored in Development
Policy?
• No sector owns the issue – cross-cutting (global and country
level)
• Low funding and small sub-components attached to road
infrastructure projects
• Few dedicated road safety professionals in multi-lateral
institutions (WB, UN, regional commissions)
• Overlooked in the Millennium Development Goals and other
important frameworks such as World Summit on Sustainable
Development (2002)
• High-income country aid agencies do not have road safety
programmes. Their expertise lies with Transport ministries, with
no funding for bilateral missions
• Little global advocacy for higher profile of issue amongst civil
society
“The human cost
of transport is not
paid by global
business but by
[Asians]”
Global RS
Institutions
Global RS Institutions
Key Milestones:
• 1998: IFRC World Disasters Report: “road crashes are a worsening global
disaster destroying lives and livelihoods, hampering development and leaving
millions in greater vulnerability”
• 2004: WHO/WB World Report on RTI Prevention : highlighted problem and
identified risk factors, offered comprehensive reccomendations to reduce
problem
• 2004 – 2009 UN Resolutions : Road safety linked to sustainable development
and established UNRSC, World Remembrance Day,
• 2009 - Global Status Report on Road Safety, UNICEF Child Injury Report:
Measured RS Progress worldwide, global attention on report, situation of
children
• Safe Systems Approach: Promoted by WHO (2004), OECD and International
Transport Forum (2008) - recommended that all countries adopt this system
Global RS Institutions
Global Road
Safety
Partnership
(GRSP)
Global Road
Safety Facility
(WB)
FIA
Foundation
(Make Roads
Safe)
UN Road
Safety
Collaboration
(WHO)
Global RS Institutions
Goals:
• Forging partnerships with govts, private sector,
NGOs, donors to collaborate on RS interventions in
developing and transition countries
• Building sustainable local partnership organisations
to work with government in delivering elements of a
national or local road safety plan.
• Sharing knowledge about good practice and lessons
learned from ongoing projects
Launched: 1999 by the World Bank, hosted by the IFRC
Members
• Private ( oil/gas companies, major car companies, others)
• IOs (IFRC, WHO, ADB, WB, UNESCAP, SIDA, DFID)
• NGOs/Institutions (ARRB, Fia Foundation, NHTSA, TRL)
• HIB (declined request to join membership)
HIB’s Strategic View: ???
Global Road
Safety
Partnership
(GRSP)
Global RS Institutions
Global RS Institutions
November 2005: WB announced
the creation of the GRSF – first ever worldwide
funding mechanism for RTI prevention
GRSF aims to increase funding and technical
assistance to enable low/middle income countries
to develop their own road safety action plans, and
to implement the recomms of the World Report,
funds RS research
The GRSF will manage funds arising from the
10 Year AP proposed by the FIA Foundation
(USD 300 million)
HIB’s Strategic View: ???
Global Road
Safety
Facility (WB)
Global RS Institutions
Global RS Institutions
Goal: To facilitate int’l cooperation / strengthen
coordination among UN agencies, other int’l partners to
implement UN Resolutions and recomms of World
report
Launched: 2004 – Chaired by WHO
UN Road
Safety
Collaboration
(WHO)
Funded by: World Bank’s Global Road Safety Facility, FIA
Foundation
Members (70+): UN orgs, NGOs, government agencies,
private sector, GRSP, FIA , HIB
Activities:
• Meet 2 times / year – exchange info and progress, plan for major events
• Development of GPMs (helmet, speeding, drink-driving etc..)
• Works with General Assembly to pass road safety resolutions
• Ministerial Meeting on road safety – Moscow 2009
HIB Strategic View: ???
Global RS Institutions
Goal:
• Promoting improvement in the safety of drivers, passengers,
pedestrians and other road users.
• Conducts research and educational activities
• Offering financial support to third party projects through
grants programme.
Launched: 2001
FIA
Foundation
(Make
Roads Safe)
Funded by: FIA (motorsports)
Members: 153 from motoring clubs, motorsports and
nonprofits
Activities:
• Established Commission for Global Road Safety (Make Roads Safe Campaign , UN
Ministerial Conference, Decade of Action)
• iRAP (USD 180m), World Bank’s GRSF
• Seatbelt manuals/ pedestrian safety and crossing/Promoting Helmets (AIPF)
HIB Strategic View: ???
Global RS Institutions
Make Roads Safe is an international campaign to put global road traffic injuries on the
G8 and UN sustainability agendas.
Objectives: Recognition by the G8 and international community that global road
traffic injuries represent an urgent public health emergency and a major
development challenge.
Global RS Institutions
Key Recommendations
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A $300 million, 10 year Action Plan to promote multisector national road safety in low and middle income
countries
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50% fatality reduction target
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Managed by the World Bank Global Road Safety Facility
(implemented by UNRSC members, GRSP, iRAP)
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10% of all road infrastructure projects committed to road
safety design, community wide initiatives;
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A Ministerial Conference on Global Road Safety held in
Moscow Nov 2009 under UN to review implementation of
the World Report recommendations;
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Activities of 10 Year Plan: Capacity-building, assessment
and research, institutional capacity, reducing risk factors,
post-crash interventions
Global Developments 2010 and beyond
• Bloomberg Foundation - 100 million + (10 countries)
• ADB-ASEAN – regional/national projects
• Private Sector – GRSI 2 (GRSP), UNRSC network
• Global Youth RS NGO
• AIPF – USD 35 million
Future Directions
in Development
Policy
Road Safety and Development
Road Safety is
an “enabler” in
achieving the
MDGs
Future Directions
UN Resolutions 2004-2009:
- Recognized need of UN to deal with road safety, links road safety with
sustainable development
- Encourages member countries to prioritize road safety as public health issue,
and use the WHO World Report 2004 as the basis for policy and implementation
(risk-factors: speeding, drink-driving, helmet-wearing, infrastructure, seatbelts)
- Stresses need to focus on vulnerable road users – improvements in public
transport, pedestrian and cyclist facilities
- Confirms WHO as coordinator of RS issues within UN
- Highlights importance of Regional Commissions (UNESCAP) to advocate
member countries to focus on road safety (ie. Established expert meetings on RS
in Asia)
- Highlights importance of multi-sector and multi-stakeholder involvement and
collaboration
Future Directions
World Bank 2006: Social Analysis in Transport Projects
Objective: To include social development into road projects, and to reduce risks
associated with building new roads
Road Safety:
• Recognition that there are other road users beyond motorized transport
(pedestrians, non-motorized transport, street vendors)
• Reduces impact of road projects for poor and vulnerable users
• Take into account the traffic mix of developing countries
• Social Assessment conducted before, mid-point, and after road project (Do risks
exist from increased road safety problems as a result of improved roads?)
Future Directions
World Bank Transport Business Strategy 2008-2012: Safe,
Clean, and Affordable… Transport for Development:
Strategy: Making Transport Safer and Cleaner - more support to reduce health
problems such as RTAs
“Safety can be made integral to the design and management of the road transport
system, just as it is in the management of other transport modes, aviation in
particular”
- Legislation and institutions (infrastructure design, vehicle standards, driver
requirements)
- Safety practices (enforcement, driver training, vehicle inspections)
- Results focused ( targets, data-driven strategies, accountability)
• Road Safety components within infrastructure projects
• Stand-alone projects
• Cross-sector approaches (road safety components in health programs)
• Harmonized / Coordinated with other banks such as Asia/Africa Dev Banks)
Future Directions
UN Convention on the Rights of the People’s with
Disabilities
HIB’s vision of “a world in which all forms of disabilities can be prevented, cared for or
integrated, and in which the rights of people with disabilities are respected and applied”.
Preventative activities within the road safety programme help to fulfill HIB’s mission, which
is “to help people with disabilities to regain their independence, dignity and rights”
HIB’s road safety intervention is committed to align with the Convention on the Rights of
Persons with Disabilities. Related articles in the Convention include:
Article 9: Accessibility – to transport and to physical environment
Article 20: Personal Mobility – facilitating mobility in manner and
time of their choice at affordable costs (public transp, driving
licenses)
Future Directions
Development for All: Towards a Disability-Inclusive
Australian Aid Programme 2009-2014
• First Australian strategy to guide Australia’s overseas aid programme towards
development that includes, and deliberately focuses on, people’s with disabilities
• Core outcomes:
• Supporting PwDs to improve quality of life by promoting and improving access to
the same opportunities for participation, contribution, decision making, and social
and economic well-being as others (focus on better access to education and
infrastructure)
• Reducing preventable impairments (blindness and road crashes) – compelling
humanitarian, social and economic reasons . Careful investment can lead to
significant progress.
• Accessible infrastructure also provides a safer environment for all (including older
people, pregnant women and parents with young children) and it helps reduce accidents
• Road Safety – helmet wearing campaigns (Vietnam), rehabilitating roads , funding for the
Global Road Safety Facility
Future Directions
Accra Declaration. Ministerial Round Table – African
Road Safety Conference. Feb 2007
• Countries present: Burkina Faso, Burundi, Burkina Faso, Congo
• Commits Ministers to improving road safety in Africa
• Calls for road safety to be included in road infrastructure projects, and in G8 development
assistance
• Recommendations: development priority for African nations, funding from donors,
mainstream road safety in road infrastructure, data collection, rural road safety,
strengthen partnerships
• Active organizations: UNECA, African Union Commissions, GRSF, FIA Foundation, GRSP,
• Accra Declaration is the foundation for Africa Decade of Action
• African Regional Trade Corridor Road Safety Initiative (in partnership with Total)
Future Directions
DFID Strategy (White Paper) 2009: Chapter on Promoting Economic Recovery and
Greener Growth:
“2.101. Increasing numbers of vehicles on the roads can lead to higher numbers of
poor people killed or injured in road crashes….to help prevent this, the UK will
become a sponsor of the GRSF and support the November 2009 Ministerial
Conference in Moscow”
SIDA: Road Safety in Development Cooperation 2006
• Road safety is a global health issue, linked to poverty reduction and sustainable
economic development
• “Road safety must be recognized not as a technical matter for transport specialists
but as a cross-cutting issue in all activities where transport is involved in one way or
another”
• Apply principles of a rights-based perspective and perspective of poor
people on development, roads should be safe and accessible for all road users,
including persons with disabilities.
• Follows the safe system approach in their road safety strategy (Vision Zero)
Future Directions
Road Safety will become a greater priority from 2010 onwards, in
terms of funding for activities, greater understanding of link with
sustainable development, and increased attention in
development policy and donor strategies particularly in Asia and
Africa
Safe Systems
Approach
Safe Systems Approach
Safe System Approach:
Philosophy:
The human body is vulnerable.
Human makes mistakes, therefore
crashes will happen. In the event of
the crash, the road system should be
designed to expect and accommodate
human error
Strategy:
If a crash occurs, the impact energies
are not enough to create serious
injury or death
Based on Sweden’s Vision Zero and
being promoted by WHO, WB, GRSP
as the comprehensive approach for
developing countries
Safer
roads and
roadsides
Safer
Vehicles
Human
tolerance
to physical
force
Safer
speeds
Safer
road
users
Safe Systems Approach
Setting speed limits according to the safety of the road
and roadside
Risk of fatal injury related to impact velocity
Safer
speeds
Safe Systems Approach
Encouraging consumers to purchase safer vehicles
with primary safety features
Safer
Vehicles
Safe Systems Approach
Designing and maintaining roads/roadsides to
reduce risk to as low as reasonably practical
Safer
roads and
roadsides
2. With all the cars travelling in the
same direction, roundabouts
eliminate head-on collisions and
left-hand turns
3. Because drivers are anxious to
merge into traffic, they slow down
which helps to reduce crashes
4. With no traffic lights to divert
driver’s attention upwards, motorists
are focused on the pedestrians and
on cars around them
Safe Systems Approach
Advising, educating and encouraging road users to
comply with road rules, be unimpaired, and drive
according to the prevailing conditions
Safer
road
users
“One important characteristic of a
safe system approach is a
commitment to obtaining much
greater community
involvement…this new thinking
also means a sharing of
responsibilities for overall road
safety between road system
managers, road users and vehicle
manufacturers”
European Conference of Ministers of Transport 2006
Safer
roads and
roadsides
Safer
Vehicles
Human
tolerance
to physical
force
Safer speeds
Safer road
users
Safe Systems Approach
Recommendations: RCVIS 2008 Annual Report
• Safe Road Users: enforce speed limits, drink-driving
and helmets, targeted awareness campaigns, improve
driver training schools
• Safer Road Environments: black spot treatment,
safe environments for children and pedestrians
Safer Vehicles: phase out right-hand drive, seatbelt
requirements, helmet standard
Speed Management
should be a greater
priority in HIB RS
2011-2013 strategy
Protect Your Life,
Wear a Helmet
Thank You
Questions
What are HIB’s strategic opportunities with
GRSP, FIA, GRSF, UNRSC, AusAID going
forward?
How can the safe systems approach be better
integrated into HIB global/regional/countrylevel RS interventions (eg. greater priority on
speed management)?
Questions
What are HIB’s strategic opportunities with GRSP, FIA, GRSF, UNRSC, AusAID going forward?
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GRSP
– Funding opportunities for VN (speeding, drink-driving), Laos (helmets, speeding, drinkdriving, enforcement PD), Cambodia (2010: drink-driving seminar, RS week, RS Network,
PD for Public Education).
– Global Road Safety Studies.
– Extension of RCVIS regionally
– Revisit decision to not become member of GRSP? MoU between GRSP and HIB
– Lobby for increased support directly to govt
FIA Foundation
– Join Make Road Safe Campaign (global)
– Research funding (Cambodian, Laos PDR)
– Public awareness on speeding/pedestrians (regional)
GRSF
– Cambodia: RCVIS, capacity-building, public awareness (extension project from
Argentina)
– Global/regional: strengthen communications and networking with GRSF
UNRSC
– Advocacy on road safety and disability (global)
– Networking and partnership building
AusAID, SIDA:
– future funding (in ASEAN, in Africa)