Transcript Population Patterns

Population
Patterns
Ch. 18 Sec. 1
Get out your guided
notes and your map!
The Crossroads
• This region is the crossroads
b/w Asia, Africa, and Europe
 remarkable ethnic diversity
–Differences among grps. based
on their lang., customs, and
beliefs
MANY PEOPLES
• Arabs
• Israelis
• Turks
• Iranians and Afghanis
• Caucasian Peoples
• Kurds
Arabs
• Most people in region are Arab275 million
• Majority are Muslims
• 290 mil. Arabic-speaking people
• Presently live in 16 countries,
including those in North Africa
Arabs
• Before Islam spread, they were
mainly on Arabian Peninsula
–Now all over, including “Maghreb”
• Now, many Arabs are
descendents of Egyptians,
Phoenicians, Berbers, and others
Israelis
• 7.7 million (ppl living in Israel)
• 82% are Jewish, the rest are
Christian & Muslim Arabs
• Trace heritage to Israelites
who settled Canaan…God
gave them this land
permanently
Israelis
• Wars, persecution, & trade
made Jews settle elsewhere
religion kept link to homeland
alive
• 1890s: Zionism
• 1948: Israel founded as Jewish
state
Israelis
• Arabs were mad about a
Jewish state in territory that
was theirs
• Palestinians are Arabs living in
new Israel territory
• Many Palestinians were forced
to leave
Israelis
• Agreements are now giving
Palestinians more self-rule
• Problems still exist over city of
Jerusalem, presence of troops
in territories, return of
Palestinian refugees, & water
and resource rights
Turks
• From Anatolia Peninsulamigrated about 1000 C.E.
• Blend of many peoples who
have lived there (C. Asn, Eur.)
–One being the Ottomans (ruled
Mediterranean for 600 yrs.)
• Most are Muslims; speak Turkish
Iranians
• 75 million live in Iran (formerly
Persia)
• Descendants of Aryans (from
southern Russia) 1000 B.C.
• Speak Farsi
• 90% are Shi’a Muslims
Afghanis
• Many different ethnic groups
reflect centuries of migrations &
invasions
• Speak many languages
• Most practice Islam
Caucasians
• More than 50 ethnic grps. in
Caucasus area
–Armenians and Georgians are
largest
Caucasians
• Armenians:
–Armenia became independent
with fall of Soviet Union (’91)
–Culture is over 15 centuries old
–Most are Christian
–1915: 1 million were massacred,
deported, or died of illness from
Ottoman Turks
Caucasians
• Georgians:
–Independence w/ fall of Soviet
Union
–Most are Christian
–Own lang. w/ unique alphabet
Turkic Peoples
• Mostly in Central Asia (esp. the
“stans”)
–Remnants of Turkish empires
–Live outside of Turkey, who are Turks
• Uzbeks make up largest grp.
• Kazakhs are a minority in own
country (Russians, Ukrainians, &
Germans are majority)
–But now with migration & better living
conditions.
Tajiks
• Mostly Muslim
• Non-Turkic group living in
Central Asia
• Live in Tajikistan, Uzbekistan,
and Afghanistan
• Lang. is similar to Farsi
Kurds
• Most are Muslims
• Lang. similar to Farsi
• Live in border areas, with no
established country (largest ethnic
group without a country)
–Region called Kurdistan
–Attempts of self-rule put down by
Turkish and Arab rulers
• Fearing an uprising, Hussein
massacred Kurds in 80s
Population & Resources
• Water fights
–Causes border disputes Shatt al Arab
(Iran & Iraq), Golan Heights (Syria &
Israel)
• City fights
–Rapid Urbanization growing faster
than the supply of food and housing.
• Slums are forming on outskirts
• Iran’s solution: decentralize the govn’t
take businesses and jobs out of Tehran,
and spread them out to other cities.
Culture Pics
18.3
Temple of Ur
Iran
Iran
Turkey
Making a fire in a
wadi in Jordan
Tent in Jordan
Camel race
in Israel