Transcript Period 3 _ ppt 3 _ Byzantine Empire _ Medieval Europe

Today’s LEQs: What came after Classical Rome?
What changed and what stayed the same?
 Continuation of Eastern portion of
Roman Empire (West fell 476CE to
Germanic invasions)
 Ruled by caesaropapist ruler
(combining secular and religious
authority in one person)
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West = breakdown of Roman society, law,
custom, language
Byzantine East = retain Roman laws,
customs, urban-centered life, and Greek
language
Both = Christian, BUT
 Great Schism – 1054; final division between
Eastern Orthodox (led by patriarch) and Roman
Catholic (led by pope) Christianity
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Invaded by Abbasid Islamic forces (from late
600s CE)
By 1085, territory shrank even more
 Catholic crusaders
 Turkic Muslim invaders
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The end came when conquered in 1453 by
Ottoman Turks (Central Asians converted to
Islam)
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Population reduced by 25%
Lack of centralization in gov’t – strong elites
took control of smaller areas
Christianity provided limited unity throughout
Europe
 Pope becomes most important figure in the West
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New Germanic rulers of disunited kingdoms
tried to retain some aspects of Rome (they
admired it!)
Germanic people became the “dominant
peoples”
Europe does briefly
experience some unity
under the rule of
Charlemagne but it’s
short-lived (800 CE; aka
“Charles the Great”)
 Later, attempted under
the Holy Roman Empire
(limited to modern day
Germany; unsuccessful)
 What can be inferred about
the Roman Catholic Pope
from the religious icon to
the left?
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Using your BYOD, look up the dictionary
definition of this word and write it in your
notes.
Based on your reading of Chapter 10
(specifically, pages 436-437), write a brief
paragraph explaining how feudalism worked
in Western Europe in the third-wave era.
Consider especially feudalism’s emphasis on
social hierarchy in your answer.
 A political and social system based
on loyalty, land, and military service
 Occurs due to weakness in centralized
gov’t
 As central authority breaks down,
people look to local leaders for
protection
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The kings had lots of
land; he gave land to
lords in exchange for
protection and $.
Lords gave their land
to knights in exchange
for protection, $.
(known as Fief)
Knights let serfs work
the land and he would
protect them.
Serfs got food and
shelter.
Thus, each person had
rights and
responsibilities
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Disease, riots, outside attacks, and
starvation, people fled the cities of the once
strong Roman empire
In Europe, people now lived on manors, selfsufficient communities consisting of a castle,
church, village and surrounding farmlands
Economic System: Manoralism – the
economic system of Middle Ages based on
the manor. No large-scale trade; selfsufficient
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High Middle Ages (1000-1300 CE)
Decreased invasions; great security and
stability
Population growth due to increased
agricultural production
 Warming trend after 750 CE helped agriculture
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Urbanization makes a comeback!
Returned to interregional trade
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Series of “holy wars” starting in 1095 CE and
lasting more than four centuries
Directed against Muslims, Orthodox
Christians, and Jewish communities
Impressive show of organization, finance,
transportation, and recruitment considering
Western Europe had no centralized rule
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