Transcript Medieval Period - Official Beryllium 2013 Blog

SOCIAL SCIENCE III

MIDDLE AGES
 FEUDALISM
 CHIVALRY
 THE CHURCH as a powerful institution
▪ REFORMS AND CRUSADES



THE RENAISSANCE
THE REFORMATION
INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION *

CAF SEGREGATION PROJECT, as usual.

A surprise project which will be formally
introduced in class after the long break.

Middle Ages
 Vassal
 Franks
 Knight
 Monastery
 Serf
 Secular
 Manor
 Carolingian Dynasty
 Tithe
 Charlemage
 Chivalry
 Lord
 Tournament
 Fief
 troubadour

This period of history in Europe succeeded the
fall of the great Roman Empire.

Medieval Europe – new institutions emerged
to replace those of the fallen Roman Empire.
 They were fragmented unlike the civilizations in
China and Southwest Asia.
ROMAN
EMPIRE
BROUGHT WITH

DISRUPTION OF TRADE
THEM

 Business collapsed as a result
 Germanic invaders: NO
of recurring invasions.

READ, NO WRITE.
DOWNFALL OF CITIES
 Romans abandoned cities as
centers of administration.

DECLINE OF LEARNING
POPULATION SHIFTS
 From city to countryside
(URBAN to RURAL)

LOSS OF A COMMON
LANGUAGE
 Latin began to be fragmented
▪ FRENCH
▪ SPANISH
▪ Other Roman based
languages

Germanic kingdoms
replaced Roman provinces.

Church is the only
institution which survived
the fall of the Roman
Empire.
 The Church provided order
and security.
 Important part in the
Medieval History of Europe.
ROMAN SOCIETY
GERMANIC SOCIETY

Loyalty to the public
government

Family ties and personal
loyalty

Written law

Unwritten rules and
traditions

FRANKS are a Germanic people who held
power in the Roman province of Gaul.
 Their first king was named Clovis who was said to
have brought Christianity to this region.

The Church in Rome welcomed Clovis’s
conversion and supported his military
campaigns against other Germanic peoples.
 This marked the beginning of an alliance between
two powerful forces/ institutions, the Kingdom
and the Church.

POLITICS
 Church and King converted many Germanic
people.

MISSIONARIES – borders of the Roman
Empire

FEAR OF COASTAL ATTACKS BY MUSLIMS
BENEDICT


Wrote a book on practical
set of rules for
monasteries.
MONASTERY- religious
communities that the
Church built to adapt to
rural conditions.
SCHOLASTICA

Adapted the same rules for
women.


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SECULAR means
worldly, power
involved in politics.
Gregory the Great
broadened the
authority of the
papacy.
CENTRAL THEME:
Churchly kingdoms
ruled by a Pope
A
SECULARIZED
POPE
CHANGES IN
THE POWER

POPE’S PALACE- center of the
Roman government.

Church revenues for raising
armies, repairing roads, helping
the poor.

Negotiating peace treaties with
invaders (ex. Lombards)

Pope being the Mayor of Rome
OF THE POPE

Roman Empire was
divided.

Major Domo= mayors
of the palace.
 England = seven tiny
 Became the most
kingdoms.
 Franks = controlled Gaul,
the largest and
strongest of Europe’s
kingdoms.
 Clovis- first king of Gaul.
powerful person in the
kingdom.
 In charge of the royal
households and estates
(official responsibility)
 Commanded armies and
made policies.
▪ Started and strengthened
the Merovingian Dynasty.
CHARLES MARTEL


Extended Franks’ reign to
the North, South, and East
of Gaul.
PEPIN THE SHORT

Succeeded Charles Martel.

Supported the Church in
their fight against the
Lombards (invading
Central Italy).


“King by the Grace of God.”
Started the Carolingian
Dynasty.
Also defeated a Muslim
raiding party from Spain at
the Battle of Tours.


Pepin the Short left two successors, Carloman
and Charles.
CHARLES- would eventually be known as
Charlemagne.
 A tall, bold man who stood 6’4”
 Einhard says he was “the most potent prince with the
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


greatest skill and success in different countries during
the forty-seven years of his reign.”
Doubled the area of his father’s reign
His conquests helped spread Christianity
Is the first German “Roman Emperor”.
WHY WAS IT HISTORIC?

Limited the authority
of the nobles

Regularly visited every
part of his kingdom.

Judged cases, settled
disputes, rewarded
followers.

Encouraged learning
 English, German,
Italian, and Spanish
scholars
 Opened a palace school
for the children at the
court.
 Monasteries opened
schools that trained
monks and priests

Louis the Pious – devoutly a religious man




Lothair
Charles the Bald
Louis the German
TREATY OF VERDUN- divided Charlemagne’s
empire into 3 kingdoms.

FAMILIARIZE YOURSELF WITH THE MAP OF
CHARLEMAGNE’S EMPIRE.

WHAT IS FEUDALISM? WHERE DOES
FEUDALISM BASE ITS POWER? DESCRIBE THE
SOCIAL STRUCTURE PRESENT IN THIS
PERIOD.

COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE FEUDALISM
THAT EXISTED IN JAPAN AND CHINA WITH THE
ONE THAT EXISTED IN EUROPE.

DRAW THE TYPICAL MANOR THAT EXISTED
DURING THIS ERA.