Transcript Measuring Research and Experimental Development

UIS activities in the collection and analysis of
STI indicators and
overview of data for South East Asia
South East Asian Regional Workshop on Science, Technology and Innovation Statistics
Hanoi, Viet Nam
Martin Schaaper
5-8 December 2011
www.uis.unesco.org
Objectives of this presentation
 Present the work that UIS does to support the
collection and analysis of STI indicators in
developing countries
 Provide an overview of the availability of STI
indicators worldwide and in the region
www.uis.unesco.org
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)
 Formerly UNESCO Division of Statistics
 Established in 1999
 September 2001 - the UIS moved from Paris to
the University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
 30 November 2001 – UNESCO Director-General
inaugurates the UNESCO Institute for Statistics in
Montreal
 Director: Mr. Hendrik van der Pol
www.uis.unesco.org
UIS presence around the world
• Paris
•Montreal
• Doha • Delhi
Dakar●
• Bamako
•Yaounde
• Nairobi
•
Luanda
• Windhoek
• Bangkok
Apia
●
• Santiago
www.uis.unesco.org
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)
 United Nations data repository for:
• Education
• Science, Technology and Innovation
• Culture
• Communication
www.uis.unesco.org
UIS is the UN lead agency for S&T
statistics
Official S&T data source for:
• UN Statistical Division: UN Statistical Year Book
• UNDP: Human Development Report
• World Bank: World Development Indicators
 Data publicly available at: http://www.uis.unesco.org
 UIS Publications (can be downloaded from the UIS
website): S&T Bulletins; Fact sheet on R&D statistics
 UNESCO Reports:
• UNESCO Science Report
• UNESCO World Report - Towards Knowledge Societies
• International Report on S&T and Gender
• History of Science Statistics at UNESCO
www.uis.unesco.org
Areas of work
 R&D personnel & expenditure
 Human resources devoted to S&T
 International mobility
• Gender
 Innovation data
• Since 2010
 Longer term: Output & Impact
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Lines of action
1. S&T survey operation and data guardianship
2. Training in S&T statistics: workshops & other
training activities
3. Standard setting and methodological
developments
4. Analysis and publications
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1. S&T Survey operation and data
guardianship
 Global survey on statistics of science & technology
 Global database on S&T Statistics
 Data dissemination: on the UIS website and
through contributions to other agencies
 2011: pilot survey of innovation data
www.uis.unesco.org
Survey on Statistics of Science &
Technology: R&D Survey
 Biennially.
 2004, 2006, 2008 and 2010 R&D surveys
completed.
 Results released on UIS website
(http://stats.uis.unesco.org).
 OECD and Eurostat provide data for their Member
States.
 RICYT provides data for Latin America and for a
few Caribbean countries.
 UIS keeps direct contact with national S&T
statisticians.
www.uis.unesco.org
Data collection: R&D Survey
R&D Personnel
 By sector of employment,
occupation, qualification, and
field of science
 In headcount and FTE
 By gender
R&D Expenditure
 By sector of performance and
source of funds
 By type of activity and field of
science
www.uis.unesco.org
Respondents to the UIS 2008 and 2010
questionnaires: South East Asia
Country
2008Q
2010Q
1
Brunei Darussalam
Data not provided
Data not provided
2
Cambodia
Data not provided
Data not provided
3
Hong Kong SAR, China
Data provided
Data provided
4
Laos PDR
Data not provided
Data not provided
5
Indonesia
Data provided
Data provided
6
Macao SAR, China
Data not provided
Data provided
7
Malaysia
Data provided
Data provided
8
Myanmar
Data not provided
Data not provided
9
Philippines
Data provided
Data provided
10
Thailand
Data provided
Data provided
11
Timor-Leste
Data not provided
Data not provided
12
Viet Nam
Data not provided
Data not provided
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UIS 2008 and 2010 Surveys on R&D:
response rates & published data
Effective
responses
Q 2008
Regions
(Countries and Territories covered)
Effective
responses
Q 2010
10
22%
Arab States-Africa (8)
4
50%
Asia (31, excl. Arab States & OECD)
15
48%
Arab States - Asia (12)
3
25%
Americas (14, excl. RICYT & OECD)
1
7%
0
0%
4
29%
Europe (16, excl. OECD & Eurostat)
8
50%
7
44%
11
69%
Oceania (17, excl. OECD)
4
24%
0
0%
3
18%
45
31%
45
31%
84
59%
OECD + Eurostat (45)
45
100%
45
100%
45
100%
RICYT (25, incl. 10 Caribbean)
18
72%
18
72%
18
72%
108
51%
108
51%
147
69%
Sub-Saharan Africa (45)
Sub-total (143)
26%
42%
12
27%
4
50%
16
52%
6
50%
Published data
(by June 2011)
30%
51%
31
69%
6
75%
24
77%
5
42%
70%
67%
Data from other sources:
Total (213)
Note: Effective responses: number of returned questionnaires with data.
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Researchers, South East Asia, 2009 or
last available year
Country
Year
Researchers per million
inhabitants (FTE)
Researchers (FTE)
Brunei Darussalam*
2004
101.9
286
Cambodia*
2002
222.9
17
Hong Kong SAR, China
2009
19,283
2759
Laos PDR*
2002
87
16
Indonesia*
2009
21,275
90
Macao SAR, China*
2009
389.9
734
Malaysia
2006
9,694.5
364
Myanmar*
2002
837
18
Philippines
2007
6,957
78
Thailand
2007
21,392
315
…
…
9,328
116
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Source: UIS S&T Database, July 2011
…
2002
FTE: Full-time equivalent; * Based onwww.uis.unesco.org
partial data
How many researchers are there?
Number of researchers worldwide
2002 (5.8 million)
2007 (7.2 million)
5.0
4.5
4.5
4.0
Researchers (millions)
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.7
2.5
1.8
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Developed countries
Source: UIS, August 2010
Developing countries
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How many researchers are there?
Number of researchers worldwide
2002 (5.8 million)
2007 (7.2 million)
1.6
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.4
1.3
Researchers (millions)
1.2
1.2
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.6
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
EU
Source: UIS, August 2010
USA
Japan
Other
developed
Note: Data for the USA are for 2006 instead of 2007
China
Other
developing
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Where are researchers located?
Shares of world researchers by principal
regions, 2002 and 2007 (%)
2002 (5.8 million)
North
America,
25.2%
Latin
America &
Caribbean,
2.9%
Africa,
2.3%
Oceania,
2.1%
Asia,
35.7%
2007 (7.1 million)
Europe,
31.9%
North
America,
22.2%
Latin
America &
Caribbean,
3.6%
Africa,
2.3%
Oceania,
2.1%
Asia,
41.4%
Europe,
28.4%
Source: UIS, August 2010
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Which countries host the greatest number of researchers?
Number of researchers, 2009 or latest available year
229,130
154,827
142,948
1,592,420
236,137
243,338
311,500
442,263
656,676
Source: UIS, July 2011
1,412,639
China-1
United States-2
Japan-1
Russian Fed.
Germany
United Kingdom
Rep. of Korea-1
France-1
India-4
Canada-2
Note: -1 = 2008, -2 = 2007, -4 = 2005. Data in this graph are based on
FTE data.
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A breakdown of researchers in the Americas.
Researchers by sector of employment, 2009 or
latest available year
Business enterprise
Government
Private non-profit
Unknown
Higher education
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
Source: UIS, July 2011
Nicaragua*-5
Costa Rica-1
Paraguay-1
Guatemala-1
Venezuela
Trinidad & Tobago*-1
Colombia-1
Panama-1
Uruguay-1
El Salvador*
Bolivia-7
Argentina-1
Honduras*-6
Ecuador-1
Brazil-1
Mexico-2
Chile-5
Canada-2
United States-2
0%
Note: -1 = 2008, -2 = 2007, -5 = 2004, -6 = 2003, -7 = 2002. Data in this graph are based
www.uis.unesco.org
on FTE data (* based on HC data).
A breakdown of researchers in Europe.
Researchers by sector of employment, 2009 or
latest available year
Business enterprise
Government
Higher education
Private non-profit
Unknown
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
Source: UIS, July 2011
Note: +1 = 2010, -1 = 2008, -2= 2007. Data in this graph are based on FTE data (* based on
www.uis.unesco.org
HC data).
Albania-1
Montenegro*-2
Serbia
Macedonia (FYR)-1
Latvia
Rep. of Moldova
Slovakia
Lithuania
Bulgaria
Poland
Croatia
Portugal
Cyprus
Greece-2
Estonia
Romania
United Kingdom+1
Spain
Turkey
Ukraine
Italy
Switzerland-1
Netherlands
Czech Rep.
Slovenia
Hungary
Belgium
Iceland-1
Russian Fed.
Malta
Norway
Ireland
Belarus*
France-1
Luxembourg
Germany
Finland
Denmark
Sweden
Austria
0%
Source: UIS, July 2011
Government
Higher education
Private non-profit
Note: -1 = 2008, -2 = 2007, -3 = 2006, -4 = 2005, -6 = 2002, -7 = 2001, -9 = 2000, -12 = 1997.
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Data in this graph are based on FTE data (* based on HC data).
Australia-1
New Zealand-2
Business enterprise
Rep. of Korea-1
Japan-1
China-1
Singapore-1
Philippines-2
Hong Kong,
India-4
Malaysia-3
Jordan*-6
Lao PDR-7
Palestine*-1
Thailand-2
Sri Lanka-1
Brunei-6
Cambodia-7
Iran-1
Azerbaijan
Kyrgyzstan*
Viet Nam-7
Kazakhstan*
Macao, China
Mongolia*
Indonesia*-4
Tajikistan*-3
Armenia*
Bangladesh*-12
Georgia*-4
Pakistan
Mali*-2
South Africa-2
Ghana-2
Botswana*-4
Uganda*
Zambia-1
Lesotho
Tunisia-1
Cen. Afr. Rep.*
Cameroon*-1
Kenya*-2
Sudan*-4
Malawi-2
Morocco-1
Senegal-1
Mozambique*-2
Burkina Faso*-2
Ethiopia-2
Gambia*
Seychelles-4
Guinea*-9
Egypt
Madagascar-2
Tanzania*-2
Nigeria-2
Algeria-4
Togo-2
Congo DR*-4
Côte d'Ivoire-4
A breakdown of researchers in Africa, Asia and the Pacific.
Researchers by sector of employment, 2009 or latest
available year
100%
Unknown
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
What are the national research densities?
Researchers per million inhabitants, 2009 or
latest available year
0–100 per million
101–300 per million
301–1000 per million
1001–2000 per million
2001 per million and above
Data not available
Source: UIS, July 2011
Note: Data in this map are based on FTE. However, figures in headcounts (HC) were considered for the following countries since
the FTE figures were not available: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Bangladesh; Belarus; Benin; Botswana; Cameroon; Central African
Rep.; Cuba; Dem. Rep. of the Congo; El Salvador; Gabon; Gambia; Georgia; Guinea; Honduras; Jordan; Kazakhstan;
Kyrgyzstan; Libya; Mauritius; Mongolia; Montenegro; Nauru; Nicaragua; Peru; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines;
Saudi Arabia; Sudan; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Trinidad and Tobago; Uganda and U.S. Virgin Islands. This has to be taken into
account when interpreting the data.
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What are the national research densities?
Researchers per million inhabitants, 2009 or
latest available year: Asia
0–100 per million
101–300 per million
301–1000 per million
1001–2000 per million
2001 per million and above
Data not available
Source: UIS, July 2011
Note: Data in this map are based on FTE. However, figures in headcounts (HC) were considered for the following countries since the FTE figures were not available: Benin; Botswana;
Cameroon; Central African Rep; Dem. Rep. of the Congo; Gabon; Gambia; Guinea; Libya; Mauritius; Sudan; Tanzania and Uganda. This has to be taken into account when
interpreting the data.
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The gender gap in science.
Women as a share of total researchers, 2009 or
latest available year
0%–30%
30.1%–45%
45.1%–55%
55.1%–70%
70.1%–100%
Data not available
Source: UIS, July 2011
Note: Data in this map are based on HC, except for Congo and www.uis.unesco.org
India (based on FTE).
The gender gap in science.
Women as a share of total researchers, 2009 or
latest available year: Asia
0%–30%
30.1%–45%
45.1%–55%
55.1%–70%
70.1%–100%
Data not available
Source: UIS, July 2011
Note: Data in this map are based on HC, except for Congo (based
on FTE).
www.uis.unesco.org
Gender gap in research career?
Proportion of women and men graduates in tertiary
education and those employed as researchers, 2008
Women
Men
80
Women and men (%)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Bachelor's degree
Source: UIS, October 2010
Master's degree
PhD degree
Researchers
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Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD), South East
Asia, 2009 or last available year
Country
Year
GERD ('000) – Local
currency
GERD - PPP$ ('000)
GERD – as % of
GDP
Brunei Darussalam*
2004
4,925
6,268
0.04
Cambodia*
2002
8,357,010
6,816
0.05
Hong Kong SAR, China
2009
12,833,000
2,389,657
0.79
Laos PDR*
2002
6,560,000
2,652
0.04
Indonesia*
2009
4,671,354,585
801,398
0.08
Macao SAR, China*
2009
132,766
24,640
0.08
Malaysia
2006
3,646,700
2,090,512
0.63
Myanmar*
2002
9,122,008
…
0.16
Philippines
2007
7,556,360
341,231
0.11
Thailand
2007
18,225,253
1,116,747
0.21
…
…
…
1,032,560,900
252,019
0.19
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Source: UIS S&T Database, July 2011
…
2002
* Based on partial data
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Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD)
worldwide
2002 (790.3 billion)
2007 (1145.7 billion)
1000
873.2
900
GERD (in billions PPP$)
800
700
653.0
600
500
400
272.5
300
137.3
200
100
0
Developed countries
Source: UIS, August 2010
Developing countries
Figures are in Purchasing Power Parity Dollars (PPP$)
www.uis.unesco.org
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD)
worldwide
2002 (790.3 billion)
2007 (1145.7 billion)
400
373
GERD (in billions PPP$)
350
300
277
265
250
206
200
170
148
150
108
102
87
100
98
62
39
50
0
USA
Source: UIS, August 2010
EU
Japan
Other
developed
Figures are in Purchasing Power Parity Dollars (PPP$)
China
Other
developing
www.uis.unesco.org
Where are R&D investments made?
Shares of world R&D expenditure (GERD) by principal
regions, 2002 and 2007 (%)
2002 (789 billion PPP$)
Europe,
30.3%
Latin
America &
Caribbean,
2.6%
Oceania,
1.4%
Africa,
0.9%
North
America,
37.8%
2007 (1138 billion PPP$)
Asia,
27.1%
Europe,
27.3%
Latin
America &
Caribbean,
2.9%
Oceania,
1.6%
Africa,
0.9%
North
America,
34.7%
Asia,
32.7%
Source: UIS, August 2010
www.uis.unesco.org
World’s top 10 leaders in R&D investment
GERD (‘000 PPP$), 2009 or latest available year
24,935,470
33,368,083
24,752,618
398,194,000
40,610,639
43,906,413
47,953,451
83,974,765
121,369,732
148,719,235
United States-1
Japan-1
China-1
Germany
France
Rep. of Korea-1
United Kingdom
Russian Fed.
Canada
Italy
Source: UIS, July 2011
Note: -1 = 2008.
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A snap-shot of R&D intensity.
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) as a
percentage of GDP, 2009 or latest available year
0.00%–0.25%
0.26%–0.50%
0.51%–1.00%
1.01%–2.00%
2.01% and above
Data not available
Source: UIS, July 2011
www.uis.unesco.org
A snap-shot of R&D intensity.
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) as a
percentage of GDP, 2009 or latest available year: Asia
0.00%–0.25%
0.26%–0.50%
0.51%–1.00%
1.01%–2.00%
2.01% and above
Data not available
Source: UIS, July 2011
www.uis.unesco.org
R&D intensity (GERD as a % of GDP) by
principal regions, 1990 – 2007
3.0%
Northern
America
2.6%
2.6%
Oceania
2.5%
2.1%
2.0%
WORLD
1.8%
1.8%
1.7%
1.8%
1.6%
1.5%
1.6%
Europe
1.1%
Asia
1.0%
0.6%
0.6%
0.5%
0.5%
0.4%
Latin
America &
Caribbean
Africa
0.0%
1990
1992
1994
1996/1997 1999/2000
2002
Sources: For 1990 – 2000, UIS estimates, 2004. For 2002 -2007, UIS estimates, September 2009.
2007
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A breakdown of R&D investment in the Americas.
GERD by sector of performance, 2009 or latest
available year
Business enterprise
Government
Private non-profit
Unknown
Higher education
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
Source: UIS, July 2011
Note: -1 = 2008, -2 = 2007, -5 = 2004, -7 = 2002.
El Salvador-2
Guatemala-1
Paraguay-1
Panama
Trinidad and Tobago-1
Ecuador-1
Uruguay-1
Colombia
Bolivia-7
Argentina-1
Peru-5
Costa Rica-1
Brazil-5
Chile-5
Mexico-2
Canada
United States-1
0%
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Luxembourg
Switzerland-1
Finland+1
Austria
Sweden
Germany
Belgium
Denmark
Ireland
Slovenia
Malta
Russian Fed.
United Kingdom+1
France
Czech Rep.
Hungary
Ukraine
Iceland-1
Norway
Belarus
Spain
Italy
Netherlands
Portugal
Estonia
Slovakia
Croatia
Romania
Turkey
Latvia
Bulgaria
Macedonia (FYR)-1
Poland
Greece-2
Lithuania
Cyprus
Serbia
Rep. of Moldova
Montenegro-2
Albania-1
Bosnia & Herzegovina-2
A breakdown of R&D investment in Europe.
GERD by sector of performance, 2009 or latest
available year
100%
Business enterprise
Source: UIS, July 2011
Government
Higher education
Private non-profit
Note: +1 = 2010, -1 = 2008, -2 = 2007.
Unknown
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
www.uis.unesco.org
Source: UIS, July 2011
Government
Higher education
Private non-profit
Note: -1 = 2008, -2 = 2007, -3 = 2006, -4 = 2005, -5 = 2004, -7 =www.uis.unesco.org
2002, -8 = 2001.
Australia-1
New Zealand-2
Business enterprise
Malaysia-3
Israel
Japan-1
Rep. of Korea-1
China-1
Singapore-1
Philippines-2
Thailand-2
Hong Kong, China
Lao PDR-7
India-2
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Azerbaijan
Sri Lanka-1
Viet Nam-7
Indonesia-8
Cambodia-7
Iran-1
Mongolia
Macao, China
Brunei-5
Armenia
Tajikistan
Pakistan
Georgia-4
South Africa-2
Sudan-4
Morocco-3
Tunisia
Botswana-4
Kenya-2
Uganda
Ghana-2
Mali-2
Zambia-1
Senegal-1
Burkina Faso-2
Seychelles-4
Mozambique-2
Ethiopia-2
Tanzania-2
Nigeria-2
Madagascar
Lesotho
A breakdown of R&D investment in Africa, Asia and the
Pacific. GERD by sector of performance, 2009 or latest
available year
100%
Unknown
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1.2 Innovation Statistics: Why?
 Medium-term objective of the International
Review of S&T Statistics & Indicators 2002-03;
 May provide information on the business sector
in developing countries that R&D statistics won’t
supply;
 Many developing countries recently starting to
carry out innovation surveys;
 UIS has a natural coordinating role as UN lead
agency on S&T statistics.
www.uis.unesco.org
The UIS strategy on Innovation Statistics
 Inventory of innovation surveys in developing countries;
 Pilot data collection (in 15 countries in June 2011);
 2013: Regular data collection every two years;
 Online worldwide database;
 Analysis and publications;
 Capacity building and training activities;
 Methodological developments and survey help;
 In partnership with international and regional
organisations (ASEAN, AU/NEPAD, Eurostat, OECD,
RICYT, …).
– Will be presented separately
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2. Capacity building
There are many problems:
 Lack of understanding of importance of S&T
(indicators)
 Lack of political will and action
 Lack of coordination
 Lack of trained personnel
 High staff turnover
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Capacity building (2)
Measurement problems:
 Measuring “real effort” (full-time equivalents)
 Private sector R&D
 Budget data vs. surveys
 Role of foreign entities
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S&T statistics workshops
 Increase the number of countries regularly producing quality
S&T indicators.
 Create local capacities and establish sustainable local S&T
statistics systems.
 Promote the use of S&T indicators for evidence-based S&T
policy making.
 Share experiences with other developing countries and
address problems.
 Gain knowledge about the particular characteristics of S&T
statistics data.
 Demonstrate good practices in other countries of the region.
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UIS S&T Statistics workshops
2005:
Uganda, India
2006:
Indonesia, Senegal, Kazakhstan
2007:
Tunisia, FYR of Macedonia, Jordan, Russia,
Cameroon
2008:
Oman, Cambodia, Botswana
2009:
Kenya, Egypt
2010:
Mali, Syria, Jordan*, Uzbekistan, Ethiopia*, Nepal
2011:
Grenada, Gabon, Azerbaijan*, Vietnam
But also contributing to similar workshops of
partner organisations (e.g. RICYT, NEPAD, other
partner orgs)
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Countries that have participated in UNESCO
S&T statistics workshops 2005-2011
Countries and territories covered
Countries and territories not yet covered
Countries and territories not targeted
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Results of workshops
 Increased response rate – non-responding
countries learn how to do it from UIS and
neighbours.
 Immediate problems solved.
 Increased data quality – improved understanding
of application of international standards.
 Face to face contacts = more effective networking.
 Inputs to UIS programme development.
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3. Standard setting/methodological
developments
 Measuring R&D in Developing Countries:
Technical Guide and Annex to the Frascati Manual
(2010)
• Will be presented separately
 Measuring Innovation in Developing countries:
Annex to the Oslo Manual (2005)
• Will be presented separately
 Careers of Doctoral Holders – CDH (since 2004)
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The careers of doctorate holders
survey (CDH)
 A joint project with the OECD and Eurostat.
 Methodology developed “from scratch”.
 Aimed both at developed and developing
countries.
 With participation from experts from both
developed and developing countries.
 Promoting the methodology by encouraging
developing countries to conduct such surveys and
produce cross-nationally comparable statistics on
careers of doctorate holders.
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Relevance of the CDH project
 Focus on the crucial role of highly qualified
individuals who represent a key to the production,
application and transmission of knowledge.
 Statistics on the global trends in human resources
for Science and Technology (HRST) very weak.
 Quality and comparability of international data on
migration is particularly weak.
 Diversity of data collection methods hinders
international comparability, and does not provide
information on career paths and mobility patterns.
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Objectives of CDH
Objectives:
 To design an internationally comparable tool for
tracking the careers of doctorates holders and
highly qualified people in different countries.
 To collect and exchange information on the career
paths of holders of doctorates from existing data
sources and the new survey tool.
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CDH modules
 Doctoral Education (EDU)
 Early Career Research positions (ECR)
 Employment situation (EMP)
 International mobility (MOB)
 Career-related experience (CAR)
 Personal characteristics (PER)
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CDH toolkit
Components:
 Model questionnaire and Instruction Manual
 Output tables and variables definitions
 Methodological guidelines
 Bridge table model questionnaire - output tables
See:
http://www.uis.unesco.org/ev.php?URL_ID=5219&
URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201
and www.oecd.org/sti/cdh
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4. Some publications
 Data publicly available at: http://www.uis.unesco.org
(http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/ReportFolders/R
eportFolders.aspx?IF_ActivePath=P,54&IF_Langua
ge=eng)
 UIS Fact Sheets
 UNESCO Science Report 2010
 International Report on Science, Technology and
Gender 2007
 Planned: Global R&D e-publication 2011
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Collaborations / Partnerships
 UNESCO HQs
 UNESCO offices worldwide
 World Bank
 OECD
 Eurostat
 AU-NEPAD
 RICYT (Latin America)
 ALECSO
 Arab Academy of Science
 ADB
 ISESCO
 ATPS
 Inter-Academy Council
 ISDB
 INRS (Quebec, Canada)
 EU-Medibtikar
 ASEAN
 Centre for Social Innovation (ZSI),
Austria
 IDRC (Canada)
 IRD (France)
 ECO
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Quality of data
Efficient use of
resources
Consistency over
time and space
Accessibility and
affordability
Validity
and reliability
Relevance to
policy
Potential for
disaggregation
Comparability
through
standards
Clarity and
transparency
Currency and
punctuality
Coherence
across sources
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Way forward
 There is still a lot to do!
 UIS needs to keep direct contact with statisticians:
Quality and relevance.
 Countries to establish sustainable S&T statistics
systems, involving line ministries (S&T Ministries or
Research Councils) and National Statistical Offices.
 Looking forward to further cooperation.
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Thank you!
http://www.uis.unesco.org
[email protected]
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