Transcript Measuring Research and Experimental Development

Science policy and the
linkage to indicators
National training workshop
Amman, Jordan
18-20 October 2010
www.uis.unesco.org
Science, technology and innovation (STI)
 STI universally recognised now as one of the main
drivers of economic growth…
 … and therefore of poverty reduction as well
 Governments should aim to harness the benefits
of STI
 Hence the need for a national STI policy
 Integrated in the overall national strategic plan
 Coordinated between the various actors that have
a stake (e.g. Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of
Health, Ministry of Higher Education, etc.)
www.uis.unesco.org
The need for monitoring
 Monitoring and benchmarking is critical in
assessing, implementing and evaluating policy
 If you don’t know where you are, how do you know
in which direction you need to go?
 Policies often include targets: need for (statistical)
measures to assess progress
• E.g. Lisbon target (3%)
• China: 2.5% by 2020
• CPA: 1% in Africa
www.uis.unesco.org
STI policy, evidence/data needed:
indicators to tell a story
 Do I need to invest in R&D or in Higher Education?
• Better know how much you are investing already
• What is a convenient and relevant measure?
• % of GDP? Number of graduates?
 In which areas should I invest predominantly?
• In which areas am I already investing?
• Which are important economic sectors, in mining, agriculture, industry,
services, etc?
• Which are crucial public sectors, and what are national or regional
peculiarities? (health, environment, utilities, defense,…)
 Do I need to improve quality of higher education or research?
• Better know how you compare to other countries
• Are there sufficient links of universities and institutes to industry?
www.uis.unesco.org
Example - hampering factors
Proportion of enterprises that regarded selected hampering factors that they had experienced as
highly important, EU, 1998-2000 (%)
100
75
50
34
Source: Eurostat, NewCronos (theme9/innovat/inn_cis3), 2004
25
22
21
15
15 13
8
10
17
8 6 10
15
15 13
8
11 9
16
4 7
31 30
20
15
16
13 12
16 13
12
10 8
24
13
0
Industry
Mining and quarrying
(C)
Manufacturing (D)
Electricity, gas and
water supply (E)
Services
Excessive perceived economic risks
Innovation costs too high
Lack of qualified personnel
Insufficient flexibility of regulations or standards
Wholesale and
commission trade
(51)
Computer activities;
R&D; engineering
and consultancy;
technical testing and
analysis (72, 73,
74.2, 74.3)
Lack of appropriate sources of finance
www.uis.unesco.org
Some examples – UNESCO
www.uis.unesco.org
Some examples – EU
The EU innovation Scoreboard is "an
annual assessment of innovation
performance in the individual Member
States of the European Union.
It was an explicit request of the
European Council of Ministers meeting
in Lisbon in March 2000
www.uis.unesco.org
Some examples – OECD
Innovation strategy
www.uis.unesco.org
Some examples – AU/NEPAD
The ASTII Initiative is a programme in
the Africa’s Science and Technology
Consolidated Plan of Action (CPA)
(adopted in 2005) by the African
Ministerial Conference on Science and
Technology (AMCOST), resolving “to
establish an inter-governmental
committee comprising of relevant
national authorities to develop, adopt
and use common indicators to survey
and prepare an African Science,
technology and Innovation report”.
www.uis.unesco.org
Some examples – Latin America
www.uis.unesco.org
Thank you!
http://www.uis.unesco.org
[email protected]
www.uis.unesco.org