HEMISPHERES, LATITUDE & LONGITUDE

HEMISPHERES

   The world is shaped like a sphere (globe) It is divided into hemispheres (hemi = half, sphere = ball) Divided at the: a) Equator (northern and southern hemisphere) b) Prime Meridian (eastern and western hemisphere)

HEMISPHERES

 In which hemisphere do we live?

 Northern and Western hemispheres  Hemispheres give us a good general idea of location in the world  To be more precise we use grids made up of latitude and longitude

LATITUDE

 also called “parallels”  lines drawn horizontally (east to west) on the surface of the earth  remember “lat is flat”  latitude lines begin at the Equator (0°) and are numbered towards the North and South Poles

LATITUDE

 lines are always equal distance from each other all the way around the globe  1 degree of latitude to another is 111 km (i.e. 40°N to 41°N is 111 km)  How many km is the 49 th the equator?

 49 x 111 km = 5439 km parallel from

LATITUDE

 Latitude lines are NOT each the same distance around the earth  lines become shorter as you move away from the equator

LONGITUDE

 a lso called “meridians” (see pg 19)  lines drawn vertically (north to south) on the surface of the earth  all longitude lines meet at the poles  they are NOT equal distance apart

LONGITUDE

 numbering begins at the Prime Meridian (0  ) which passes through Greenwich, England  rest of the lines are labeled according to their angle (east or west) from the Prime Meridian at the North Pole

LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE

 latitude and longitude lines ARE NOT the same as eastings and northings!!!

 Read and write latitude and longitude lines as:  latitude first (N or S), then longitude (E or W)  i.e. 45  N 123  W

LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE

 to be more specific in pinpointing locations, each degree of latitude and longitude is further divided into 60 minutes  i.e. Kitchener, ON 43  27N 80  30W  this is the same idea as the difference between the 4 and 6 figure grid references

ASSIGNMENT

  Picture Sources from:  Complete Geolab 15 http://www.cruising.sailingcourse.co

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