Transcript Pollution is the addition to the ecosystem of someting

F.4 Biology Group
Investigation
Land Pollution
Group 5
Members List
Chan Sze Chun ( 2)
Tong Shing Chung ( 17)
Lee Suen Kwan ( 32)
Leung Wan Iu ( 33)
Wong Lok Sze ( 40)
Wong Wing Yi ( 41)
Definition of Land Pollution
What is Pollution?
Pollution is the addition to the ecosystem of something
which has a detrimental effect on it.
Then, What is means by Land Pollution?
Land pollution is the degradation of the Earth's land
surface through misuse of the soil by
• poor agricultural practices
• mineral exploitation
• industrial waste dumping and
• indiscriminate disposal of urban wastes.
It includes visible waste and litter as well as pollution of
the soil itself.
Importance of land
The land gives us food, Lumber, paper, glass,
metals etc.
Everything you see started in the soil or rocks.
Land is very precious, it is something that should
be cherished and protected.
But we waste everything the land provided for us
so that the land must produce even more.
Sources of pollutants
One of the most
important causes of
pollution is the high
rate of energy
usage by modern,
growing populations.
Many commercial activities result in the
production of large volumes of solid waste
material. Also, the construction activities
and domestic households produce large
amounts of non-recycled wastes
The community of Hong Kong disposes about 25,000 tones of
solid wastes every day.
3%
22%
34%
17%
3%
3%
14%
Textiles
Paper
Plastic
Metal
Others
Glass
Rattan/Wood
Putrescibles
4%
It was found that plastic, paper and metals contributed
about 40% by weight of the domestic waste.
Problems caused by land pollution
The increasing amount of solid waste and its disposal
 Leading to visual pollution ,public health hazards,
and water and air pollution.
 The problem of litter and waste spoils the beauty of
our environment .
 The discarded solid waste , if untreated, will decay,
producing bad smells and polluting and the sea.
 Soil erosion happens in many ways such as draining
of fens and bogs, but mainly through the introduction
and intensification of agriculture.
Heavy Metal
Heavy metal additions to soil can affect fertility and agricultural
productivity. The soil acts as a long term sink for heavy metals such
as zinc, copper, nickel and cadmium, which have residence times
ranging from hundreds to thousands of years, depending on the element
and soil properties.
Health, safety, and
environmental threats:
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Fire and explosion
Inhalation of toxic gases
Injury to children playing on or around the dump site
Disease carried by mosquitoes, flies, and rodents
Contamination of streams, rivers and lakes
Contamination of soil and groundwater
Contamination of drinking water
Damage to plant and wildlife habitats
Decrease in the quality of life to nearby residents
and the local community
• Open dumps create a public nuisance, divert land from
more productive uses, and depress the value of
surrounding land.
Severity of Land Pollution
Hong Kong generates several different types of waste, and those
rubbish are then put into the landfill sites which are shown below.
From the pictures above, landfill sites are expected to be
fully filled, however, rubbish are non-stopped to produce.
Therefore if we don’t stop such a behavior, in one day, we need to
store our rubbish at home.
The Capacity of Landfill
From the above graph, we can observe that the landfill sites will
be fully filled till the year ended 2015, therefore we should
stop the problem without further continues serious.
Government now doing…
• The Legislative Council passes the
Waste Disposal Bill 2003
• To impose charge on the disposal of
construction wastes at landfills,
sorting facilities and public fill
reception facilities
•The graph nearby shows
that the government
successfully lows down the
production of wastes through
Achievement of Waste wise
Scheme.
Suggestions to government
• Education
advertisements and exhibitions can help enhance citizens’ awareness of
environmental protection.
• Give financial support to Recycling Company
The recycling industry is a land-hungry one.
Since land is expensive in Hong Kong, the
government can try to identify affordable
options for recyclers
• Encourage the producer to produce degradable
substances
As some of the substances can decompose naturally, they can reduce the
pressure on land and thus, the land pollution can be solved.
Suggestions to Citizens
• Encourage people to use recycled substances
recycled substances e.g. recycled paper, battery etc. can decrease
the production of wastes and thus lows down the pressure on landfill
sites.
• Reduce and reuse the food wastes
Yet this waste can become a resource by
turning it into compost, animal feed or
other useful products.
• Following the ‘4R’ Principle
Since this principle can greatly reduce the production of wastes
efficiently, it can lows down the cost of disposal of wastes
4Rs' concept (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Replace)
The 4Rs' concept in waste management helps in
minimizing waste, reducing demand for scarce
landfill space and saving resources. Discarded
items such as newspaper, office paper, aluminum
cans, glass containers and certain plastic items
can be collected for reusing or recycling.
Recycle
Recycling is a great way to made a positive impact on
the environment. Take most of product packaging
such as plastics, glass, cardboard (including
unbleached paper towel rolls & cereal-type boxes), tin
and aluminum, as well as newspapers, magazines
and phonebooks to the nearest recycling unit.
Replace
Replace means find other things instead of the
original things. For example, use towel instead of
tissues.
Reuse
Reusing means try using again the item you were
planning to throw away, perhaps for some other
purposes, or give it to someone else who could use it.
Reduce
•We bring lots of stuff to home. Before
bringing them to your home, think carefully whether
you really need it. Then think about what else you're
bringing home with it. (For example, is it triplewrapped in plastic or smothered with bulky,
unnecessary packaging?)
The End
Thank you for attention