Etude CREDOC

Transcript Etude CREDOC

The diffusion of information technologies in France Study conducted by CREDOC for Conseil Général des Technologies de l'Information (CGTI) and Autorité de Régulation des Communications Électroniques et des Postes (ARCEP)

Press conference 22 November 2006 1

Methodology

Survey conducted through face-to-face interviews during the month of June 2006 With 2 228 people representative of the population aged 12 years and over Describes the equipment ownership and uses of individuals (and not households) This survey was conducted for the seventh year in a row

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Equipment and access

Fixed telephony – mobile telephony – unbundling – personal computer – Internet (and obstacles to its development) - web use – television •

Uses

Increasing daily use – work or home: contrasting changes – Uses diversify •

The diffusion of technologies

Numeric inequities - Differences in use and perception depending on the generation Differences between men and women

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Equipment and access

Fixed telephony and mobile telephony Unbundling Personal computer Internet (and obstacles to its development) Web use Television

The fixed telephony equipment rate stops decreasing while the mobile telephony rate continues to grow

For the first time since the mid 1990s, the equipment rate in fixed telephony has stabilised thanks to the maturity of unbundling and "triple play" offers.

Close to one in four people now owns a mobile telephone (74% ; +4 points in one year)

Fixed and mobile telephony equipment rate of adults Scope: people aged 18 years and over

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 90 47 2000 88 55 2001 87 60 2002 Fixed telephony 86 62 2003 84 68 2004 82 70 2005 Mobile telephony 83 74 2006

Fixed telephony: unbundling imposed

Unbundling is growing: the number of adults stating that they had an unbundled telephone line doubled between June 2005 and June 2006 (from 3 to 7%).

The number of people subscribing to France Telecom and an alternative operator fell for the first time since 2000 (from 25 to 22%): this is a consequence of the development of full unbundling Breakdown of the population according to the household telephony equipment (as a %) Scope: 18 years and up 3 7 100 90 80 9 15 19 20 25 22 70 60 50 40 30 81 73 67 64 54 54 20 10 0 10 12 14 16 18 17 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 No fixed telephone France Telecom and another operator France Telecom only Other operator only

Telephony equipment

Following a period during which we observed a prefer to own both substitution effect between fixed and mobile, people now

Breakdown of the population by telephony equipment (as a %)

Scope: people aged 18 years and up 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 12 50 36 14 53 32 16 54 28 15 59 25 2003 2004 2005 No telephone Fixed only Fixed and mobile Mobile only 2006

Rise in computer equipment

The rise in computer equipment ownership in the home, while holding steady for the past three years, should see two-thirds of the population equipped by 2009. Four-fifths of teens aged 12 to 17 have a computer in the home (up 5%).

Now, 12% of the population has more than one computer in the home.

Proportion of individuals having at least one computer in the home

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 23 1998 28 1999 34 2000 36 39 46 69 50 75 2001 2002 2003 Aged 18 and up 12-17 years 2004 53 78 2005 57 83 2006

The number of individuals with an Internet connection in the home continues to grow

The number of individuals with an Internet connection in the home continues to grow (43% compared with 39% in 2005). The intention to buy access in the next 12 months has never been so high for adults (22% in 2006 compared with 16% in 2005 and 9% in 2000).

Now, two-thirds of teens aged 12 to 17 have a connection in the home.

60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 23% 28% Equipment rate of computers and Internet in the home Scope: people aged 18 and up 57% 53% 50% 46% 43% 39% 39% 34% 36% 35% 38% 30% 30% 23% 19% 14% 19% 10% 6% 4% 0% 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Computer Internet High-speed Internet

The number of individuals connecting to Internet continues to grow

We now see 55% of those 12 years and up using the web, including all the various means and locations for connections.

30 20 10 0 60 50 40 37 42 Home 2005 2006 52 55 25 27 Work or school 11 13 2 5 7 6 Public place Public place w ith ow n computer (Wi fi) Via mobile phone All connection locations

Television in the home: multi-access is confirmed

77% of adults have television using a traditional antenna, 25% by satellite, 13% by cable, 10% by digital terrestrial television and 6% by ADSL. Television on mobile telephone service has been introduced too recently to provide significant results (1% of adults report using this service and 2% plan to do so in the next 12 months).

Porportion of individuals with television access via one of the following media: (as a %)

50 40 30 20 10 0 90 80 70 60 77 25 Antenna Satellite 13 Cable 10 Digital terrestrial 7 ADSL 5 1 Internet on computer Mobile telephone

Obstacles to Internet development

Young people are more aware of the importance of protecting their personal data, and they consider this to be the leading obstacle to Internet use: for 25% of young people, insufficient protection of personal data is the leading obstacle to Internet use, compared with 20% of the entire population.

Which of the following elements do you consider to be the greatest obstacle to Internet use today?

Scope: entire population Personal data are not sufficiently protected on Internet Internet is too complicated to use Internet is not useful for daily life It's too expensive (equipment to be bought, subscriptions) After-sales service and assistance are not satisfactory The quality of the service (response times, down times, etc.) is not satisfactory None of these obstacles Don't know Total As a % 20 17 12 10 9 6 23 3 100

Chronology of equipment

The first step to entering the new technologies world involves buying a telephone (fixed or mobile).

The second is buying a computer. The third is connecting to Internet.

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 90% 47% 34% 14% 2000 88% 55% 36% 19% 2001 87% 60% 39% 23% 2002 Equipment in the home Scope: people aged 18 and up 86% 84% 68% 62% 46% 50% 35% 30% 82% 70% 53% 39% 30% 19% 2003 2004 2005

2006 83% 74% 57% 43% 38% Fixed phone Mobile phone Personnal computer Internet High-speed Internet

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Uses

- Increasingly daily use - Work or home: contrasting development - Uses diversify 14

Increasingly daily use

• • 89% of adults owning a personal computer actually use it The proportion of those using a computer or Internet daily grows strongly every year: 65% of people with a computer in the home use it every day| (+9 points over 2005) Frequency of Internet use in the home Scope: people having Internet in the home 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 48% 41% 2004 11% 56% 35% 9% Daily 2005 Less frequently Never

65% 27% 2006 8%

Work or home: contrasting development

Internet connections at work, school or public places remained stable for the second year in a row, confirming the trend revealed by the 2005 survey. This change is contrasted by an increase in equipment and connection rates in the home.

Proportion of individuals with Internet access at work or school 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 72 56 31 79 64 38 2003 12-17 year olds 2005 74 56 37 Students over 18 2006 79 47 39

16 Proportion of individuals w ith Internet access at hom e

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 40 30 49 35 55 39 2003 2004 12-17 year olds 2005 18 years and up 2006 66 43

Uses are changing (I)

We’re seeing strong growth in music downloads by young people (30% to 43% between June 2005 and June 2006). Adults are downloading more films (12% to 16% between June 2005 and June 2006), and software (30% to 36%).

Creating a web site Internet or weblog (blog) is one of the common uses of Internet which requires few skills. This activity is practiced by 9% of the population and 17% of web users. The younger the user, the more likely they are to create content on Internet (37% of 12-17 year olds, 25% of 18-25 year olds, 12% of 25-40 year olds and 8% of 40-60 year olds).

Uses are changing (II)

The success of electronic commerce was confirmed in 2006: 27% of the population and 47% of web users have made purchases on Internet during the past 12 months. 33% of the population plan to make purchases in the next 12 months.

Trust in the security of payments is growing: the percentage of adults buying on Internet who hesitate to make purchases over Internet because of fear of poor payment security declined from 41 to 36% between June 2005 and June 2006.

Administrative or taxation procedures performed over Internet are becoming more common: 59% of web users have done so in 2006 (48% in 2005 and an increase of 15 points over two years).

Uses are changing (III)

People are telephoning using new media. In June 2006, of those aged 12 and up who telephoned using Internet: • 17% used a box (Freebox, 9box, Livebox, Cbox, etc.), connected to a telephone jack • • 6% used the computer with a microphone and software like Skype or Net Meeting (or a Wengo box) Some use both methods Fixed telephone and Internet equipment with those 12 and up Own no fixed telephone Own fixed telephone, but no Internet subscription Own fixed telephone and Internet subscription . o/w: high-speed connection . o/w: telephone via ADSL (Freebox, Livebox, etc.) . o/w: telephone via computer (Skype, Messenger) 2005 2006 18% 42% 40% 30% 7% 4% 17% 39% 44% 40% 17% 6%

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The diffusion of information and communication technologies in France

- Digital inequalities - Differences between the generations - Differences in uses of information and communication technologies between men and women 20

Digital inequalities (I)

While inequalities in equipment ownership are decreasing for computers and Internet, they are still significant. They depend strongly on age, income, education and occupational group.

Aged 70 and over No higher education Income < € 900 / month Blue collar University educated Income > € 3100 / month Upper management 0

Internet equipment rate in the home - comparison 2003 / 2006

5 6 9 12 14 22 21 38 10 20 30 40 50 60 60 67 73 74 66 70 80 82 90 2003 2006

Digital inequalities (II)

Of those individuals aged 12 years and over with no access to a computer at work, school or home (close to 19 million people): • 53% are over the age of 60 • • • • 76% live alone or with one other person 88% have not completed high school 70% are unemployed (including 47% retired and 19% housewives) 54% earn less than 1 500 euros per month

The generation gap (I)

There continue to be major equipment differences between generations. Uses and frequency are also different (blogs, radio on Internet, downloads, etc.).

Generational differences in personal equipment ow nership 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 31% 74% 97% 11% 60% 73% 6% 45% 53% Mobile telephone Personnal computer Internet in the home Over age of 70 Total population Youth aged 18-24

The generation gap (II)

Three-quarters of those owning a personal computer also have Internet. Young people are more advanced when it comes to computer equipment: • 66% of those aged 12-17 own a personal computer with Internet • 21% of those aged 60-69 own a personal computer with Internet

Computer and home Internet equipement ownership by those 12 and up

100 80 17 60 20 18 13 40 20 0 66 12-17 years 53 59 50 15 18-24 years 25-39 years Computer w ith Internet 40-59 years 21 60-69 years 5 6 70 years and over Computer w ithout Internet

The gender gap

There is no significant different between men and women when it comes to information and communication technology ownership or use.

The observed differences concern downloads, telephony on IP and computer equipment purchases on Internet.

Men Women Total

Equipment

Mobile telephone Computer in the home Internet in the home

Type and frequency of use

Daily computer use in the home Software downloading Computer purchases over Internet 76% 62% 47% 60% 37% 50% 72% 57% 43% 54% 25% 34% “Equipment" covers the entire population “Type and frequency of use" covers the following populations: “Own personal computer in the home", “Computer and Internet user", “Have made purchases on Internet" 74% 60% 45% 57% 31% 43%

Questions / Answers

Françoise Roure President of the Economic and Legal Division of Conseil Général des Technologies de l'Information (CGTI)

Contact: [email protected]

or +33 (0)1 53 18 55 70

Michel Feneyrol Board Member of Autorité de Régulation des Communications Électroniques et des Postes (ARCEP)