Transcript Clinical Group - Chulabhorn Research Institute

Phylogenic subgroup
of HIV-2
This phylogenic tree
demonstrates the
multiple subgroups
within the HIV-2 viral
family.
Horizontal branch
lengths represent the
relative genetic
distances between each
group
HIV-2 predominantly
comes from western Africa
Within each subgroup of
HIV-2, there are several
countries from which
different viral strains
have originated.
There is no correlation
between the geographic
origin of an HIV-2 isolate
and its phylogenic clustering.
Geographic origins of HIV-2 strains
HIV Subtypes
Two type of HIV (genetically and
antigenically).
HIV-1 - cause of the current pandemic while
HIV-2 is found in west Africa but rarely
elasewhere.
The HIV-2 type is closely related to simian
immunodeficiency virus (SIV) found in
west Africa.
Subfamilies of retroviruses
Oncoviruses: associated with the activation of
certain cell genes leading to tumor development
Type A Mouse intracisternal type A
Type B Mouse mammary tumor virus (EUR ans USA)
Type C Murine leukemia virus
Human T cell leukemia virus types I
and II, Bovine leukemia virus
Type D Mason-Pfizer virus, SAIDS virus
Virus budding forth
from the surface of
a cell. Note how the
outer mb of the virus
is composed of the
lipid bilayer mb of
the host cell studded
with integrated
protein products
(envelope proteins)
of the virus.
Viral budding