Transcript Slide 1
PROMOTING AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SUB SAHARAN AFRICA TO ACHIEVE THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS Monty Jones, Executive Director UN presentation Presentation Outline Role of agriculture towards achievement of MDGs Regional strategies and frameworks towards reforming African agriculture to increase its productivity thereby contributing to achievement of the MDGs CAADP, FAAP FARA and SROs Conclusion Performance of African agriculture Cereal yields rose in all regions except Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) Indicators of agricultural performance show stagnation or decline in SSA SSA registered lowest growth in agricultural value added per agricultural population LEGEND: SSA – Sub Saharan Africa SA – South Asia EAP – East Asia and Pacific MENA – Middle East and North Africa LAC – Latin America and Caribbean Source: World Bank (2007) World Development Report 2008 Role of agriculture towards achievement of MDGs in SSA Goal Role of Agriculture in SSA 1. Eradicating poverty and hunger Increase in agricultural productivity and access to markets increases income, food availability and reduces food prices 7. Ensure environmental sustainability Practices that integrate sustainability; Increased productivity curbs pressure on sources of environmental services 2. Universal primary education 3. Empowerment of women Improving agricultural practices to relieve children, girls and women from labour and drudgery 4. Reduction in child mortality, 5. Maternal health improvement Raising incomes 6. Combating HIV/AIDS, malaria + other diseases Enhancing food and nutrition security Unless current trends of decline are dramatically reversed, SSA is set to become the only region that will fail to achieve MDG targets by 2015 Share of people living on less than US$1 a day (%) SSA not likely to achieve MDG targets by 2015 Sub Saharan Africa 40 South Asia 30 MDG Targets East Asia and Pacific 20 10 Latin America & Caribbean 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 Source: (World Bank 2005) 2010 2015 The African vision by AU/NEPAD Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) Regional agricultural production to grow at an annual rate of 6% by 2015. Dynamic agricultural markets among nations/region Become a net exporter of agricultural products Food available/affordable + equitable wealth distribution Strategic player in agricultural S&T development Sustainable use of natural resources The CAADP Pillars PILLAR 1 PILLAR 2 PILLAR 3 Extending the area under sustainable land and water management Improving rural infrastructure and trade-related capacities for market access Increasing food supply and reducing hunger PILLAR 4 Agricultural research, technology dissemination & adoption • Integrated natural resource management • Adoptive management of appropriate germplasm • Development of sustainable market chains • Policies for sustainable agriculture Each pillar has a lead institution responsible for developing a framework (guidelines and principles for implementation) The Framework for African Agricultural Productivity (FAAP) 1. Systematic fragmentation among innovation systems elements • Capacity weaknesses • Insufficient end-user involvement • Ineffective farmer support systems 2. Fragmented external support 3. Inadequate investment in ARD CAADP 6% growth rate in agriculture Prioritizes activities with the highest potential to impact productivity, e.g. 4% growth rate in agricultural productivity Endorsed by African Heads of State and Government in June 2006 The FAAP process Common understanding of FAAP as a tool to: Provide sound guidance for overall direction of agricultural productivity interventions Support processes that steer institutions and programs towards CAADP vision Advocate increased political support, technical, methodological support and financial support FAAP as a tool for promoting agricultural innovation 1. Evolution & reform of agricultural institutions & services Extension, research, training & education farmer FAAP interventions National (e.g. Poverty Reduction Strategies) - Response to market conditions and economic fluctuations - Knowledge sharing, synergies & feedback mechanisms - Stakeholder participation in decision making Sub-regional (e.g. WAAPP of West Africa) -use of pluralistic model - use principles of subsidiarity - cost sharing to achieve economies of scale - coordinated advocacy Regional (e.g. FARA regional initiatives) -Advocacy for investments -Partnership building -Exchange of info & learning Relationship of FARA and SROs to FAAP & CAADP AU-NEPAD SUB-REGIONAL FAAP Evolution and reform of agricultural institutions and services Increasing the scale of Africa’s agricultural productivity investments Aligned and co-ordinated financial support SADC/FANR CORAF/ WECARD FARA ASARECA Pillar 4: Agricultural research & technology dissemination Pillar 3: Food supply Pillar 2: Rural infrastructure Pillar 1: Land management CAADP AARINENA ORGANIZATIONS: Strategic Plans Operational Plans Programmes Projects FARA’s Regional Initiatives Network support function 1. Advocacy and resource mobilisation Initiative Concept FAAP Framework to guide interventions RAILS Facilitate access to information and learning DONATA Dissemination of technologies 3. Regional policies and markets ABBI Policies on emerging technologies 4. Capacity strengthening SCARDA Institutional capacity development BASIC Building Africa’s capacity to build it’s own capacity SSA-CP Promoting innovation systems approach to research PAEPARD Inter-regional collaboration between Europe and Africa 2. Access to knowledge and technologies 5. Partnerships and strategic alliances Increasing investment in African agricultural productivity programs SSA: Agricultural Research & Extension (US$ Million / year) 3,500 3,000 2,500 What is required? • Substantial increase in funding from African governments 3,250 2,500 2,000 • G8 and associated development agencies to honour commitments to increase support to African agriculture 1,500 1,000 500 500 250 250 25 0 Country Sub-Regional 2005 Proposed Global 10% Budget Allocation (2002-2004) 20 15 2002 2003 10 2004 Zimbabwe Uganda Tunisia Tanzania Swaziland Sudan Sierra Leone Senegal Niger Mozambique Mauritius Kenya Gambia Gabon Ethiopia Chad Cameroon 0 Burundi 5 Benin Tracking progress towards 10% contribution of national budgets to agriculture (2002-04) % Allocated to Agric. 25 Harmonization of external funding support Aims 1. Synchronization of support to avoid fragmentation 2. Enhancement of overall funding to national governments 3. Contribute towards comprehensive + sustained funding Mechanisms 1. Shift from project support to a programmatic approach 2. Adoption of common processes • Common financial management procedures, monitoring and evaluation and reporting and review systems 3. Multi-donor trust funds or pooling of resources Monitoring & Evaluation of FAAP FAAP and CAADP review process To be undertaken in year 2010 and 2015 To cover status of agricultural innovation across the continent FAAP monitoring and evaluation Investments in agricultural research and dissemination systems Trends in value of agricultural production, productivity, trade Trends in farmer income and poverty measures Indicators of institutional capacity and reform Number and area under new technologies Number of farmers, processors and others adopting the new technologies Policy, strategies and programs in place Number of donors coordinating and harmonizing support under FAAP Conclusion Agriculture is a fundamental instrument for achieving broad-based development in Africa and the MDGs A Vision and Framework for increasing agricultural productivity (CAADP & FAAP) are in place and have received endorsement at the highest political level. We now need to speed up their implementation; a collective task for national, regional and international actors Africa may not realise the MDGs by the target date of 2015, but with concerted effort towards the Vision it can achieve them within the lifetimes of our children!!