Transcript Labor & Delivery - FamilyConsumerSciences.com

Labor & Delivery
Types of Deliveries
1. Cesarean section: a small incision made in the lower
abdomen and uterus where the baby is delivered
2. Natural childbirth: no medications, relax the body by
using breathing techniques
3. Crouching method: squatting down and letting gravity
help deliver the baby- less chance of tearing used in
more primitive societies
4. Birth in water: becoming more popular water helps
mom relax and softens the shock of deliver for mom
5. Home delivery: still common use of midwife to help
deliver the baby mom can be relaxed because she is at
home with her family only to be used for low risk
pregnancies
Stages of Labor
1.
First Stage
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2.
Contractions open up the cervix to dilate and expand to
4 inches or 10 cm
At the beginning of this stage, contractions are about 15-30
minutes apart
Near the end of this stage, contractions are 2-4 minutes apart
and are strong and frequent.
Baby moves down into the lower pelvis and into position for
birth.
Second Stage
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3.
Contractions move baby through birth canal
Pushing stage
Third Stage
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Uterus continues to contract causing placenta to separate from
uterus
Placenta is birthed (afterbirth)
Shortest and least painful stage
Movie Break
What does a newborn look like?
• Head is large and wobbly (1/4th the baby’s entire
length) It is also pointed from the passage
through the birth canal.
• Eyes are usually dark grayish-blue at birth.
Baby’s permanent eye color becomes apparent
within several months.
• Some are born with fine, downy hair all over
their forehead, back and shoulders.
• Milia: Baby Acne (plugged oil ducts) usually
disappear in 1-2 weeks.
Fontanels:
open spaces where the bones of
the baby’s skull have not yet permanently
joined.
Apgar Scale
• A method of evaluating a newborn’s
physical condition. (rating 0-2 per category)
• Five areas: Pulse, breathing, muscle tone,
reflex to stimulation, and skin color.
• A total scale of 6-10 is considered normal.
• Apgar evaluation is given at 1 minute after
birth then again at 5 minutes after birth.
Bonding
• Newborn is placed on mom’s chest to
facilitate lifelong emotional ties.
• Colostrum: the mother’s first breast milk is
given within an hour after birth to newborn.
It is rich in antibodies and sometimes thick
in consistency.
What do BABIES do?
Eat
Sleep
Have dirty diapers
Cry
Most babies cry 2-3 hours a day for the 1st 2 -3
months of life
5 p.m. to Midnight is often a fussy time
Newborn Reflexes
• Moro Reflex: When you fail to support or hold the neck and head, the arms
of your baby will thrust outward and then seem to embrace them selves as
their fingers curl. This reflex disappears at about 2 months of age. It is also
known as the startle reflex.
• Palmar Grasp: When you touch the palm of your baby's hand, the fingers
will curl around and cling to your finger or an object.
• Plantar Grasp: This reflex occurs when you stroke the sole of your baby's
foot, his toes will spread open and the foot will turn slightly inward. It is also
known as the Babinski reflex. By the end of the first year this reflex is usually
gone.
• Sucking: While you may not believe this to be reflexive, it is. This ensures
that the baby will nurse on a breast or bottle to be fed and occurs when
something is placed in the baby's mouth. It is slowly replaced by voluntary
sucking around 2 months of age.
• Rooting Reflex: When you stroke your baby's cheek she will turn towards
you, usually looking for food. This is very useful when learning to breastfeed
your baby. This reflex is gone by about 4 months.
Reflexes Cont…
• Stepping Reflex: If you take your baby and place his feet on a flat
surface he will "walk" by placing one foot in front of the other. This
isn't really walking and will disappear by about 4 months of age.
• Tonic Neck Reflex: This is also called the fencing reflex, because
of the position the baby assumes. When you lay your baby on her
back and her head turns to one side she will extend her arm and leg
on that side while the opposite arm and leg bend, assuming a
"fencing" position. This reflex is present only until about the 4th
month.
• Swimming: If you were to put a baby under six months of age in
water, they would move their arms and legs while holding their
breath.
References
• Utah State
http://www.uen.org/Lessonplan/LPview.cgi?c
ore=20
• http://pregnancy.about.com/cs/newborns/a
/aa061801a.htm