Transcript Slide 1

Thailand – Pacific Island Countries
Forum (TPIF)
Dr. Wimonkan
Kosumas
August 9, 2014
The Sukosol,
SMEs
Constitution of enterprises by size
0.1 %
Corporate and multinatio
0.9 %
Large enterprises
5 - 10 %
20 %
65 - 75 %
Medium enterprises
Small enterprises
Micro enterprises
Source: IFC, 2009.
Note: Percentage represent the number of companies.
SMEs
Typology of SMEs by market and technology
Export
Cottage
Enterprises
Export –
oriented
Enterprises
Low
Tech
High
Tech
Domestic
Market –
oriented
Enterprises
Supporting
Enterprises
Domestic / Local
Market
Source: Uchikawa and Keola, 2009.
SMEs
Simplified SME life cycle
Profit
Grow to large firm
Maturity
Growth
Start-up
Pick-up
Loss
Decline
Exit
Years
Note: The arrows indicate that different types of support are needed at the differe
SMEs
Why SMEs are important?
SMEs are “Backbone” of the
economy.
 Create jobs and employment
 Supplier of large firm
 Diversify economy
 Income distribution
 Providing low-price products for the
underprivileged
 Innovation
Entrepreneurial activity in selected AsiaPacific countries
Nascent
entrepreneurshi
p rate
New business
ownership rate
Early-stage
entrepreneurial activity
(TEA)
7.1
7.1
12.8
10.8
3.9
14.5
7.5
1.7
9.1
9
4.8
13.4
China
10.1
14.2
24.0
Malaysia
2.5
2.5
4.9
Russian Federation
2.4
2.3
4.6
Thailand
8.3
12.2
19.5
Factor - driven
economies
Bangladesh
Iran (Islamic Republic
of)
Pakistan
Average (unweighted)
Efficiency – driven
economies
Entrepreneurial activity in selected Asia-Pacific
countries (Cont.)
Nascent
entrepreneurshi
p rate
New business
ownership rate
Early-stage
entrepreneurial activity
(TEA)
Australia
6.0
4.7
10.5
Japan
3.3
2.0
5.2
Republic of Korea
2.9
5.1
7.8
Singapore
3.8
2.8
6.6
3.6
4.4
7.9
4.0
3.0
6.9
Innovation - driven
economies
Taiwan Province of
China
Source: GEM, 2012.
Average (unweighted)
SMEs
How SME fits into global supply chains:
Original equipment
manufacturer
(large firm, perhaps
TNC)
First tier Supplier
(large firm, perhaps
TNC)
First tier Supplier
(large firm)
Second tier
Supplier
(large firm)
Second tier
Supplier
(SME)
Third tier
Supplier
(SME)
Third tier
Supplier
(SME)
Source: UNIDO, 2001.
Fourth tier
Supplier
Third tier
Supplier
(large firm)
Fourth tier
Supplier
SMEs and The Changing
World Factors
Changing
SMEs and The Changing
World
SMEs Issue:
Type of SME internationalization
Internationalized
firms
Foreign suppliers
Foreign
subsidiaries
Joint-Research
Joint-Marketing
FDI
Export
Born
Joint-Venture
Born Global
Consultancy
Services
Lab + Testing
Legal Firms
Software
SMEs
Internationalization
Structure
Website / E-mail
International
Customer
Relations
Technology
Transfer
International
Association
Membership
Consultancy
International
Business Culture
Foreign
Partners
SME
Internationalization
Technology
Reverse
Engineering
Investment
Joint Venture
Foreign Direct Investment
Trade
Fair
Participation
Export
Market
Oversea
Sale
Representative
Office
Overall image of SMEs
Internationalization
Number of Activities
Difficulty of Activities
Type A
Domestic SMEs
Type B
Go-global SMEs
Foreigner Business Partners
- Joint Venture
- Import Technologies
- Employ Foreign Experts and/or
Workers
International / Regional Supply Chain
management
- Sourcing raw materials from local resources
- Produce goods / services to be used as
parts / components in oversea parent
company
Comply to International
Standards and Practices
Investment
Abroad
Learning and
Understanding
International
Business Culture
International Standard
Management
Number of SMEs
Overseas
Representative
Office
Export
Number of SMEs
SMEs in Global
Source: EIU Study 2012
SMEs in Global
SME Accelerates Promotion Plan for Value Chain
Organic Products
Processed Food
Ready to eat
Raw Materials
Agriculture
Electroni
cs
Part & Component ProductionReverse Engineering
Assembly
Raw Materials
Vegetable oils
Oil for secondary industry
Oil
Vegetable
Oil
Tour Package / Rental Services
Tourist Guide / Sevounir /
Tourist
Restaurant
and
Hospital / Clinic
Related
/ Medical Tourism / Medical
Industry Herb / Spa
Hub
Health
Care
Packaging Industry
Chemica
l
[Plastic]
Raw Material / Plastic
Green and Clean Processed Fo
Certified and Standard Guarant
Innovative R&D
- High Technology Gadget
- High Technology Equipment
Cosmetics /
Pharmaceutic
als
Halal Tourism / Performing Arts
Environmental Tour
Medical Devices
New Synthetic Material / Nano-
Access to Information and Advisory Services for
SME
Service Center Network
SMEs
(Thailand)
Naresuan University
• Service Center for Lower Northern
Part and Central Part
Khon Kaen University
• Service Center for Middle NorthEastern Part and Gateway to GMS
Khon Kaen University,
Nong Khai Province Campus
Nakorn Panom University
Ubon Ratchathani University
Ubon Ratchathani University,
Mukdahan Province Campus
Surin Rajabhat University
Nakhon Sri Thammarat
Rajabhat University
• Service Center for Upper NorthEastern Part and Gateway to GMS
• Service Center for Middle NorthEastern Part and Gateway to Lao
PDR., Upper Vietnam and Lower
China
• Service Center for Middle NorthEastern Part and Gateway to Lower
Vietnam
• Service Center for Middle NorthEastern Part and Gateway to Middle
Vietnam
• Service Center for Lower NorthEastern Part and Gateway to
Cambodia
• Service Center for Lower NorthEastern Part
Burapa University
• Service Center for Industries and
Exportation
Kanjanaburi Rajabhat University
• Service Center and Gateway to
Myanmar
Prince of Songkhla University
• Service Center for Southern Part and
Gateway to Malaysia
Access to Information and Advisory Services for
SMEs
Diagram on how data and information be transferred and collected
Trade and Investment Information
SME
Service Center A
SME
Service Center B
SME
Service Center C
SME
OSMEP
Service Center D
SME
SME
SME Needs
Access to Information and Advisory Services
SME Service Center Network
(Thailand)
Example center in network:
Khon Kaen University has joined into the network
since 2010, it had been considered as the first service
center in our system. Not only the university has the
science park, which provide:
• Workshop
• Advisory services
• Lab testing
• Technologies and tools for incubating and
supporting SMEs,
but also well-known as a business information
hub in the northeast region of Thailand and for the
neighbor ASEAN member states in the Great Mekong
Sub-region; GMS
Access to Information and Advisory Services
SME Service Center Network
(Thailand)
Example: Khon Kaen University Potential:
•
Khon Kaen University Science Park offers businesses’ technology leverage in OneStop Service
The specialist consultant services; seeking technology from domestic and
foreign, matching technology and business negotiations, R&D searching service,
and establishing a linkage to other related services such as low interest loans, the
business incubation, intellectual property services, venture capital matching, etc.
SPKKU provides technology consulting services and data of research and
development, Including, integrate innovations of Both the Ministry of Science and
Technology and the university/academia.
•
Business incubation services
Provide services to support individuals from start-up to SME size by promote
the innovation and technology adoption in products and services to enhance
production in the supply chain and develop products or processes with confident
Increasing and trust in the businesses. Service Details are as follows.
- Find information and business networking
- Business consulting services
- Training to enhance skills for entrepreneurs
- Export promotion
- Promotion and marketing support services
Access to Information and Advisory Services
SME Service Center Network
(Thailand)
Example: Khon Kaen University Potential:
•
•
•
•
•
Service in intellectual property protection.
Provide intellectual property service (IP Service) for various types of
intellectual property protection and licensing of technology (Technology Licensing)
to lead to private sector investment.
financial support
Provide expert advice and financial benefit information of credit and low
interest loans to SME in order to invest in R & D
Metrological service coordination between public and private
Be a coordination center of metrology between public and private sectors by
organizing training and seminars on metrology operations. Moreover, there is
cooperation with National Institute of Metrology to support the calibration services
for instrumentation in various fields and development services in other related
areas in order to serve the needs of industries in the Northeastern.
Expertise services
Provide a expertise in the business incubation and research in various
subject areas to support and encourage a steadily business growth.
Laboratory Service Center
Provide a service examination, calibration, training, and advice in various
fields with experienced scientists.
Online Information
and Database
Testing Labs
Business Consulting
Seminar & Workshop