Transcript Document
Definitions Systems and Software Engineering — Vocabulary ISO/IEC 24765* • Software – Computer programs, procedures, and possibly associated documentation and data pertaining to the operation of a computer system. (ISO/IEC 24765) • Software Engineering – The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software; that is, the application of engineering to software. (ISO/IEC 24765) Web site – http://pascal.computer.org/sev_display/index.action * This document will replace IEEE 610.12-1990, IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Terminology, which was contributed by the IEEE as a source document. 7/18/2015 2 Systems and Software Engineering — Vocabulary ISO/IEC 24765 • Quality – 1. The degree to which a system, component, or process meets specified requirements. (ISO/IEC 24765) – 2. The degree to which a system, component, or process meets customer or user needs or expectations. (ISO/IEC 24765) – 3. The totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated and implied needs. (ISO/IEC 9126-1:2001 Software engineering -- Product quality -- Part 1: Quality model.) – 4. Conformity to user expectations, conformity to user requirements, customer satisfaction, reliability, and level of defects present. (ISO/IEC 20926:2003 Software engineering -- IFPUG 4.1 Unadjusted functional size measurement method) – 5. The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfils requirements. (IEEE standard -A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) -- Third Edition.) 7/18/2015 3 Systems and Software Engineering — Vocabulary ISO/IEC 24765 • Quality Assurance (QA) – 1. A planned and systematic pattern of all actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that an item or product conforms to established technical requirements (ISO/IEC 24765). – 2. A set of activities designed to evaluate the process by which products are developed or manufactured. (ISO/IEC 24765) • Quality Control (QC) – 1. A set of activities designed to evaluate the quality of developed or manufactured products. (ISO/IEC 24765) – 2. The process of verifying one's own work or that of a co-worker. (ISO/IEC 24765) 7/18/2015 4 Systems and Software Engineering — Vocabulary ISO/IEC 24765 • Defect. – A product anomaly. (IEEE 982.1-1988 IEEE Standard Dictionary of Measures to Produce Reliable Software). – An imperfection or deficiency in a project component where that component does not meet its requirements or specifications and needs to be either repaired or replaced. (A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) -- Third Edition) – A problem which, if not corrected, could cause an application to either fail or to produce incorrect results. (ISO/IEC 20926:2003 Software engineering -- IFPUG 4.1 Unadjusted functional size measurement method -- Counting practices manual). See also: fault. – EXAMPLE • Omissions and imperfections found during early life cycle phases • Faults contained in software sufficiently mature for test or operation. 7/18/2015 5 ISO/IEC 12207* • Quality Assurance – All the planned and systematic activities implemented within the quality system, and demonstrated as needed, to provide adequate confidence that an entity will fulfil requirements for quality – NOTE 1- There are both internal and external purposes for quality assurance: a) Internal quality assurance: within an organization, quality assurance provides confidence to management; b) External quality assurance: in contractual situations, quality assurance provides confidence to the customer or others. NOTE 2 - Some quality control and quality assurance actions are interrelated. NOTE 3- Unless requirements for quality fully reflect the needs of the user, quality assurance may not provide adequate confidence. – – • Software Quality Assurance Process – The purpose of the Software Quality assurance process is to provide assurance that work products and processes comply with predefined provisions and plans * ISO/IEC 12207: 2008 - Standard for Information Technology-Software Life Cycle Processes 7/18/2015 6 Capability Maturity Model Integration • Quality – The ability of a set of inherent characteristics of a product, product component, or process to fulfill requirements of customers. • Quality Assurance (QA) – A planned and systematic means for assuring management that the defined standards, practices, procedures, and methods of the process are applied. • Quality Control (QC) – The operational techniques and activities that are used to fulfill requirements for quality. (See also “quality assurance.”) • Process and Product Quality Assurance (PPQA) – The purpose PPQA is to provide staff and management with objective insight into processes and associated work products. Developed by the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) 7/18/2015 7 • Quality (Best Practice – Continuously Verify Quality) – The characteristics of having demonstrated the achievement of producing a product which meets or exceeds agreed-upon requirements, as measured by an agreed-upon process. 1. 2. Meeting requirements Identifying measures and criteria – 3. to demonstrate the achievement of quality Implementation of a process – – to ensure the resulting product has achieved the desired degree of quality to ensure that it can be repeated and managed Source: Rational, Best Practices of Software Engineering 7/18/2015 8 Quality Assurance Quality assurance consists of those procedures, techniques, and tools applied by professionals to ensure that a product meets or exceeds prespecified standards during it’s development cycle. E.H. Bersoff, 1984 7/18/2015 9