Transcript Estrategia Internacional de UNEP

Introducing the
Enabling developing countries
to seize eco-labelling opportunities
Capacity building and technical assistance for industries
and governments in developing economies
UNEP mandate
Environment for Development
• Assess the state of the world’s environment & understand
environmental challenges (GEO);
• Stimulate solutions to environmental problems
 Promoting coherent International Environmental Law
 Facilitating the development, implementation and
evolution of norms and standards
• Build capacity and networks to enable implementing solutions
Six priorities and their objectives
• To strengthen the ability
of countries to integrate
climate change
responses into national
development processes
• that countries utilize the
ecosystem approach to
enhance human wellbeing
• that environmental
governance at country,
regional and global
levels is strengthened to
address agreed
environmental priorities
Climate Change
Ecosystem
management
Environmental
governance
• that natural resources
are produced, processed
and consumed in a more
environmentally
sustainable way
• to minimize the impact
of harmful substances
and hazardous waste on
the environment and
human beings
• to minimize
environmental threats to
human well-being arising
from the environmental
causes and
consequences of
conflicts and disasters
Resource Efficiency
- SCP
Harmful
substances and
Hazardous Wastes
Disasters and
conflicts
Sustainable Consumption and Production
(SCP)
Resource efficiency and sustainable lifestyles
Underlying
drivers for
consumption
Identifying
obstacles &
opportunities
Influencing and
advancing
sustainable
consumption and
production
patterns
Improving process,
products 
business
Modernizing infrastructure
and policy framework
 governments
Creating awareness,
dialogues and reflection
 consumer groups
Old way
Current economic development system is
based on:
• Promoting increased consumption of goods and
services
• Thus requiring increased production of goods and
services
• Thus entailing ever increasing requirement of
materials and energy
• Causing immense pressure on the natural resource
base
HOW LONG AND HOW FAR?
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If we go on with current production and consumption
patterns
Two planets would be needed by 2050
1900
2015
2050
2100
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Need for an alternative economic
development system
• Aimed at improving the ‘well-being’ of people
• Alternative means of ‘meeting the needs’ of people, which:
 are more resource efficient (Cleaner Production, Eco-efficiency)
 Sustain non-declining utility of the natural capital
• Links economic development with social and environmental
aspects
 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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Another way
Sustainable
resource
management
Waste
Management
Design for
sustainability
Sustainable
lifestyles
D4S
Sustainable
Products based
on life cycle
Sustainable
marketing
Sustainable
procurement
Cleaner
production &
Resource
Efficiency
Sustainable
transport
Eco-labelling
and
certification
Why?
• Complex product composition
• Globalized supply chain – opportunities for influencing the
entire supply chain but also difficult to control inputs to the
final product
• Complexity of environmental impacts
• Impacts shifting from one step in the life cycle to another
Taking the whole life cycle into account allows to take
holistic approach and improve impacts overall
Information tools
• Information tools are the ways to communicate the
assessment results
• Voluntary initiatives to demonstrate
environmental/sustainability qualities of products  a form of
assurance
• They are called different names: private/voluntary standards,
certification standards, eco-labels, declarations, reporting
 consumer-oriented information systems supported by
detailed procedures and backed by governance structure
Purpose
• Business:
- control performance through the supply chain  supply chain
/risk management tool
- communicate environmental credentials  marketing tool to
different products
• Consumers:
 Visual shopping guide  action tool
• Governments :
 provide market incentive to produce sustainable goods and
services
 stimulate the demand for sustainable products through
supportive measures such as public procurement  policy tool
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How they function
• Provide information on the world behind the products
• Use environmental and ethical values of consumers as a
market incentive for producers to improve their
environmental and social performance
• Provide competitive advantage for producers in the market
place
• Dynamic displacement process  continuous environmental
improvement
Information systems: landscape
mandatory
declaration of
contents
usage /disposal
information
voluntary
others
certificate of
conformity
ISO-Type III
EPD
product
labelling
ISO-Type II
(self declaration)
ISO-Type I
(Eco-label)
‘Classical‘
ISO-Type I
(Blue Angel,
EU-Flower)
national/regional
Individual
company/industry
ISO-Type I
‚like‘
(MSC, FSC)
international
industry/national
Type I eco-labels
• ISO 14024, environmental multi-criteria (lifecycle thinking),
multi-sectoral , third party certified
 B2C: an easy aid for consumers
 Leadership label: criteria are applicable for only a certain
segment of the market
Type I–like eco-labels
• ISO Type I-like, often referred to as certification schemes or
sustainability labelling
• Similar to Type I, main difference: focus on specific impacts
(e.g. energy consumption, agricultural practice) and applied
to a specific sector (energy using appliances, agricultural
commodities).
• Unlike type I, they often look at social standards too.
• Designed as baseline criteria for sector-wide uptake
Type II – self-declarations
• ISO 14021, self-declared, individual
companies standards: large retailers or
industries
• Mostly second-party certified (internal
auditing)
• Communicated as sub-brand, increasingly use
third party certification or certify their
branded products with third-party schemes
Type III – product declarations
 ISO 14025, environmental product declarations, similar to
nutritional values matrix, based on LCA
 B2B and B2C: through the supply chain or on certain durable
products
 Popularity of carbon footprinting but growing recognition to
move beyond carbon
 E.g France: CFP by major retailers in France and plans to
introduce values of other impacts too and make such
declarations compulsory with time
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Project background
1. SCP is a global challenge: emerging global consumer class
increasingly worried about the environment
2. Trade offers the opportunity of improving environmental
performance of products around the world leveraging on
consumers’ demand for environmentally preferable
products.
1. Voluntary information schemes – a market reality with
strategic importance
2. an important SCP element – interface between production
and consumption patterns
Objective 1: Increase number of export products from target
countries: Brazil, China, India, Kenya/Ethiopia, Mexico, South
Africa awarded with a type 1 eco-label through capacity building
and technical assistance
Objective 2: Develop a roadmap towards greater cooperation
and mutual recognition of eco-labelling schemes
4-year project co-funded by the EuropeAid of the European
Commission and the Federal Ministry for Economic
Cooperation and Development (Germany)
Key challenges:
• Information: access to coherent, credible and clear
information about eco-labelling programs, requirements and
markets
• Capacity building: comprehensive, coordinated and needsbased support to develop sustainable enterprises
• Policy framework: integration in supportive policy framework
Opportunities for participating
countries
1. To produce high value products: environment
2. To increase the international competitiveness and enhance
market access for their finished products
3. To reduce the environmental impacts of the manufacturing
industries
4. To improve the regional economic integration
5. To be a frontrunner in respect to the other countries
The Team
Coordinator: UNEP DTIE, Sustainable Consumption and Production Branch
International partners and associates
• InWent – Internationale Weiterbildung und Entwicklung gGmbH,
Capacity Building International (Germany)
• Global Eco-labelling Network (GEN)
• UBA: the Federal Environmental Agency (Germany)
National partners and associates
• Foreign Trade Secretariat of Brazil (SECEX)
• Sino-Japan Friendship Environmental Protection Centre (EDC) - China
• Consumer Unit & Trust Society (CUTS) - India
• National Institute for Standards and Certification (INMC) - Mexico
• Kenya National Cleaner Production Centre (KNCPC) - Kenya
• Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) through its
National Cleaner Production Centre (SA NCPC) - South Africa.
Project Implementation Process
2.
Capacity
Building
3.
Technical
Assistance
1.
Background
and
Assessment
4.
Cooperation
among eco-labelling schemes
5.
Conclusion,
dissemination
and bases
for project
replication
activities
Results achieved so far:
 Motivated project team
 Assessment studies: legal and market situation, needs and
recommendations (selection of the label and strategies)
 SA decided to develop an eco-labelling programme, Ethiopia
- to join
 Higher awareness and engagement of stakeholders
 Training material developed, e-learning course
 Pool of experts: 25 trained to become experts on ecolabelling and EU eco-label
 16 training workshops each attended at least by 25 people
 At least 1 company in each country to apply for the label
 Requests for extension and replication
Products groups and the EU eco-label
Textiles (India, South Africa)
Footwear (Mexico, Kenya)
Paper (Brazil)
Electric appliances (China)
What is next?
• Technical assistance to the companies in each target countries
• TA to governments for the development of policies for eco-labelling
promotion
• Continue working with eco-labelling bodies to encourage stronger
cooperation and engagement with developing countries
• Regional conferences to disseminate the results
• Record the lessons learned and guide for companies from
developing countries
• Replicate the approach in other countries
Expected results
• Strengthened capacity on eco-labelling among key
industry’s, and governments’ representatives
• At least one product in the process of obtaining the
EU Eco-label
• Increased attention of governments and other
stakeholders to the question of promoting ecolabelling
• Synergies created with the development of an other
regional initiatives and Global Eco-labelling Network
Thank you
for your attention!
Liazzat Rabbiosi
UNEP DTIE, SCP Branch
e-mail: [email protected]
Tel. +33 144 37 1490