Transcript Slajd 1 - ISMAN

Warsaw University of Technology,
Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering,
Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION
OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
Krystyna Lublińska, Andrzej Szummer, Krzysztof Jan Szpila, Krzysztof Jan Kurzydłowski
[email protected]
8th May, Lisse
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
OUTLINE
1. Introduction
2. Research goals
3. Investigated materials and research techniques
4. Results
5. Conclusions
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HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
BASIC INFORMATION
Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering
Warsaw University of Technology
• independent faculty since 1991
• institute since 1920
The Faculty is currently carrying out 23 joint research projects with
19 foreign partners, which include:
• Waterloo University, Canada
• Beijing Polytechnic University, China
• Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
• Universite Paris-Sud XI, France
• Ecole des Mines de St. Etienne, France
• Dortmund University, Germany
• Max Planck Institut fur Metallforshung in Stuttgart, Germany
• Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary
• Moscow State University, Russia
• Institutes of Physics of the Slovakian Academy of Sciences
• Ulsan University, South Korea
• Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
• Oxford University, UK
• Department of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, UK
• Cornell University, USA
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Warsaw
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
structural steels
hydrogen degradation
(hydrogen corrosion)
microstructural changes
clad plates
disbonding
differences in:
diffusion and solutibility of
hydrogen
temperature
crystalographic structure
reduction of useful properties
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R. Paschold, L. Karlsson, M. F. Gittos, „Disbonding of Austenitic Weld Overlays in Hydroprocessing Applications”, Svetsaren no. 1 – 2007, 10-15
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
FCC vs. BCC
austenite
10-15 m2/s
ferrite
low
hydrogen diffusion coefficient
high
hydrogen solutibility
high 8,46·10-11 m2/s
low
LOCAL
SUPERSATURATION
OF HYDROGEN
5/23
DISBONDING
www-ee.ccny.cuny.edu
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
RESEARCH GOALS
1. Investigation of influence of cathodic hydrogen on
microstructure of the interface of clad plate (304L/13CrMo4-5)
2. Determination of influence of heat treatment on hydrogen
corrosion of the interface of clad plate (304L/13CrMo4-5)
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HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
INVESTIGATED MATERIALS
Chemical composition [wt %]
C
Si
Mn
S
Cr
Ni
Mo
304L
0,019
0,34
1,68
0,001
18,27
8,11
-
13CrMo4-5
0,15
0,25
0,59
0,015
0,83
0,093
0,49
3 mm of austenitic stainless steel (304L)
304L
15 mm of low alloy steel (13CrMo4-5)
13CrMo4-5
Claded plates were manufactured during intership at ZTM „EXPLOMET” in Opole, Poland
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HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
ANNEALING
• 1223K (950°C)
• 1 hour
• argon atmosphere
• cooled with furnace
RESEARCH TECHNIQUES
• light microscopy
• scanning electron microscopy
• shear tests (according to ASTM SA-264)
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HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
EXPERIMENTAL - HYDROGEN CHARGING
Hydrogen charging parameters:
_
As2O3 addition (hydrogen entry
promoter),
•
ambient temperature,
•
current density: 50mA/cm2
•
time: 18 hours
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_
+
power
supply
(i – const.)
304L +
platinium
anode
0,5M H2SO4 solution, with 1mg/dm3
specimen
•
13CrMo4-5
H2SO4 + As2O3
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
polisched, unetched, uncharged sample
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HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
EFFECT OF HYDROGEN CHARGING
hydrogen induced blisters
in 13CrMo4-5 steel
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hydrogen induced blisters with microcracks
in 13CrMo4-5 steel
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
EFFECT OF HYDROGEN CHARGING
XRD patterns of 304 steel
a) 20h after
hydrogen charging,
18 h, 0.1 A/cm2
b) directly after
hydrogen
charging, 18 h, 0.1
A/cm2
c) without
hydrogen
charging
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A. Szummer ,”Hydrogen Degradation of Ferrous Alloys” USA (1985), 512
304
a)
b)
c)
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
EFFECT OF HYDROGEN CHARGING
hydrogen induced microcracks (intergranular and transgranular) in 304L steel
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HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
EFFECT OF HYDROGEN CHARGING
13CrMo4-5
304L
13CrMo4-5
304L
13CrMo4-5
304L
304L
unannealed, hydrogen charged
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304L
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
EFFECT OF ANNEALING
304L
13CrMo4-5
13CrMo4-5
304L
unannealed
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annealed
6/xx
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
EFFECT OF ANNEALING
304L
13CrMo4-5
unannealed
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13CrMo4-5
304L
annealed
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
EFFECT OF ANNEALING
304L
304L
13CrMo4-5
13CrMo4-5
unannealed
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annealed
6/xx
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
EFFECT OF ANNEALING
304L
13CrMo4-5
13CrMo4-5
unannealed
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304L
annealed
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
EFFECT OF ANNEALING AND HYDROGEN CHARGING
304L
304L
304L 13CrMo4-5
13CrMo4-5
13CrMo4-5
unannealed
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annealed
304L
13CrMo4-5
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
SHEAR TESTS RESULTS
Shear strenght loss: Z = (RtN – RtH) ∙ 100%/ RtN, where:
RtN – shear strenght of uncharged sample,
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RtH – shear strenght of hydrogen charged sample.
HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
SHEAR TESTS RESULTS
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uncharged, unannealed
hydrogen charged, unannealed
uncharged, annealed
hydrogen charged, annealed
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HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
CONCLUSIONS
Hydrogen causes significant changes in microstructure in the flyer layer
(surface microcracks and blisters) and base layer (blisters) of the
investigated clad plates.
Strong detoriation of microstructure, caused by explosion cladding,
increases susceptibility to increased hydrogen embritllement in the thin
layer of austenitic stainless steels along the interface.
Annealing allows to avoid formation of brittle area along the interface,
produce more homogeneous material and reduces the negative effect of
hydrogen.
Annealing, which removes the high deformation of grains, allows to
fabricate a clad plate, which may work in enviroment with hydrogen
presence.
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HYDROGEN DEGRADATION OF EXPLOSION CLADDED STEELS
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION
23/23