Transcript Slide 1
Characteristics of Communication Week 3 Gregoria Arum Yudarwati 1 Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id Discussion 1 Identify the characteristics of communication! 2 Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id Characteristics of Communication 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The symbolic nature of communication The intentional nature of communication Communication planned behaviour The transactional nature of communication The contextual nature of communication Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id 1. The symbolic nature of communication Human symbolic activities – activities of using symbols A sign is something which stands for another thing. For example : (1) symptom (a cough is a symptom that someone maybe sick) (2) symbols (deliberately created to represent something) (3) ritual (it is a bit of symptom but also a bit of symbols) Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id 2. The Intentional nature of communication The meaning is stimulated but is it stimulated intentionally? Intentionally seems necessary to identify behaviour as communication behaviour. It is to differentiate communication from perception. Perception is an important part of communication, but not all perceptions involve communcation Communication is a social rather that an individual process Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id 3. Communication as planned behaviour Viewing communication as planned behaviour , in essence, makes it clear that intentions are necessary element of communication process A plan is a set of behaviours which the person believes will accomplish a purpose Two types communication plan : verbal plans and nonverbal plans Messages are symbolic behaviours which are shaped and energised by communication plan Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id 4. The Transactional nature of communication Communication involves people sending each other messages which reflect the motivation of the participants Communication is a process of mutual influence in which participants’ motivations interact A give and take in communication Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id 5. The contextual nature of communication Communication is contextual A communication context is a type of situation in which communication occurs Communication contexts include: interpesonal (communication between two people) Small group (communication involving several people) Organisational (communication within and between organisation) Public (a speaker addressing a large audience) Mass (communication which is mediated by mass media) Intercultural (communication between people of Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id different cultures) COMMUNICATION PROCESS SENDER Self concept Family Culture Skills Feelings Attitudes Values CHANNEL MESSAGE INTERFERENCE FEEDBACK RECEIVER Self concept Family Culture Skills Feelings Attitudes Values CONTEXT Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id Elements of communication 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Sender Message Receiver Feedback Channel Context or setting Interference or noise Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id SENDER Individuals who react to situation, interpreting ideas, and filtering experiences through their own perception The sender encodes an idea or feeling in words or signs that the receiver will recognize and transmits this message to the receiver Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id MESSAGE The idea or feeling transmitted from the sender to the receiver to achieve understanding. It makes connection between sender and receiver. Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id RECEIVER The receiver decodes or interprets the message to achieve understanding. There is a perception process. PERCEPTION = the way people understand or give meaning to their environment. – experience, attitudes, beliefs, expectations, etc Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id FEEDBACK It is a the receiver’s response to the sender’s message, can be intentional or intentional. It gives the communication continuity It indicates understanding or misunderstanding of the message It stimulates further communication and discussion Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id CHANNEL A communication channel is the means or technique used to signal or convey a message. It is the vehicle for the message. It can be internal and external channel Information technology provides a fast channel. IT is used to store, send, receive and present information Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id CONTEXT It consists of the situation, circumstances or setting within which communication takes place It plays an important part in encoding & decoding process. Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id INTERFERENCE OR NOISE The message is received is not the same as the message sent because of the noise or interference interrupts intended message. It leads to misunderstanding and cause communication barriers. Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id COMMUNICATION BARRIERS Communication barriers are caused by : Inappropriate choice of words Inappropriate channel Inappropriate message Receiver inattention Lack of courtesy by the sender/receiver Nonverbal that doesn’t support the words Different culture background Poor layout and presentation Inappropriate timing Inadequate feedback Jl. Babarsari 44 Yogyakarta 55281 Telp. +62-274-487711 Fax. +62-274-487748 www.uajy.ac.id