Transcript The NLLEA/PIRE Partnership: How are we doing and where are

Alcohol and Community
Education Seminar:
Working with Law Enforcement
Rebecca Ramirez, MPH
National Liquor Law
Enforcement Association
July 10, 2012
National Liquor Law
Enforcement Association
• State, Provincial, County, Municipal & Campus
Law Enforcement Personnel
– Approximately 1,100 sworn and non-sworn
officers with more than 100 member agencies
– Vested interest in liquor law enforcement
• 501(c)6 non-profit association
– Formed in 1987
– Unaffiliated with the alcohol industry
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Alcohol Regulation in the United States
21st Amendment
 The 21st Amendment of the U.S. Constitution explicitly
gives states a substantial role in regulating the alcohol
trade.
“The transportation or importation into any state,
territory, or possession of the United States for
delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in
violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.”
 After the end of Prohibition, each state was responsible
for creating a structure to regulate the distribution, sales
and consumption of alcoholic beverages.
 License and control states
 Licensing, enforcement, and adjudication powers
Alcohol Law Enforcement Overview
• Underage Compliance Checks
• Sales to Intoxicated Persons Operations
• Support for Sobriety Checkpoints
• Undercover Operations (gangs, drugs, corruption,
gambling, prostitution)
• Nuisance Abatement
• Retail Licensee Training
Ratio of Licensees to Agents
Councilman Vacca - Too Few
State Liquor Agents For NYC
CBS 22, February 22, 2012
Councilman James Vacca says it's like spit in the ocean, the number of
state liquor authority agents assigned to all of New York City.
According to a Daily News report, it amounts to 11 for 35,000 bars and
nightclubs…
For case referrals, Vacca says the agency has come to rely upon the
NYPD which itself has fewer personnel than just a few years ago. "I
cannot remember a time when I've seen a state liquor authority
inspector checking underage drinking compliance. I can tell you that the
efforts of the New York City police department are to be applauded,"
said Vacca…
He says the agency has long been understaffed and agents need to be
out there in force, and invisible.
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Deterrence Theory
Three key components:
1.The perceived likelihood that a
violation will lead to apprehension;
2.The perceived swiftness with which a
penalty will be imposed; and
3.The extent of the penalty.
General Alcohol
Enforcement Approaches
Routine Enforcement: Compliance Checks,
Bar Inspections, etc.
The objectives of these operations are to educate licensees and to increase the
overall compliance of on- and off-premise locations with all alcohol laws.
Targeted Data Driven Enforcement: Problem Bars
Data based, intensive enforcement at bars
seen as the source of impaired driving and other alcohol-related calls for service (e.g.,
fights, disturbing the peace, etc.)
Enhanced Enforcement and Educational Operations
Seasonal enforcement programs to address problem times and locations.
Reducing Underage Drinking: A
Collective Responsibility
The effectiveness of alcohol control policies
depends heavily on the “intensity of
implementation and enforcement and on the
degree to which the intended targets are
aware of both the policy and its
enforcement.”
(NRC, IOM, 2003 page 164).
Underage Enforcement
Operations
• Compliance Checks/Decoy
Operations
• Shoulder Tap Operations
• Party Patrol/Party Dispersal
• Cops in Shops
• Fake ID Investigations – Use and
Manufacturing
Research Behind Enforcement
Initiatives: Underage Drinking
• CDC Community Preventive Services Task Force -Enhanced Enforcement of Laws Prohibiting Sale of
Alcohol to Minors: Systematic Review of Effectiveness
for Reducing Sales and Underage Drinking (2007)
– Eight studies included in review (including three that measured
effects on alcohol consumption)
– During enhanced enforcement programs, the proportion of
decoys’ buy attempts that were completed decreased by a
median of 42% and there were “beneficial changes in underage
alcohol consumption”
– Mediating factors – intensity of enforcement program and
associated publicity efforts
– Effects decay substantially if enforcement efforts are
discontinued
Over Service/Other AlcoholRelated Enforcement Strategies
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Sales to Intoxicated Person Operations
Alcohol-Related Fatality Investigations
Place of Last Drink Data
Nuisance Locations
– Involvement of other agencies
Research Behind Enforcement
Initiatives: Over Service of Alcohol
• CDC Community Preventive Services Task Force –
Preventing excessive alcohol consumption: overservice
law enforcement initiatives (2010)
– Two studies : “insufficient evidence to document the
effectiveness of overservice law enforcement initiatives”
– One study (with greater intensity of enhanced enforcement)
found service to pseudo-intoxicated patrons decreased 28.5% in
intervention vs. control settings and people arrested for DUI (with
last drink in a bar or restaurant) decreased by 26.5%
– The estimated effects on the most reliable health outcome –
those related to DUI – showed beneficial effects in both studies.
Sales to Intoxicated Persons
(SIP) Enforcement
Place of Last Drink Notices - 2001
Place of Last Drink Notices - 2010
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Public Health and Public Safety
• Can go hand-in-hand
• Strategies to improve one area can
overlap with the other
• Alcohol-related crime
Ideas to Consider…
If law enforcement can’t currently
implement any of these strategies:
•Increase awareness of the problems
– Pseudo-underage compliance checks
– Pseudo-intoxicated purchase attempts
– Efforts must be accompanied by media
advocacy
•Help build support for increased resources
dedicated to alcohol enforcement units and
strategies
Challenges for Public Health/Law
Enforcement Partnerships
• Respecting institutional cultures
• Working to understand preconceived ideas
about the goals/approaches of each field
• An implicit agreement to not force
a position on some issues, but the
ability to at least have the conversation
For More Information:
Rebecca Ramirez, MPH
Executive Director
National Liquor Law Enforcement Association
11720 Beltsville Dr., Ste. 900
Calverton, MD 20705 USA
301-755-2795
[email protected]
www.nllea.org