Transcript Hemorrhagic stroke - Sveučilište u Zagrebu Medicinski

Hemorrhagic stroke
Alternative names
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brain bleeding
brain hemorrhage
stroke – hemorrhagic
hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease
Definition
• Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood
vessel bursts inside the brain.
• 20% of strokes are hemorrhagic
Types of hemorrhagic stroke
• intracerebral hemorrhage
• subarachnoid hemorrhage
Worldwide statistics
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WHO: 15 million people suffer a stroke each year
5 million die
5 million permanently disabled.
high blood pressure contributes to over 12.7 million
strokes worldwide
Europe: approximately 650,000 stroke deaths each year
risk of stroke in blacks: almost twice that of whites
in developed countries incidence of stroke declining due
to efforts to lower blood pressure and reduce smoking
overall rate of stroke high due to the aging of the
population
Causes
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high blood pressure- hypertension (ICH)
trauma
infections
tumors
blood-clotting deficiencies
abnormalities in blood vessels (arteriovenous malformations)
Aneurysm (SAH)
accumulation of amyloid
drugs - cocaine
Warning signs and symptoms
• sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
• sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding
• sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or
coordination
• sudden severe headache with no known cause
• sudden numbness or weakness of face, arm or leg, especially
on one side of the body
Think FAST
Exams and tests
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neurologic exam
CT scan
MRI
angiography
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CBC
bleeding time
prothrombin/partial thromboplastin time(PT/PTT)
CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) examination
Treatment
• IMMEDIATE TREATMENT
• SURGERY
• LONG-TERM TREATMENT
Possible complications
• permanent loss of movement or sensation of a
part of the body
• joint contractures
• muscle spasticity
• permanent loss of cognitive or other brain
functions
• disruption of communication, decreased social
interaction
• decreased ability to function or care for self
• decreased life span
• urinary and respiratory tract infections
Prevention
Risk factors
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high blood pressure
smoking
cocaine
alcohol
Did you know
• turmeric, the active ingredient of the Indian curry spice,
may help reduce the size of a hemorrhagic stroke
• stroke - leading cause of adult disability
• up to 80% of all strokes preventable
• every 45 seconds someone suffers a stroke
• every three minutes someone dies from a stroke
• more women than men die from stroke
• third most common cause of death globally
• (Which are first two?)
• Almost half of the people with a subarachnoid
hemorrhage die before reaching the hospital.
References
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www.strokecenter.org
www.nlm.nih.gov
www.emedicine.medscape.com
www.mayoclinic.org