Transcript ACOA - Adaptive Course of Action

Reengineering the Process
Reengineering = the fundamental rethinking
and radical redesign of business process to
achieve dramatic improvements in critical,
contemporary measures of performance
such as quality, service, and speed.
CINC’s Objective
• Develop and demonstrate a Joint, Tightly
Integrated, Crisis Action Planning and Execution
System
– Roots based on requirement for an integrated Crisis Action
Planning and Execution process
– Reduced requirements for deliberate planning if not
eliminated
– Significantly improve information management and
dissemination across the planning spectrum
– Reduce the numbers of formal messages required to
support crisis planning
– Take advantage of concurrent planning.
Essential Rules
All communication must be digital.
Study data online to gain and share insights easily.
Shift military planners and decision-makers into high-level
thinking.
Use digital tools to create virtual teams.
Convert every paper process to a digital process.
Use digital tools to eliminate single-task jobs.
Create a digital feedback loop.
Take a look at process and simplify it wherever possible.
Essential Rules (cont’d)
Keep an eye on the grand picture.
Too many hand-offs create too many likely points of failure.
Creating a new process is a major project.
Use digital systems to route problems immediately.
Use digital communication to redefine the boundaries.
Transform every process into just in time delivery.
Use digital delivery to eliminate the middleman.
Use digital tools to help people solve problems for
themselves.
Mission
ACOA serves the Joint Operations Planning
and Execution Community by adding value
with a commitment to continuous
improvement, innovation, and mutual
satisfaction.
ACOA Intent
USCINCPAC and AITS-JPO develop
and demonstrate advanced technology
enabling geographically dispersed
planning and executing forces to rapidly
generate, assess and adapt courses
of action for military operations.
Principles
• Continuous Improvement and Innovation are central to our
pursuit of excellence.
• Crisis Action Organization Focus aligns our organization,
resources, and strategies to exceed total partner
satisfaction.
• Partner involvement is essential to create an environment
in which each partner is willing and able to contribute his
or her efforts, knowledge, and ideas to achieve our mission
and strategy.
• Partnerships are a foundation of our strategy as we
continuously seek new ways to value, develop, maintain,
and enhance mutually beneficial relationships.
Values
Quality. User focus. Subject matter leadership.
Pursuit of excellence. Integrity. Timeliness.
Resource management. Safety. Innovation.
Bureaucratic avoidance. Entrepreneurialism.
User/Developer Teamwork.
Change
No one likes change, except, perhaps, a wet
baby. Change isn’t linear anymore. It’s a
time bomb, accelerating exponentially.
Top 5 Characteristics
• Concurrent, Distributed, Collaborative Tool
suite
• Tightly integrated applications and accurate
databases geared towards support of crisis
action
• True common operational picture
• Single C2I system
• Works in Coalition Operations
CONOPS SOURCES OF
INSPIRATION
JOPES UAG
GCCS ECAWG (CAPE)
DPI
EVOLVING IDEAS
TO CHANGE DOCTRINE
TPFDD IN AN HOUR
JOPES “TO BE”
TARGET
CONOPS
for
JOINT VISION
2010
DART
JPET
JFACC
ALP
JL ACTD
LESSONS LEARNED
WITH NEW TECHNOLOGIES
Strawman CAP&E
NCA/JCS
CINC
CJTF
JTF
I
II
III
SITUATION
AWARENESS
EXECUTION
PLANNING
EXECUTION
CJCS
EXECUTE
ORDER
CJCS
ALERT ORDER
CINC’S
ASSESSMENT
EXECUTE
CINC’S
OPORD
OR
CAMPAIGN
PLAN
• Abbreviated, uncluttered process
•Gain planning initiative early, adapt later
•Automated and standardized info sharing
•Distributed, collaborative planning
OBSERVE
REPLAN
EXECUTE
PLANNING & EXECUTION
STRATEGIC
NCA
WORDS
DOCUMENTS
DECISIONS
CINC
PLANNING
THEATER
OPERATIONAL
CAMPAIGN
OBJECT
CJTF LEVEL PLANNING
TACTICAL
COMPONENT LEVEL PLANNING
UNIT
UNIT LEVEL PLANNING
MAP/
GRAPHICAL
Campaign Object
GSORTS
SUSTAINMENT
GCCS
DEPLOYMENT
SOF
CONOPS
ATO
RSOI
COALITION
ACOA Environment
POWERPOINT
CJTF
PACOM
MERLYN
WORD
EXCEL
GFPT
TMS
ECOP
EMPLOYMENT
SOCCOM
CENTCOM
M&S
INTELLIGENCE SUSTAINMENT
DEPLOYMENT
TURBO PLNR
ACTIVE
WORKFLOW
JADE
AGENTS
JOINT STAFF
FORCE MNGR
JFACC
EUCOM
FACILITATE
ODYSSEY
TRANSCOM
ACOM
ACOA OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
PHASE I: REPLACE TARGET / CREATE CAMPAIGN OBJECT DATA BASE.
INTELLIGENT
PROCESS MGMT
VIRTUAL
SITUATION
BOOK
VIRTUAL
PLANNING
BOOK
VIRTUAL
ORDER
BOOK
WEB PLANNER
POWERPOINT
WORD
GFPT
LEIF
ODYSSEY
MASH
FACILITATE
ACOA OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
PHASE II: REPLACE JOPES TOOLS IN GCCS
INTELLIGENT
PROCESS MGMT
CIP
ANALYSTS
• BROWSERS
• BRIEFER
• TOOLS
Plan monitoring
Adaptive Process
Process Modeling
VIRTUAL
SITUATION
BOOK
WEB PLANNER
FMT GFPT JADE
Plan functions
Mission, Tasks
Force selection
Deployment Plan
LEIF
Admin Support
Visualization
WORD
POWERPOINT
EXCEL
PROJECT
UNIT
RAS
GSORTS
TCAIMS
DEPLOYMENT
DATA
VIRTUAL
PLANNING
BOOK
VIRTUAL
ORDER
BOOK
ODYSSEY • MASH • FACILITATE • NETSCAPE • LOGBOOK
ACOA OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
PHASE III: PROVIDE A JOINT VISION 2010 VERSION JOINT OPERATIONS
PLANNING AND EXECUTION SYSTEM
LOGISTICS
INTELLIGENT
ANALYSTS
APPS
• BROWSERS
PROCESS MGMT
• JL ACTD
CIP
• BRIEFER
• JTL ACTD
• TOOLS
VIRTUAL
SITUATION
BOOK
M&S
VISUALIZATION
• APPEX
Plan monitoring
Adaptive Process
Process Modeling
WEB PLANNER
Plan functions
Mission, Tasks
Force selection
Deployment Plan
FMT GFPT JADE
LEIF
PLAN MONITORS
ELECTRONIC
WATCHBOARD
UNIT
RAS
GSORTS
TCAIMS
DEPLOYMENT
DATA
Admin Support
Visualization
WORD
POWERPOINT
EXCEL
PROJECT
VIRTUAL
PLANNING
BOOK
VIRTUAL
ORDER
BOOK
ODYSSEY • MASH • FACILITATE • NETSCAPE • LOGBOOK
Putting it All Together
PACOM
DLA
•SUSTAINMENT
•MISSION
•TASKS
•CONOPS
•INTENT
•FORCES
•EXECUTE
•MONITOR
•ADAPT
TRANSCOM
•FORCE LIST
•DELIVERY RQMTS
•FEASIBILITY
•SCHEDULE
•FORCE LIST
•SCHEDULE
•CONOPS
•FORCE RQMTS
•CONOPS
•INTENT
•FORCES
•ATO
•FORCE RQMTS
•CONOPS
•TARGETS
•MISSION
•TASKS
•FORCES
•CONOPS
•RQMTS
STRATCOM
•CHOP FORCES
•DEPLOY FORCES
ACOM
CJTF
Scenario
• Increased tensions on Neolesian
Island of DRAPO between
– Government Military Forces
– Rebel Insurgents
• Red Cross Workers caught in
crossfire and take refuge in
abandoned church
• Inter-agency Working Group
monitors situation
• CINCPAC directs OPT to
consider military options
ACOA WILL SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVE
PLANNING AND EXECUTION
I
SITUATION
AWARENESS
II
III
EXECUTION
PLANNING
EXECUTION
NCA/CJCS
CINC
CINC’s SVC COMP
CJTF
CJTF’s COMP
IMPROVED RESPONSE:
Distributed, collaborative,
Parallel Planning
NGOs, PVOs, ALLIES
Remote Notification and
Collaborative Environment
• J30 OPT uses Odyssey
to virtually assemble
OPT for Drapo Crisis
– Room Environment
– Paging
– Voice/Text/Whiteboard
Collaboration
– Document Sharing
Virtual Situation Update
• J30 OPT reviews
Current Situation using
the ACOA Situation
Book
– Dynamic Information
Viewer
– Embedded Drill Down
– Graphic Representation
Desktop VTC in Collaborative
Environment
• OPT alerts CJTF of
selection through
MASH desktop VTC
and Odyssey
Collaborative
Environment
– Desktop: Sun or
Windows
– Bandwidth Aware
Virtual Plan Representation
• PACOM OPT briefs
JTF OPT Using
Virtual Planner’s
Book
– Dynamic
Information Viewer
– Embedded Drill
Down
– Graphic
Representation
Distributed Presentations
•
JTF uses ACOA
Toolset to present
Course of Action
to CinC
– Current Plan
Status using IPM
– Web Planner
generated
PowerPoint
Presentation
– Virtual
Environment
A simple plan, carefully concealed, repeatedly and realistically rehearsed, and executed with
surprise, speed, and purpose.
EXECUTION
SURPRISE
SPEED
PURPOSE
MORAL FACTORS
FRICTIONS OF WAR
SECURITY
REPETITION
SIMPLICITY
PREPARATION
PLANNING
CRISIS OPERATIONS MODEL
ACOA Model for Collaborative Computing
High
Degree of Collaboration
Conferencing
•Video
•Computer
•Electronic white boards
Sharing
•Discussion forums
•Group authoring
Coordination Technologies
•Workflow
•Calendar/scheduling
•Document management
Distribution
•eM@il
•Shared folders
•Fax
Low
Low
Transformation
High
ACOA Information Technology Model
Aspirations
Co-Creation
Visioning
Wisdom
Sharing
Knowledge
Conferencing
Coordination
Distribution
Personal
Productivity
Applications
Information
Services
Network
Data
Ubiquitous Structure
•
•
•
•
•
•
Odyssey
MASH
IPM
Netscape
Office (Word, Powerpoint, Excel, Project)
COAST
Phase I: Situation Awareness
Publishing
Tools
Publishing
Tools
Publishing Tools
Open
Source
Intel
Classified
IDM
TOOLS
GENOA
TOOLS
CIP
WEB
BROWSER
Databases
Search & Analysis
VSB
Product
Phase II: Execution Planning
TCAIMS II
FMT
WEB PLANNER
DEPLOY
EQUIP
LIST
Units
Readiness Assessment
System
JADE
M&S
GFPT
GSORTS
UNIT
LOCATION
DATABASE
ALERT ORDER
LEIF
Execution
Plan
(CONOPS)
COP
Campaign
Object
DATA
VISUALIZATION
OPORDER
PHASE I
Situation
Awareness
CIP
VSB
VPB/VOB
DATA Sources
Databases
Mission Analysis
Products
Phase III: Execution
FMT
WEB PLANNER
DEPLOY
EQUIP
LIST
EXECUTION
ORDERS
JADE
UNITS
COP
DATABASE
COP
GFPT
Monitor
Execution
Plan
(CONOPS)
Adjust
Plan
GSORTS
DATA
VISUALIZATION
Campaign
Object
Appropriate
Orders
TAG
CIP
VSB
VPB/VOB
DATA Sources
Databases
Information
Decision
Action
Products
Joint Integrated Planning and Execution Virtual Meeting Space
Joint Planning Domain
Other DOD
Agencies
Other Federal
Agencies
DOS
Joint Staff
Strategic
NCA
USA
JCS
NMCC
USAF
JICPAC
Supporting CINCs
Coalition
USN
USMC
Staff
Theater
PACFLT
USCINCPAC
USARPAC
Coalition
PACAF
Operational, Functional
Area Rqmts: Log, Targeting, etc.
MARFOR
SOCPAC
MARFORPAC
CJTF Staff
JFACC
CJTF
NAVFOR
ARFOR
AFFOR
Tactical, Functional
Area Rqmts: Log, Targeting, etc.
Coalition
JSOTF
JPOTF
Staffs
Tactical
USA
USAF
SOF
USMC
USN
JPG CRISIS ACTION PLANNING
NCA/
CJCS
Situation
Development
Crisis
Assessment
COA
Development
TANDEM THRUST 97
COA
Selection (x2)
Warning
Order
CINC’s
Assessment
Activation
& Alert Order
FDOs/COAs
CCTF:
C7F,
Force
DJTFAC,
Movement
& ADF FULL
INTEGRATION
Campaign
Plan
Activation
Order
Commander’s
Estimate
Warning
Order
Sub-COA
Develop
4Q&A
from CAT
Campaign
Plan
Campaign
Plan Drafts
OPORD
OPORD
Supporting
Plan
FORCES
25
Execution
Execute
Order
Alert
Order (x2)
Commander’s
Estimate
USCP
Execution
Planning
26
JAN
27
28
FEB
1
2
3
4
5
6
MAR 97
7
8
9
10
The Challenge Statement:
The technology explosion has NOT
delivered
the promised C2 decision making
explosion!!
Pick your favorite technology:
•Processor MIPS
•Bandwidth
•Parallel processing
•Storage media
•…whatever...
The need triggered today’s
programs
– “What the warrior needs: a fused, real time,
true representation of the Warrior’s Battle
Space--an ability to order, respond, and
coordinate horizontally and vertically to the
degree necessary to prosecute his mission...”
C4I for the Warrior
12 June 1992
A new way to look at things...
• A C2 DSS must provide a shared vision of the
battlespace to the warriors
• Success is defined by making commanders, staffs,
and decision aids more effective decision makers
User Driven vs. Data Driven
• The ‘chasm’: where you start often determines where you
finish...don’t be fooled by layers painted onto the data!
• Building the bridge is hard it requires a new approach!
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM:
Information Creation
Data Transformation
Presentation
Organization
DATA SOURCES
Navigation
INFORMATION NEEDS
Critical Characteristics
of the problem
• Selected key characteristics:
–
–
–
–
–
High Value/Mission Critical decisions
High Data Rate
Overconstrained problem
Evolving/”Rolling Horizon”
Imperfect view of the world
• Every characteristic is also one that challenges human
decision making...
The full C2 spectrum:
Integrating Planning and Execution
“The Sliding Scale of Commitment”
Degree of Commitment
Reactive Replanning
Forecasting
Planning
Time/Perspective
“Friction” Orders cut to
Units
of War
Execute!
Notional
Oplans
Focus on Decision Makers’
needs…
not technology
• Decision Support for collaboration:
More than just a remoted physical meeting!!
• Dealing with Data Overload:
More than just reducing the numbers
Future Key Technology directions
• Metrics for *delivered* Decision Effectiveness
and Throughput
• Dramatically improved Decision Centered System
Design methodologies
• Basic research in technologies that support shared
understanding (collaboration)
• Intuitive presentations of complex, multivariable,
abstract command decision making (time, options,
mission, intent, …)
In Summary
• It will take *more* than IT initiatives alone to
deliver the goods on advanced C2 DSS
• A future focus on exploiting technologies in a
decision supporting environment is essential