Transcript Update on OGC involvement in GEOSS

GEOSS ADC
Architecture Workshop
Water/Drought Scenario
5 Feb 2008
David Arctur
OGC Interoperability Institute
[email protected]
Nov 2007 GEO Plenary and Ministerial Summit:
Drought … The Growing Threat
 During the past 30 years, there is evidence of an increase in the
incidence of drought worldwide
 Increasing temperatures combined with growing populations and
unsustainable use of water resources are combining to magnify
drought’s impacts
Response: Drought Early Warning System (DEWS)
 Required Areas of Expertise
– Drought Monitoring
– Forecasting
– Impacts Monitoring and Assessment
– Research
– Education
– Planning
 Some or all of these areas are beginning to be addressed by
national and regional programs
Scenario: Drought Monitoring and Response
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Overview
Context and pre-conditions
Scenario events
Data sources and other coordination
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Overview
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Drought: an increasingly damaging phenomena
– Growing population & agricultural stresses on surface & groundwater
– Reduced snow and glacier reservoirs
Complex phenomena
– Defined across many time scales, impacting many economic sectors
– Sea surface temperatures (SST), winds, land cover, many other factors
Scenario objectives
– Monitor & forecast drought indicators
– Assess water and drought conditions and impacts
– Plan for mitigation
– Carry out response strategy
– Consider and address multi-disciplinary and cross-border institutional
communications and coordination
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Context and pre-conditions
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Actors (stakeholders)
Information available before scenario begins
Specific processing requirements
GUI development and GEOSS portal integration
Institutional coordination
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Context and pre-conditions: Actors
• Consumers
– Residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural
• Local officials
– City managers, county managers
• Agency officials and staff
– State Natural Resource Department decision/policy makers
– State and Federal agency water managers
– (USA) Army Corps of Engineers
• GEOSS portal integrator
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Context and pre-conditions:
Information available before scenario - 1
• Example regions of interest
– Near-term: Southeastern USA (NIDIS data and capabilities)
– Longer-term: Pacific Basin (Americas, Australia, Pacific Islands)
• Framework geographical datasets
– Roadways, landcover, hydrography
– Locations of major agricultural production, industrial centers, and
urban areas with high water resource demands
– Gazetteer and locations for built-up areas, with linked population
figures
– Digital terrain/elevation model
– Orthophotography or satellite imagery
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Context and pre-conditions:
Information available before scenario - 2
• Environmental data
– Precipitation
– Soil moisture indices
– Drought indicators
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Palmer Indices
SPI (standard precipitation index)
VHI (vegetation health index)
SWSI (surface water supply index)
Snow water content and snow depth
Streamflow, lake and reservoir levels, and groundwater status
Soil and air temperature
Humidity
Wind speed and direction
Solar radiation
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Context and pre-conditions:
Information available before scenario - 3
Documented impacts on human and natural systems
– Single-sector outputs such as agricultural yields
– Multi-sector impacts such as those affecting water
demands, wildfire risks, and recreation
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Context and pre-conditions:
Specific processing capabilities
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Monthly and seasonal forecasting of temperatures and precipitation;
anomalies (greater/lesser than normal) 12 months in advance
(example source: NWS Climate Prediction Center)
Assessment of current water conditions (precipitation, ground water,
USDM indices, water monitor network, many products)
Drought 3-month outlook (USDM subjectively derived)
Drought impacts monitoring system with impacts database, analysis
tools and practices
Determination of drought triggers: threshold values of an indicator that
distinguish drought magnitude and determine when management
actions should begin and end
– PDI or USDM triggers result in actions taken by state and local
managers; generally locally/regionally determined, not national
– In the US, Army Corps of Engineers may respond to triggers
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Context and pre-conditions:
GUI development, GEOSS portal integration
• Data discovery tools: portal (GUI) & clearinghouse (harvester)
– For community data sources (metadata) to be harvestable,
metadata server needs to support CSW
– If community data sources support standard WMS, WCS, WFS,
SOS, etc. services, the portal can preview and access the actual
datasets; otherwise it will simply refer user to remote server
• Data viewer client: within the portal, Google Earth, etc.
• Drought research community “adopts” the portal
– Community-managed web UI – wiki, journals, pre-defined and
derived maps
– Build and save projects; add new data as it emerges
– Help support cross-cutting, multi-disciplinary applications
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Context and pre-conditions:
Institutional coordination
• WMO, CEOS, IGOS/IGWCO, GCOS, GEWEX
• NIDIS (US National Integrated Drought Information
System)
• NADM, USDM (N.American/US Drought Monitor)
• FEWS (Famine Early Warning Sysem)
• Drought Management Center of Southeastern Europe
• HARON (Hydrological Applications and Run-Off Network)
• Plus many others as potential collaborators – see
National Drought Mitigation Center International Activities
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Coordination with GEOSS tasks
• WA-08-01 – Integration of In-situ and Satellite Data
for Water Cycle Monitoring
• GEO UIC coordination?
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2007 Plenary and Ministerial Summit
Drought Side Meeting • 29-Nov-2007
Introduction
- Mark Myers, Director, USGS
North American Drought Monitor and NIDIS
- Jay Lawrimore, NOAA/NCDC
FEWS NET
- Tamuka Magadzire, FEWS NET Regional Scientist
for Southern Africa
Drought Management Center for Southeastern
Europe
-Silvo Zlebir, Director, Environmental Agency of the
Republic of Slovenia
SERVIR
- Carrie Stokes, USAID
~40 people from 19 countries
- Argentina
- Australia
- Austria
- Belgium
- Botswana
- Canada
- France
- Germany
- Honduras
- Japan
- Kenya
- Korea
- Netherlands
- Norway
- Panama
- Slovenia
- South Africa
- United Kingdom
- USA
2007 Plenary and Ministerial Summit
United States Proposal
 Develop a Global Drought Early Warning System within
the coming decade to provide:
– A system of systems for data & information sharing,
communication, & capacity building to take on the
growing worldwide threat of drought
– Regular drought warning assessments issued as
frequently as possible with increased frequency during a
crisis
2007 Plenary and Ministerial Summit
• Recommended approach to achieving long-term
objective
– Initially address by expanding regional activities
• Begin with areas strongly impacted by ENSO (Americas and Pacific: North and South
America, Australia)
• Near-term Priorities
– Develop a Task within the GEO Work Plan
– May/Jun 08: Convene a meeting of technical
leadership to identify needs and priorities (Hosted
by the IDEA Center in Hawaii)
• Identify needs as well as existing or potential capacities across nations
• Establish initial approaches and identify one or more fundamental
aspects to address first
Prerequisites for global drought
preparedness
Must first assess each national participant’s:
• Current drought monitoring capabilities and practices
• Observational data network activities, capabilities, and
resources
• Drought forecasting
• Drought response
• Current potential level of participation in global network
• What is needed for them to reach their desired level of
participation
– May have different levels of participation depending on
variations in countries’ capabilities and desires
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Scenario Steps (simplified)
1. Agency research staff tasked and capable to forecast
seasonal & annual precipitation, temperature, soil
moisture, drought
2. Research staff requests data from GEOSS portal
3. Research results show region will have severe drought
4. Assess physical and economic risks and impacts of
drought, identify needed actions
5. Deliver services, assistance, mitigation (track results)
6. Notify related stakeholders regarding data and results
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Supporting data and other resources - 1
• US NIDIS Portal, http://www.drought.gov
• US NIDIS, The National Integrated Drought Information System
Implementation Plan, June 2007,
http://www.drought.gov/pdf/NIDIS-IPFinal-June07.pdf
• US NIDIS, Managing Drought: A roadmap for change in the United
States, July 2007
http://geosociety.org/meetings/06drought/roadmap.pdf
• US National Drought Monitoring Center, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln
http://drought.unl.edu/monitor/tools.htm
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Supporting data and other resources - 2
• Famine Early Warning System, http://www.fews.net/
• IGOS Water Theme, http://www.igospartners.org/Water.htm
• IGWCO, Conceptual Framework for a Hydrological Applications
and Run-Off Network (HARON), March 2007
http://www.gewex.org/IGWCO/9.4_IGWCO_HARON.pdf
• GCOS,
http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/gcos/index.php?name=geoss
• GEWEX, http://www.gewex.org/
• UN FAO, Water Development and Management Unit,
http://www.fao.org/nr/water/infores_databases_climwat.html
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Next Steps
• Work with likely participants to identify case studies
– NIDIS Portal team working on Southeast US
drought response (near term)
– Broader drought science community trying to build
capacity among developing countries & islands in
Pacific Basin to support DEWS (longer term)
– Others…?
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