Transcript Document

GOALS OF USE OF RESEARCH
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Opportunities and choices in SRH
Safer passages to adulthood
Strengthened health systems
Improved health and development
BREATHTAKING CHALLENGES
• Population of 9 billion in 2050, most
pregnancies wanted
• 600,000 maternal deaths annually
• 350 million new cases of curable STIs
and 22 million infected with HIV
• Healthy sexuality: violence, mutilation,
inability to express and enjoy
TRADITIONAL ROLE OF RESEARCH
• Testing and development of theory
– Rules of design and conduct
– Rules of evidence
– Discreet audience
– Rewards
HEALTH SYSTEMS RESEARCH
• Process focused on policy and program
development, decision making, services
– Understandable
– Acceptable
– Comprehensive
– Cost-effective
– Capable of being improved
LINEAR MODEL OF POLICY FORMATION
Researcher
Predictions
and
Prescriptions
Policy Maker
Social Forces
Classes
Interest Groups
Parties and Voters
Policy
Choice
Implementation
State-Centered Forces
Technocrats
Bureaucrats
State Interests
Policy
Outcome
Multiple Streams of Negotiated
Decision Making
Financing
Groups
Research and
Analysis
National and
Local
Policy Makers
Policy
Advocacy
Groups
Flow of Information/Influence
Demand for Information
Implementation
Process
Practitioners
AUDIENCES IN NEED OF CHAMPION
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Policy makers
Managers
Researchers
Advocates
Public
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National
Regional
Local
Networks
South-South
ROLES OF THEORY AND VALUES
• THEORY
– Stage Theory
– Diffusion
– Organizational
Development
– Communication
and Social
Influence
• VALUES
– Equity of care
– Personal choice
– Participation
– Devolution
– Gender relations
– Profit-making
TREND TOWARD LEARNING
• World Bank - knowledge management
• WHO - evidence based health care
• DFID - shared knowledge key to
development partnerships
• USAID - evidence on achievement of
strategic objectives
APPROACHES TO UTILIZATION
• Rational: problem solving
• Strategic: political, tactical
• Diffusion: enlightenment, interactive
• Lack insight into process of decision
making and manipulatable variables
MORE PRODUCTIVE APPROACH
• Content and recommendations
• Actors in policy formation
• Processes in development and
implementation cycles
• Context within which policy made
• Diffuse and gradual process
ENHANCING USE
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Develop research with counterparts
Build and foster close relationships
Seek interrelations with similar efforts
Focus on research quality
Disseminate to policy makers by level
Mutual formulation of recommendations
Sustainability: partners and finance
Follow-up
MEASUREMENT OF UTILIZATION
• Complex: mere citation to range of options
of influence within and across systems
• Quality of research is not a requirement
• Understanding of policy process
• Multiple actors, issues and contributions
• Problem of attribution of causality
CHALLENGES IN LONG RUN
• Develop human resources capable of
producing and using research
• Improve quality of health information
• Build capacity to assess new technology
• Networks for essential health research
• Relationship between policy makers,
researchers and stakeholders