Transcript Rose Garden Pesticides

Rose Garden Pesticides
The Chemicals Available to Keep
Your Roses Pest-Free
Today’s Topics
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Pesticide Hierarchy
Systemic, Translaminar, and Contact Chemicals
Identifying the Common Pests
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The Available Insecticides and Fungicides
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Insects
Funguses
Online Sources of Pesticide Labels
Shopping the Internet for the Best Price
A few words about Resistance Management
Today’s Topics (Cont.)
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Specific Chemicals for Specific Pests
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Insecticides/Miticides
Fungicides
Ready-to-Use (RTU) and Over-the-Counter
(OTC) Products for the Smaller Garden
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Bayer Advanced Garden Products
Others
Pesticide Hierarchy
Pesticides
Insecticides
Fungicides
Miticides
Botryticide
Ovicide/Larvacide
Herbicides
Systemic Chemicals
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Apply to the foliage as a spray or to the roots as a
drench
Moves (typically, up) through the plant’s vascular
system
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Phloem cells – like “arteries” through which sugars and
other plant products move
Xylem – tubular structure for the transport of water and
dissolved minerals --think tree growth rings
Chemicals stay within the plant – don’t wash off
Downside – systemics don’t enter the blooms
Translaminar Chemicals
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Trans = across or through, like transatlantic
Laminar = layered
Translaminar = through layers
Sometimes referred to as locally systemic
Applied to foliage as a spray, these chemicals are
absorbed by the plant
They move through foliage from one surface to the
other
Great for spider mites which feed on the underside of
leaves and are nearly unaffected by systemics
Contact Sprays
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Applied to foliage, buds and blooms as a spray
Remain on the surface of foliage and blooms
Not absorbed by the plant
Pretty much the only way to protect blooms
Downside – contact sprays wash off in the rain
Identifying the Common Pests
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Insects
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Japanese Beetles – May through August – devour blooms
and leaves
Aphids – entire growing season – attack buds and tender
foliage – often accompanied by ants (“farming” the aphids)
Thrips – entire growing season – create blemishes on
blooms – especially light colors
Budworms – later in the growing season – bore holes in
buds
Spider Mites – when it’s hot and dry – suck the chlorophyll
out of leaves – defoliate bushes
Identifying the Common Pests
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Funguses
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Black Spot – all season especially when damp – forms a black spot on
leaves which then yellow and fall off
Powdery Mildew – all season – superficial white or gray powder on
surfaces of leaves – uncontrolled will prevent blooming
Downy Mildew – cool with high humidity – purplish red to dark brown
irregular spots on leaves – uncontrolled may result in defoliation – long
purplish areas on canes - may be systemic in roses
Botrytis – all season especially when damp – creates blemishes on
blooms, bloom rot and premature shattering
Rust – all season – tiny orange and red spots on leaves – looks like rust
– uncontrolled can defoliate bush
The Available Insecticides and
Fungicides
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Where to learn about them - other rosarians, ads in
rose magazines and newsletters, rose forums on the
Internet, and rose care websites like:
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www.rosemania.com
www.rosecare.com
www.saveonchemicals.com
www.growersupply.com
www.southernag.com
www.pestproducts.com
And links from www.chattanoogarose.org
Get the Labels
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And the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
Sources of labels:
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On the chemicals’ containers
Manufacturers’ websites – for example
www.bayeradvanced.com
www.cdms.net – offers labels and MSDS for all
registered pesticides – search by product name
www.greenbook.net – another site like cdms.net –
however, requires simple registration
Read the Labels!
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And the MSDSs
Typical label format:
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Product name, active ingredients and toxicity – CAUTION,
WARNING, or DANGER
Safety information – personal protection equipment (PPE),
etc.
Use restrictions and application instructions
Applicable crops/plants – pest/disease that is controlled –
application rates
Storage and disposal requirements
Shopping the Internet
MERIT 75 WP
2 OZ
COMPASS
8 OZ
AVID
8 OZ
TETRASAN
1 LB
ROSEMANIA
$65.00
$219.00
(2 OZ $69.99)
$105.00
$99.95
ROSECARE
$65.98
$289.00
$349.95
1 QUART
$225.00
$93.00
$89.60
$203.00
$269.00
1 QUART
$79.00
B&T GROWER
SUPPLY
PEST
PODUCTS
$59.90
SAVE ON
CHEMICALS
$142.00
6.4 OZ
Resistance Management
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Resistance management in the garden is a problem
akin to certain antibiotics losing their effectiveness in
humans due to repeated or improper use
Repeated use of the same pesticide allows the target
pest to mutate and adapt and become resistant to the
pesticide
Each insecticide and fungicide has a specific mode of
action (MOA) in the way it disables and kills its
target pest
If these MOAs are alternated from one spraying to
the next the target pest is very less likely to adapt
Resistance Management (Cont.)
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Or, if chemicals with different MOAs are mixed in a
single spraying the target pest is unable to adapt
The Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC
– www.irac-online.org) in its latest publication
identifies 28 insecticide MOAs
The Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC
– www.frac.info) has identified over 40 fungicide
MOAs
Dr. Ray Cloyd and I decided that the large number of
MOAs should and could be consolidated to be of
more use to rosarians – we came up with 6 insecticide
MOAs and 6 fungicide MOAs
Resistance Management (Cont.)
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Your handout contains the two tables that Dr. Cloyd
and I derived from the IRAC and FRAC publications
MOA 6 in both tables is what Dr. Cloyd calls the
“napalm” MOA – the chemicals in this group kill on
contact and leave little or no room for adaptation
I’ve found two useful insecticide partnerings to be
Merit and Tempo and Avid and TetraSan
An effective fungicide partnering is Banner Maxx
(alternated with Cleary’s 3336F) and Compass
Perspective Setting
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Pesticide producers view rose growers as a
tiny market
Insecticides are primarily marketed to farmers
and maintainers of large public areas
Fungicides target turf grass markets like golf
courses
We’re just lucky that these pesticides work to
eliminate rose garden pests
Specific Chemicals for Specific Pests
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Insecticides
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Orthene – MOA 1 – a translaminar chemical – spray for the
control of aphids, Japanese Beetles, and thrips
Sevin – MOA 1 – a contact spray – very effective against
Japanese Beetles – has resistance management problems
with thrips if used alone – combine with Tempo, Talstar or
Conserve
Talstar – MOA 2 – a contact spray – also registered as a
miticide – good control of aphids and Japanese Beetles –
look also for Bifen I/T – exactly the same as Talstar but less
expensive ($59.90 vs $99.99 per quart)
More Pest-Killers
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Insecticides (Cont.)
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Tempo – MOA 2 - a highly-effective contact spray – kills
just about any insect
Avid – MOA 3 – a translaminar spray – kills adult spider
mites
Floramite – MOA 3 – a contact spray – kills all spider mite
life stages
Akari 5SC – MOA 3 – a contact spray – kills all spider mite
life stages – 60% the cost of Floramite
Merit - MOA 4 – a very effective systemic chemical – kills
any insects that are eating the foliage – use as a drench or
spray
…And More
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Insecticides (Cont.)
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Conserve – MOA 4 – a translaminar spray – probably the
most effective attack on thrips
Hexygon – MOA 5 – a contact spray for the control of
spider mite larva and eggs – combine with Avid
TetraSan – MOA 5 – a translaminar spray for the control of
spider mite larva and eggs – combine with Avid for a
translaminar spray addressing all mite life stages
Forbid 4F – MOA 6 – a translaminar spray for the control
of all spider mite life stages – minimum resistance
management problems – very expensive
Now Disease (Fungus) Control
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Fungicides
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Banner Maxx – MOA 1 – a systemic chemical that attacks
blackspot, powdery mildew and rust
Eagle 20 EW – MOA 1 – very similar to Banner Maxx but
less toxic (CAUTION instead of WARNING) – same
active ingredient as Systhane
Decree 50 WDG – MOA 1 – specifically registered as a
botryticide
Cleary’s 3336F – MOA 2 – a systemic chemical that can be
alternated with Banner Maxx
Chipco 26019 Flo – MOA 3 – specifically registered to
control botrytis blight – alternate with Decree
More Disease Control
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Fungicides (Cont.)
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Subdue Maxx – MOA 4 – targets root and stem rot – primarily used as a
drench in greenhouses
Compass – MOA 5 – a translaminar chemical that controls just about
every rose disease, including botrytis, downy mildew, and powdery
mildew
Alliette – MOA 6 – an aluminum-based contact chemical that
specifically targets downy mildew
Manzate – MOA 6 – a zinc- and manganese-based contact spray for the
very effective eradication of blackspot – now sold as Pentathlon
Zyban – MOAs 2 and 6 – a combination of the active ingredients in
Cleary’s 3336F and Manzate – comes as a fine powder
RTU and OTC Products
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Bayer Advanced Garden Products
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www.bayeradvanced.com
Rose & Flower Insect Killer
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A combination of Merit and Tempo
Available in spray bottle, hose-end sprayer and
concentrate
2 in 1 Systemic Rose & Flower Care
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Granules sprinkled around bush and watered-in
12-18-6 fertilizer
Orthene-like systemic insecticide - disulfoton
RTU and OTC Products (Cont.)
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More Bayer Advanced Garden Products
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All-in-One Rose & Flower Care
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Merit insecticide plus Banner Maxx fungicide
9-14-9 fertilizer
Mixed 4 tbsp/quart and used as a drench
Bayer Advanced Disease Control
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Concentrate diluted 1.5 tbsp/gallon to spray
Active ingredient same as Banner Maxx
Some Other RTU/OTC Products
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Safer Brand 3 in 1 Garden Spray – uses fatty acids, sulfur and
neem oil (MOA 6) to create an environmentally safe
insecticide, fungicide and miticide
Green Light Bioganic Organic Rose & Flower Ready-to-Use –
uses plant oils (MOA 6) to create an environmentally safe
insecticide, fungicide and miticide
Ortho Orthenex Insect & Disease Control – active ingredients
are acephate (Orthene) and triforine (same chemical group as
Banner Maxx)
GardenTech Sevin – OTC version of this very effective
insecticide (MOA 1)
And, Finally…Adjuvants
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Adjuvant – serving to help or assist – something to
make a spray more effective
Stirrup M – a pheromone (sexual attractant) that
draws spider mites to any spray in which it’s mixed
Indicate 5 – adjusts pH of spray water and serves as a
spreader-sticker – most sprays more effective in a
slightly acidic liquid
Hi-Yield Spreader-Sticker (or any other OTC brand)
– makes spray adhere to foliage instead of dribbling
off