Transcript Spraying Your Rose Garden

Spraying Your Rose
Garden
A little bit about a lot of things...
Topics for Tonight
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Rose garden spray equipment
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Garden chemicals/pesticides
– Labels and MSDSs
– Types of pesticides
– Modes of Action
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Pests versus Pesticides
More Topics
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What pesticides to buy and where
– Specialty/patented products
– Generics
– Ready-to-Use (RTU) and Over-theCounter (OTC)
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Adjuvants and chemical helpers
Shelf life, storage, and disposal
The Application of
Pesticides
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Drench – application of the diluted, systemic
concentrate to the soil around the bush for
absorption through the bush’s root system
Fumigant – application as a gas/vapor
within a confined space such as a
greenhouse
Spray – application via atomized droplets to
the bush’s foliage and canes
Rose garden spray
equipment
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For the small garden (10 or fewer
bushes)
– RTU products in 16 oz or 24 oz spray
bottles
– Hose-end sprayers with metered mixing
rates
– Small (1 quart to 1 gallon) pump-up
sprayers, e.g., Solo model 418-1L
Solo® 418-1L Hand-Held
Sprayer
Rose garden spray
equipment
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For the medium-sized garden (10 to
100 bushes)
– Up to 20+ gallons of spray per application
(think spider mites)
– Back-Pack or roll-around sprayers with 3,
4, or 5 gallon capacities
– Hand pumped or battery-powered
Solo® 425DLX 4-gallon
Back-Pack Sprayer
Hudson® NeverPump 4gallon Bak-Pak Sprayer
Rose garden spray
equipment
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For the large (100+ bushes) rose
garden
– Now we may be talking 50 gallons or
more of spray per application
– Roll-around, battery-powered, heavy-duty
stuff
– Maybe even gasoline-powered...
HotShot Rollaround
Battery-Powered Sprayer
Dramm® Gas-Powered
20-gallon Sprayer
Internet sources for spray
equipment information
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www.rosemania.com – look under Our Products/Spray Equipment
www.northerntools.com – look under Categories/Sprayers
www.allamericangeneralstore.com – search for Hudson
www.bugpage.com – look under Backpack Sprayers
www.rittenhouse.ca – look under Rittenhouse Sprayers
www.gemplers.com – look under Pest Management/Sprayers
www.systemacc.com – look under Rechargeable or Compression Sprayers
www.solousa.com – look under Chemical Applicators
www.hdhudson.com – browse the website for lots of good sprayer info
www.spsystemsllc.com – follow the links from Our Products
www.bayeradvanced.com – look under Products/Rose and Garden Care
www.gardentech.com – select Sevin or Daconil
www.saferbrand.com -- look under Online Store/Garden Care-Flowers
Personal Protective
Equipment
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To protect the skin, eyes and lungs
from undiluted chemicals and the
diluted spray material
– Long-sleeved shirt and long pants
– Chemical resistant gloves
– Shoes plus socks
– Protective eyewear, and a
– Dust/mist filtering respirator
Chemical splash goggles
with ventilation
Moldex® 2300 N95 (TC84A approval) Respirator
Tyvek® Hood and
Respirator
Garden
Chemicals/Pesticides
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Labels and MSDSs
– Always read the label!
– First items: product trade name, brief
description, identification and amount of active
ingredient (AI)
– Next: the “signal word” – Danger, Warning,
and Caution in decreasing order of toxicity
– Followed by: Precautionary Statements – safety,
first aid, PPE, etc.
– And then: Use Recommendations – pests
controlled, application rates, mixing procedures,
etc.
“Decoding” the Labels
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Consider Merit 75 WP
– The 75 means Merit contains 75% of its
active ingredient, Imidacloprid
– The WP indicates this form of Merit is a
Wettable Powder
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On other products
– SC = soluble concentrate; WDG =
wettable, dispersible granules; EW =
emulsified in water; WSP = water soluble
packaging
Pesticide Toxicity
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Signal Words
– Caution = slightly toxic
– Warning = moderately toxic
– Danger = highly toxic
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Lethal Dose
– LD50 is the dose that would kill 50% of any test
population
– LD50 is measured in milligrams of pesticide per kilogram
of weight of the test subject
– LD50 can be below 50 mg/kg for Danger, over 50 to
2,000 for Warning, and over 500 to 20,000 for Caution
– LD50 values are found in the Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for the pesticide in question
Getting the Labels
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And the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
Sources of labels:
– On the chemicals’ containers
– Manufacturers’ websites – for example,
www.bayeradvanced.com
– Vendors’ websites – for example,
www.rosemania.com
– www.cdms.net – offers labels and MSDS for all
registered pesticides – search by product name
– www.greenbook.net – another site like cdms.net
– however, requires simple registration
Hierarchy of Pesticides
Pesticides
Insecticides
Fungicides
Miticides
Botryticide
Ovicide/Larvacide
Herbicides
Systemic Chemicals
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Apply to the foliage as a spray or to the
roots as a drench
Moves (typically, up) through the plant’s
vascular system
– Phloem cells – like “arteries” through which sugars and
other plant products move
– Xylem – tubular structure for the transport of water and
dissolved minerals --think tree growth rings
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Chemicals stay within the plant – don’t wash
off
Downside – systemics don’t enter the
blooms
Translaminar Chemicals
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Trans = across or through, like transatlantic
Laminar = layered
Translaminar = through layers
Sometimes referred to as locally systemic
Applied to foliage as a spray, these
chemicals are absorbed by the plant
They move through foliage from one surface
to the other
Great for spider mites which feed on the
underside of leaves and are nearly
unaffected by systemics
Contact Sprays
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Applied to foliage, buds and blooms as
a spray
Remain on the surface of foliage and
blooms
Not absorbed by the plant
Pretty much the only way to protect
blooms
Downside – contact sprays wash off in
the rain
Resistance
Management/Modes of
Action
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Resistance management in the garden is a
problem akin to certain antibiotics losing
their effectiveness in humans due to
repeated or improper use
Repeated use of the same pesticide allows
the target pest to mutate and adapt and
become resistant to the pesticide
Each insecticide and fungicide has a specific
mode of action (MOA) in the way it disables
and kills its target pest
If these MOAs are alternated from one
spraying to the next the target pest is very
less likely to adapt
Resistance Management
(Cont.)
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Or, if chemicals with different MOAs are mixed in a
single spraying the target pest is unable to adapt
The Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC
– www.irac-online.org) in its latest publication
identifies 28 insecticide MOAs
The Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC
– www.frac.info) has identified over 40 fungicide
MOAs
Dr. Ray Cloyd and I decided that the large number
of MOAs should and could be consolidated to be of
more use to rosarians – we came up with 6
insecticide MOAs and 6 fungicide MOAs
Resistance Management
(Cont.)
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Your handout contains the two tables that Dr. Cloyd
and I derived from the IRAC and FRAC publications
MOA 6 in both tables is what Dr. Cloyd calls the
“napalm” MOA – the chemicals in this group kill on
contact and leave little or no room for adaptation
I’ve found two useful insecticide partnerings to be
Merit and Tempo and Avid and TetraSan
An effective fungicide partnering is Banner Maxx
(alternated with Cleary’s 3336F) and Compass
A few words about
Herbicides
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This is really about controlling weeds
Before they sprout use pre-emergent herbicides like
Preen® (AI=trifluralin)
After they sprout use herbicides like Roundup®
(AI=glyphosate)
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Never broadcast spray
Use RTU products with nozzles provided
Don’t use within 18” of the base of the bushes
Roundup is harmless to animals and after it comes in
contact with soil
Roundup® RTU from Scott
Specific Chemicals for
Specific Pests
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Insecticides
– Orthene – MOA 1 – a translaminar chemical –
spray for the control of aphids, Japanese Beetles,
and thrips
– Sevin – MOA 1 – a contact spray – very effective
against Japanese Beetles – has resistance
management problems with thrips if used alone –
combine with Tempo, Talstar or Conserve
– Talstar – MOA 2 – a contact spray – also registered
as a miticide – good control of aphids and
Japanese Beetles – look also for Bifen I/T – exactly
the same as Talstar but less expensive ($59.90 vs
$99.99 per quart)
More Pest Killers
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Insecticides (Cont.)
– Tempo – MOA 2 - a highly-effective contact spray – kills
just about any insect
– Avid – MOA 3 – a translaminar spray – kills adult spider
mites
– Floramite – MOA 3 – a contact spray – kills all spider mite
life stages
– Akari 5SC – MOA 3 – a contact spray – kills all spider mite
life stages – 60% the cost of Floramite
– Merit - MOA 4 – a very effective systemic chemical – kills
any insects that are eating the foliage – use as a drench or
spray
– Conserve – MOA 4 – a translaminar spray – probably the
most effective attack on thrips
...And More
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Insecticides (Cont.)
– Hexygon – MOA 5 – a contact spray for the
control of spider mite larva and eggs – combine
with Avid
– TetraSan – MOA 5 – a translaminar spray for the
control of spider mite larva and eggs – combine
with Avid for a translaminar spray addressing all
mite life stages
– Forbid 4F – MOA 6 – a translaminar spray for the
control of all spider mite life stages – minimum
resistance management problems – very
expensive
– Kontos – MOA 6 – a new “two-way” systemic
chemical – an effective replacement/substitute
for Merit
Now...Disease (Fungus)
Control
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Fungicides
– Banner Maxx – MOA 1 – a systemic chemical
that attacks blackspot, powdery mildew and rust
– Eagle 20 EW – MOA 1 – very similar to Banner
Maxx but less toxic (CAUTION instead of
WARNING) – same active ingredient as Systhane
– Decree 50 WDG – MOA 1 – specifically
registered as a botryticide
– Cleary’s 3336F – MOA 2 – a systemic chemical
that can be alternated with Banner Maxx
– Chipco 26019 Flo – MOA 3 – specifically
registered to control botrytis blight – alternate
with Decree
More Disease Control
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Fungicides (Cont.)
– Subdue Maxx – MOA 4 – targets root and stem rot –
primarily used as a drench in greenhouses
– Compass – MOA 5 – a translaminar chemical that controls
just about every rose disease, including botrytis, downy
mildew, and powdery mildew
– Heritage – MOA 5 – a suitable substitute for Compass
– Alliette – MOA 6 – an aluminum-based systemic chemical
that specifically targets downy mildew
– Manzate – MOA 6 – a zinc- and manganese-based contact
spray for the very effective eradication of blackspot – now
sold as Pentathlon
– Zyban – MOAs 2 and 6 – a combination of the active
ingredients in Cleary’s 3336F and Manzate – comes as a
fine powder
Pesticide Acquisition –
Where to Buy
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Where to learn about them - other
rosarians, ads in rose magazines and
newsletters, rose forums on the Internet,
and rose care websites like:
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www.rosemania.com
www.rosecare.com
www.saveonchemicals.com
www.growersupply.com
www.southernag.com
www.pestproducts.com
And links from www.chattanoogarose.org
What about generics?...
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Pesticides like Compass, Forbid and
Kontos are “on-patent” and command
high prices
Generics are pesticides that have
come “off-patent” like Merit, Avid and
Banner Maxx
Generics often cost less than 50% of
the cost of the “on-patent” products
Some examples of generics
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Lucid = Avid -- $145 vs. $285 (quart)
Zenith = Merit -- $10 vs. $60 (2oz)
Honor Guard = Banner Maxx -- $31
vs. $70 (pint)
OHP 6672 = Cleary’s 3336F -- $29 vs.
$73 (quart)
Bifen I/T = Talstar -- $42 vs. $80
(quart)
RTU and OTC Products
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Products available at Lowe’s, Home Depot,
etc.
Bayer Advanced Garden Products
– www.bayeradvanced.com
– Rose & Flower Insect Killer
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A combination of Merit and Tempo
Available in spray bottle, hose-end sprayer and
concentrate
– 2 in 1 Systemic Rose & Flower Care
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Granules sprinkled around bush and watered-in
12-18-6 fertilizer
Orthene-like systemic insecticide - disulfoton
RTU and OTC Products
(Cont.)
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More Bayer Advanced Garden Products
– All-in-One Rose & Flower Care
Merit insecticide plus Banner Maxx fungicide
 9-14-9 fertilizer
 Mixed 4 tbsp/quart and used as a drench
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– Bayer Advanced Disease Control
Concentrate diluted 1.5 tbsp/gallon to spray
 Active ingredient same as Banner Maxx
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Some Other RTU/OTC
Products
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Safer Brand 3 in 1 Garden Spray – uses fatty acids,
sulfur and neem oil (MOA 6) to create an
environmentally safe insecticide, fungicide and
miticide
Green Light Bioganic Organic Rose & Flower Readyto-Use – uses plant oils (MOA 6) to create an
environmentally safe insecticide, fungicide and
miticide
Ortho Orthenex Insect & Disease Control – active
ingredients are acephate (Orthene) and triforine
(same chemical group as Banner Maxx)
GardenTech Sevin – OTC version of this very
effective insecticide (MOA 1)
Pesticide Storage
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Rules for safe storage:
– Be sure that the caps on all pesticide containers are
securely sealed, and use the original container whenever
possible.
– Keep pesticides at “room temperature” in a locked room
and out of reach of children or animals.
– Do not carry over pesticide products whose labels are lost
or illegible.
– Store glass bottles in a metal or plastic container -- in case
the glass breaks its contents are contained.
– As a precaution store water soluble bags (e.g., Zyban) in a
waterproof container.
– Try to purchase pesticides in a container size small enough
that the product will be used up during one growing
season – in view of the shelf life limitations this could
prove to be the most economical way to stock your
chemical arsenal.
Pesticide Shelf Life
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Indicators of pesticide breakdown:
– Emulsifiable Concentrates – addition of water does not
produce a milky solution.
– Emulsified in Water -- the concentrate has separated and
shaking or the addition of water does not produce a milky
solution.
– Wettable Powders – powder has formed lumps and will not
mix or disperse in water.
– Water Dispersible Granules – not as likely to lump, but
should continue to mix easily with or disperse in water.
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Don’t rely on powders stored more than two years
and liquids more than three
Pesticide Disposal
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When the pesticide is no longer effective
DON’T throw it in the trash
Many of the chemicals we use are real
threats to our groundwater (e.g., Merit)
Empty containers at local Household
Hazardous Waste Disposal Center
– Wood Recycling Facility, 3925 North
Hawthorne Street in Chattanooga
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Triple-rinse recyclable containers – apply
rinse water to garden
And, Finally...Adjuvants
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Adjuvant – serving to help or assist –
something to make a spray more effective
Stirrup M – a pheromone (sexual attractant)
that draws spider mites to any spray in
which it’s mixed
Indicate 5 – adjusts pH of spray water and
serves as a spreader-sticker – most sprays
more effective in a slightly acidic liquid
Hi-Yield Spreader-Sticker (or any other OTC
brand) – makes spray adhere to foliage
instead of dribbling off