Transcript Slide 1

The national childhood flu
immunisation programme
2014/15
Training for healthcare practitioners
Key messages
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•
In 2012 the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI)
recommended that the seasonal influenza (flu) programme should be extended
to all children aged 2 to under 17 years of age
•
This extension to the flu vaccination programme should reduce the impact of
seasonal flu on children and reduce transmission of flu within the community
•
The phased introduction of this programme began in 2013 with flu vaccine
being offered to all two and three year olds and to some primary school aged
children in pilot areas
•
From 1st September 2014, the seasonal flu vaccination programme will be
extended to all two, three and four year old children, with pilots in some primary
and secondary school aged children
•
All those involved in immunisation have a key role in promoting high uptake of
flu vaccination in children through increasing awareness of the programme
The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Aims of resource
This training resource aims to:
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•
Develop the knowledge base of healthcare practitioners regarding the
extension of the flu vaccination programme to children
•
Support healthcare practitioners involved in discussing flu vaccination for
children with parents and carers by providing evidence based information
•
Promote high uptake of flu vaccination in children through increasing the
knowledge of those involved in delivering the vaccination programme
•
Provide information on the administration of Fluenz Tetra®
The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Learning Outcomes
Following training, healthcare practitioners will be able to:
• Understand the evidence base for the administration of flu vaccination to children
• Describe the aetiology of flu
• Understand how flu is transmitted and the possible effects of flu on children
• Explain which vaccine should be used and the precautions and contraindications
to this vaccine
• Explain the possible side effects from the live attenuated flu vaccine (Fluenz
Tetra®)
• Explain the sequence of steps in Fluenz Tetra® administration
• Identify sources of additional information
• Understand the importance of their role in raising the issue of vaccination with
parents and carers of children and providing evidence based information about
flu vaccination
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
What is flu?
•
Flu is an acute viral infection of the respiratory tract (nose, mouth,
throat, bronchial tubes and lungs)
•
Highly infectious illness which spreads rapidly in closed
communities
•
Even people with mild or no symptoms can infect others
•
Most cases in the UK occur during an 8-10 week period during the
winter
The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Influenza (flu) viruses
There are 3 types of influenza (flu) viruses:
A viruses
• Cause outbreaks most years and are the usual cause of epidemics
• Animal reservoir – wildfowl, also carried by other mammals
B viruses
• Tend to cause less severe disease and smaller outbreaks
• Burden of disease mostly in children
• Predominantly found in humans
C viruses
• Minor respiratory illness only
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Flu A virus
Genetic material (RNA) in the centre
Two surface antigens:
• Haemagglutinin (H)
• Neuraminidase (N)
There are 16 different types of H
and 9 different types of N
The blue protuberances represent
haemagglutinin and the red spikes
neuraminidase.
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Genetic changes in the flu virus – what this means
Changes in the surface antigens (H &N) result in the flu virus constantly
changing
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Antigenic drift: minor changes which tend to occur from season to season
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Antigenic shift: major changes and the emergence of new subtype.
Immunity from previous virus may not protect against new subtype thus leading to
widespread epidemic or pandemic in a non-immune population
Because of the changing nature of flu viruses, WHO monitors their epidemiology
throughout the world
Each year WHO makes recommendations about the strains of influenza A and B
which are predicted to be circulating in the forthcoming winter
These strains are then included in the influenza vaccine developed each year
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Features of flu
• Transmitted by large droplets, small-particle aerosols and by hand to
mouth/eye contamination from an infected surface or respiratory
secretions of infected person
• Incubation period 1-5 days (average 2-3 days) though may be longer
especially in people with immune deficiency
Common symptoms include:
• Sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, myalgia & severe fatigue
• Dry cough, sore throat and stuffy nose
• In young children gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting and
diarrhoea may be seen
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Possible complications of flu
Common:
• Bronchitis
• Otitis media (children), sinusitis
• Secondary bacterial pneumonia
Less common:
• Meningitis, encephalitis
• Primary influenza pneumonia
Risk of most serious illness higher in children under 6 months, pregnant
women, older people and those with underlying health conditions such as
respiratory disease, cardiac disease or immunosuppression
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Flu vaccination programme
• Late 1960s: annual flu immunisation recommended in the UK with the aim
of directly protecting those in clinical risk groups who are at a higher risk of
influenza associated morbidity and mortality
• 2000: flu vaccine policy extended to include all people aged 65 years or
over
• 2010: pregnancy added as a clinical risk category for routine influenza
immunisation
• 2013: phased introduction of an extension to offer annual flu vaccination to
all children aged 2-17y began with the inclusion of children aged 2 and 3
years in the routine programme and pilots in some primary schools
• 2014: phased introduction of childhood flu vaccination programme
continues with the vaccine to be offered to all children aged 2, 3 and 4
years and pilots in some primary and secondary schools
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Rollout of the childhood flu vaccination programme in England
• Extending flu programme to all children involves considerable planning and
work in order to obtain a high level of uptake
• For this reason, programme is being rolled out over a number of seasons and
includes geographical piloting in different age groups
• The pilots will allow Public Health England and NHS England opportunity to
ascertain the most effective way of implementing it
In 2014/15, flu vaccination will be offered to
• All those aged two, three and four years old (but not five years or older) on 1
September 2014 (i.e. date of birth on or after 2 Sept 2009 and on or before 1 Sept 2012)
• Primary school aged children in the geographical pilots started in 2013/14
• Secondary school aged children in Years 7 and 8 (11-13 years old) in different
geographical locations
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Why has the seasonal flu vaccination
programme been extended to include
children (2 to 17 years of age)?
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Why vaccinate children against flu?
Extension of the seasonal flu vaccination programme to all children aims to
appreciably lower the public health impact of flu by:
Providing direct protection thus preventing a large number of cases of flu in
children
Providing indirect protection by lowering flu transmission from:
• Child to child
• Child to adult
• Child to those in the clinical risk groups of any age
Reducing flu transmission in the community will avert many cases of severe flu
and flu-related deaths in older adults and people with clinical risk factors
Annual administration of flu vaccine to children is expected to substantially
reduce flu-related illness, GP consultations, hospital admissions and deaths
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Recent review of burden of flu in children
• Average influenza season: estimated 0.3% to 9.8% of 0-14 year old
children present to a GP with influenza
• Incidence rates can be markedly higher in the younger age groups
• Influenza associated hospitalisation rates:
- 83-1,038/ 100,000 children 0-59 months old (highest in <6m)
- 16-210/100,000 children 5-17 years
• Children more vulnerable to infection than adults when exposed
• Children with influenza contribute to the burden of influenza in all age
groups because they are more likely to pass on the infection than
adults
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Cost effectiveness of extending seasonal flu
vaccination programme to children
Studies commissioned by the JCVI suggest that despite
the high cost, extending the flu vaccination programme to
children is:
•Highly likely to be cost-effective
•Well below the established cost-effectiveness threshold
when indirect protection to the whole population is taken
into account, particularly over the longer-term
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2013/14 childhood flu uptake and pilots
2013/14: all 2 and 3 year olds offered vaccination through GP surgeries
National uptake was 42.6% for two year olds and 39.6% for three year olds
A pilot programme began for children of primary school age, with children in
school years 1 to 6 being offered vaccination through pilot programmes in 7
areas
Uptake rates in the pilot areas varied from 35.8% in the pharmacy/GP based
model to 71.5% in the most successful school based pilot
The pilots tested a variety of delivery methods:
-school nursing teams and specialist immunisation teams (both working in
schools)
-one model delivered vaccine through community pharmacy and GPs
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Impact of 2013/14 childhood flu pilots
In 7 pilots areas, a total of 104,792 primary age children received at least
1 dose of flu vaccine (overall uptake of 52.5% in the target group)
Despite low flu activity in 2013/14, early results suggest a positive impact
In pilot areas compared to non-pilot areas:
• There were fewer GP consultations and A&E attendances for ‘influenza
like’ and respiratory illness
• Fewer people tested positive for flu in primary care
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Which flu vaccine should be used?
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Types of flu vaccines
Two main types of vaccine available:
• Inactivated - by intramuscular injection
• Live - by nasal application
None of the influenza vaccines can cause clinical influenza in those that can be
vaccinated
Most inactivated flu vaccines are trivalent, containing two subtypes of Influenza
A and one type B virus
An inactivated quadrivalent vaccine containing both B virus types was made
available for the first time in 2013*. As quadrivalent vaccines may be better
matched and therefore may provide better protection against the circulating B
strain(s) than trivalent influenza vaccines, a quadrivalent live intranasal
vaccine will be offered to children aged 2yrs and over in the 2014/15 flu
season
*Quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine is only authorised for children aged three years and older
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV)
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A live attenuated intranasal spray called Fluenz Tetra® is the recommended
vaccine for the childhood flu programme
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The live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) has been shown to be more
effective in children compared with inactivated influenza vaccines
•
It may offer some protection against strains not contained in the vaccine as well as
to those that are
•
Since this vaccine is comprised of weakened whole live virus, it replicates natural
infection which induces better immune memory (thereby offering better long-term
protection to children than from the inactivated vaccines)
•
In addition to being attenuated (weakened), the live viruses in Fluenz Tetra® have
been adapted to cold so that they cannot replicate in lungs efficiently at body
temperature
•
Fluenz Tetra® has a good safety profile in children aged two years and older and a
very similar trivalent vaccine has an established history of use in the United States
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
How many doses?
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Two doses of the inactivated influenza vaccines are required to achieve
adequate antibody levels in younger children
•
However a single dose of LAIV should provide protection to previously
unvaccinated healthy children
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Only modest additional protection provided by a second dose of LAIV
•
JCVI advise greater population health impact can be achieved if the limited
quantity of LAIV available is given as one dose schedule to larger number
of children
•
Only children who are in clinical risk groups aged two to less than nine
years who have not received influenza vaccine previously should be offered
a second dose of LAIV (given at least 4 weeks apart)
The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Fluenz Tetra®
• Generic name: influenza vaccine (live attenuated, nasal)
• Brand name: Fluenz Tetra®
• Marketed by AstraZeneca
• Licensed from 24 months to less than 18 years of age
• Nasal spray (suspension) in a prefilled nasal applicator
• Supplied as pack containing 10 doses
Image courtesy of AstraZenica
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Fluenz Tetra® composition 2014/15
Active ingredient:
A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus
A/Texas/50/2012 (H3N2)-like virus
B/Massachusetts/2/2012-like virus
B/Brisbane/60/2008-like virus
Excipients:
Sucrose
Dibasic potassium phosphate
Monobasic potassium phosphate
Gelatin (porcine type A)
Arginine hydrochloride
Monosodium glutamate monohydrate
Water for injection
Residues:
Egg proteins (e.g. ovalbumin)
Gentamicin
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Fluenz Tetra® presentation
• Single use prefilled nasal applicator
• Ready to use (no reconstitution or dilution required)
• Nasal spray (suspension)
• The suspension is colourless to pale yellow, clear to opalescent. Small
white particles may be present
• Each applicator contains 0.2ml (administered as 0.1 ml per nostril)
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Storage of Fluenz Tetra®
Fluenz Tetra® must be stored in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions:
• Store between +2°C and +8°C
• Do not freeze
• Store in original packaging
• Protect from light
Check expiry dates regularly:
• Fluenz Tetra® has an expiry date 18 weeks after manufacture – this is much
shorter than inactivated flu vaccines
• It is important that the expiry date on the nasal spray applicator is checked
before use
• It is highly likely that all the Fluenz Tetra® supplied centrally will have
expired by February 2015. It is therefore important to ensure that efforts
are made to vaccinate children before the Christmas holidays
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Fluenz Tetra® dosage and schedule reminder
• A single dose is 0.2ml (administered as 0.1ml per nostril)
• A single dose for all children not in clinical at risk group
•
Children aged 2 years to less than 9 years who are in clinical at risk groups
and who have not received flu vaccine before should receive two doses of
Fluenz Tetra® (if not immunocompromised) with the second dose at least
four weeks after the first
NB: This advice differs from that given in the Fluenz Tetra® SPC
Where Green Book advice differs from SPC, Green Book should be followed
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Administration of Fluenz Tetra®
• Fluenz Tetra® is different from other influenza vaccines - it is a live
nasal vaccine and must not be injected
• Fluenz Tetra® can be administered at the same time as, or at any interval
from other vaccines including live vaccines
• Patient should breathe normally - no need to actively inhale or sniff
• The vaccine is rapidly absorbed so no need to repeat either half of dose if
patient sneezes, blows their nose or their nose drips following
administration
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Administration of Fluenz Tetra®
The vaccine may only be administered:
• Against a prescription written manually or electronically by a registered
medical practitioner or other authorised prescriber
• Against a Patient Specific Direction
• Against a Patient Group Direction
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Fluenz Tetra® Applicator
Image taken from Fluenz Tetra® SPC 2014
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Administration of Fluenz Tetra®
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Administration of Fluenz Tetra®
Images taken from Fluenz Tetra® SPC 2014
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Administration video
A video for health professionals
on how to administer the
Fluenz Tetra® vaccine has
been produced by NHS
Education for Scotland
It is available to view on the NES
website at:
http://www.nes.scot.nhs.uk/edu
cation-and-training/by-themeinitiative/public-health/healthprotection/seasonal-flu.aspx
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Contraindications to Fluenz Tetra®
There are very few children who cannot receive any
influenza vaccine
Where there is doubt, expert advice should be sought
promptly so that the period the child is left unvaccinated
is minimised
Where live flu vaccine cannot be given, it is likely that
inactivated vaccine could be given instead
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Contraindications to Fluenz Tetra®
• Confirmed anaphylactic reaction to a previous dose of influenza
vaccine
• Confirmed anaphylactic reaction to any component of the vaccine
including gentamicin and gelatin
• Severely immunodeficient due to conditions or immunosuppressive
therapy:





Acute and chronic leukaemias
Lymphoma
HIV positive patient not on highly active antiretroviral therapy
Cellular immune deficiencies
High dose steroids
• Individuals receiving salicylate therapy
• Egg allergy
• Known to be pregnant
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2014/15
Severe asthma or active wheezing
The live attenuated influenza vaccine (Fluenz Tetra®) is not recommended for
children with:
•
a history of active wheezing at the time of vaccination (until at least 7 days
after wheezing has stopped) or
•
who are currently taking or have been prescribed oral steroids in the last 14
days or
•
who are currently taking a high dose inhaled steroid - Budesonide >800
mcg/day or equivalent* (e.g. Fluticasone > 500 mcgs/day) because of
limited safety data in these groups
* In children aged 5-12 years, the definition of severe asthma corresponds to the British Thoracic
Society BTS Sign Step 5
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Egg allergy
•
Fluenz Tetra® contains traces of egg (ovalbumin content ≤0.24ug/0.2ml
dose) and is therefore not suitable for egg-allergic children
•
Children with egg allergy should be immunised in primary care using either
an egg-free influenza vaccine or, if not available, an inactivated influenza
vaccine with an ovalbumin content less than 0.12 µg/ml (equivalent to 0.06
µg for 0.5 mL dose)
•
Only children who have either confirmed anaphylaxis to egg or egg allergy
and severe uncontrolled asthma should be referred to specialists for
immunisation in hospital
•
The ovalbumin content of influenza vaccines is given in the Green Book
Influenza chapter
The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Precautions to Fluenz Tetra®
Acute severe febrile illness:
•
defer until recovered
Heavy nasal congestion:
•
defer until resolved or consider inactivated influenza vaccine
Use with antiviral agents against flu:
• Fluenz Tetra® should not be administered at the same time or within 48 hours
of cessation of treatment with flu antiviral agents
• Administration of flu antiviral agents within two weeks of administration of
Fluenz Tetra® may adversely affect the effectiveness of the vaccine
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Inadvertent administration of Fluenz Tetra®
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•
If an immunocompromised individual receives LAIV in error, the degree of
immunosuppression should be assessed
•
If patient is severely immunocompromised, antiviral prophylaxis should be
considered, otherwise they should be advised to seek medical advice if they
develop flu-like symptoms in the four days following administration of the
vaccine
•
If antivirals are used for prophylaxis or treatment, the patient should also be
offered inactivated influenza vaccine in order to maximise their protection in
the forthcoming flu season. This can be given straight away
The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Risk of transmission of vaccine virus
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•
Theoretical potential for transmission of live attenuated virus to very
severely immunocompromised contacts (e.g. bone marrow transplant
patients requiring isolation)
•
Risk is for one to two weeks following vaccination
•
Extensive use of the live attenuated influenza vaccine in United States no reported instances of illness or infections from the vaccine virus among
immunocompromised patients inadvertently exposed to vaccinated
children
•
However, where close contact with very severely immunocompromised
individuals is likely or unavoidable (e.g. household members) consider an
appropriate inactivated flu vaccine instead
The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Exposure of healthcare professionals to live
attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV)
•
There may be some low level exposure to the vaccine viruses for those administering
LAIV
•
In the US, where there has been extensive use of LAIV, no reported instances of illness
or infections from the vaccine virus among HCPs or immunocompromised patients
inadvertently exposed
•
Risk of acquiring vaccine viruses from the environment is unknown but probably low
•
The vaccine viruses are cold-adapted and attenuated and therefore unlikely to cause
symptomatic influenza
•
As a precaution, very severely immunosuppressed individuals should not
administer LAIV
•
However, others in clinical risk groups for influenza, including those with asthma and
pregnant women can administer this vaccine
The national flu immunisation programme 2014/15
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Infection control issues
There are no specific infection control precautions required when
administering Fluenz Tetra®
Routine hand hygiene procedures should be performed before and after
each child contact
Gloves and aprons are not required
Disposal of clinical waste:
Empty Fluenz Tetra® applicators should be disposed of in accordance with
local procedures for disposal of clinical waste
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Adverse reactions to Fluenz Tetra®
Common adverse reactions (affects more than 1 in 10 Fluenz Tetra® recipients)
•
Blocked or runny nose
•
Headache
•
Fever
•
Malaise
•
Myalgia
•
Decreased appetite
Hypersensitivity reactions (including oedema, urticaria and bronchospasm) can
occur but are very rare
The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Reporting suspected adverse reactions
As with all vaccines during the earlier stages of their introduction, Fluenz Tetra®
carries a black triangle symbol (▼)
This is to encourage reporting of all suspected adverse reactions to the
Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) using the
Yellow Card scheme
Yellow card scheme: http://mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard;
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•
Voluntary reporting system for suspected adverse reaction to
medicine/vaccines
•
Success depends on early, complete and accurate reporting
•
Report even if uncertain about whether vaccine caused condition
•
See chapter 8 of Green Book for details
The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Vaccine ordering
• PHE has centrally procured both live and inactivated flu vaccine for all
children aged from 6 months to less than 18 years old
• This is for those children who are part of the extension of the
programme (2,3,4yrs and pilots) and those children in clinical risk
groups who are not part of the extension
i.e. PHE will supply LAIV (Fluenz Tetra®) for those who can receive it and
inactivated flu vaccine for those children for whom Fluenz Tetra® is not suitable
or contraindicated
• All flu vaccines for children can be ordered through the ImmForm
website, as for other centrally purchased vaccines
(www.immform.dh.gov.uk)
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Vaccine ordering
Centrally purchased flu vaccines available for each eligible cohort in the children’s
programme in 2014/15 are as follows (order through ImmForm website):
Eligible cohort
Vaccine available
6 months to less than 2 years
old in clinical risk group
Offer trivalent inactivated flu vaccine
2 year olds to less than 17 years Offer LAIV (Fluenz®). If Fluenz® unsuitable,
old in roll-out cohort and pilots then offer suitable inactivated flu vaccine.
2 year olds to less than 18 years Offer LAIV (Fluenz®). If Fluenz® unsuitable,
old clinical risk groups (not in
then offer suitable inactivated flu vaccine.
roll-out cohort and pilots)
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Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (TIV) for children
contraindicated to receive Fluenz Tetra®
•
Children for whom Fluenz Tetra® is contraindicated should be offered a
suitable alternative influenza vaccine
•
Some inactivated flu vaccines have been associated with high rates of febrile
convulsions in childtren
•
Check SPC for vaccine suitability before administration
•
Guidance on which vaccines to use for those children who cannot
receive Fluenz® can be found in the Green Book influenza chapter
•
Fluarix Tetra® is the preferred vaccine for those children aged three years
and over who cannot receive Fluenz Tetra®
(N.B This quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (Fluarix Tetra®) is only authorised for children
aged three years and older)
The national flu immunisation programme 2014/15
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Beware of product confusion!
Fluarix Tetra® is an inactivated vaccine being supplied for children aged
three and over who cannot receive the live Fluenz Tetra® vaccine
Care must be taken not to confuse the two
‘Tetra’ brands
One way of remembering which vaccine is which is:
• Fluenz is the nazal flu vaccine
• Fluarix is the arm injected vaccine
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Porcine gelatine
•
Fluenz Tetra® contains porcine gelatine
•
Gelatine is used to stabilise live viral vaccines and is contained in many
pharmaceutical products, not just Fluenz Tetra®
•
There is currently no alternative vaccine of equivalent efficacy that does not
include porcine gelatine
•
Anyone who does not wish to be vaccinated with Fluenz Tetra® can refuse
vaccination. However, current policy is that only those who are in clinical risk
groups or have clinical contra-indications are offered an inactivated injectable
vaccine as an alternative to Fluenz Tetra®
• See PHE’s website (www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-and-gelatine-pheresponse) for Q&As, responses from different faith groups and more information
on vaccines and gelatine
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The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Recording of flu vaccine given to children
The following information should be recorded:
●
vaccine name, product name, batch number and expiry date
●
dose administered
●
date immunisation given
●
route/site used
●
name and signature of vaccinator
This information should be recorded in:
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Personal Child Health Record (the ‘Red Book’)
●
Child’s GP record (or other patient record, depending on location)
●
Child Health Information System
●
Practice computer system
The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Key messages
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•
In 2012 the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI)
recommended that the seasonal influenza (flu) programme should be extended
to all children aged 2 to under 17 years of age
•
This extension to the flu vaccination programme should reduce the impact of
seasonal flu on children and reduce transmission of flu within the community
•
The phased introduction of this programme began in 2013 with flu vaccine
being offered to all two and three year olds and to some primary school aged
children in pilot areas
•
From 1st September 2014, the seasonal flu vaccination programme will be
extended to all two, three and four year old children, with pilots in some primary
and secondary school aged children
•
All those involved in immunisation have a key role in promoting high uptake of
flu vaccination in children through increasing awareness of the programme
The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Resources
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•
Letter detailing childhood programme: Department of Health, Public Health England,
NHS England. The national flu immunisation programme 2014/15. 28 April 2014.
Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/flu-immunisation-programme2014-to-2015
•
Green Book updated Influenza chapter July 2014. Available at:
https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/public-health-england/series/immunisationagainst-infectious-disease-the-green-book
•
A leaflet and a poster have been prepared specifically for the childhood influenza
programme. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/public-healthengland/series/annual-flu-programme
•
A video for health professionals on how to administer the vaccine produced by
NHS Education for Scotland is available at http://www.nes.scot.nhs.uk/education-andtraining/by-theme-initiative/public-health/health-protection/seasonal-flu.aspx
•
Fluenz Tetra® Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) available at
http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR__Product_Information/human/002617/WC500158412.pdf
The national childhood flu immunisation programme 2014/15
Acknowledgement
This training slide set has been adapted for use in England from one originally
developed by NHS Education for Scotland
Their permission to adapt it is gratefully acknowledged
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