THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 6 KINGDOMS

Animal Kingdom

* Food – Cannot make their own food .

* Multi-cellular organisms * They have a nucleus (eukaryotic) * Can move on their own .

Reproduction – Asexual and sexual Examples – Humans, crustaceans, spiders, insects, fish, birds, mammals, sponges, hydras, coral, worms, etc.

Examples of Animals Sea anemone Sea horse butterfly hydra Poison Dart frog Great White Shark human

Plant Kingdom

* Food – make their own food by photosynthesis.

*Multi-cellular * They have a nucleus (eukaryotic) * Cannot move on their own .

Reproduction – Sexually and asexually Examples – rose, cactus, grass, daisy, ferns, trees

Examples of Plant Kingdom

Kingdom Fungi

* Food – do not make their own food. Decomposers * Unicellular and multicellular .

* Have a nucleus (eukaryotic ) * Cannot move Reproduction – Sexual and Asexual Examples – yeast, mushrooms, mold, mildew, athletes foot, ringworm

Examples of Fungi Athletes Foot Bread mold mushroom Foot Fungus ringworm yeast Bread mold magnified

Kingdom Protists

* Food – Some make their own food (plantlike); others cannot (animal-like).

* Unicellular and Multi-cellular * They have a nucleus (eukaryotic) * Some can move on their own .

Reproduction – Asexual Examples – Euglena, paramecium, amoeba, slime mold, volvox, algae,diatoms, giant kelp

Examples of Protists Algae Amoeba Euglena Fission Stentor Paramecium Volvox Red algae

KINGDOM EUBACTERIA

*Food – Some can make their own food: other cannot.

* Unicellular organisms .

* No Nucleus (prokaryotic) * Some move and other do not .

Reproduction – asexual Roles: decomposers, food makers, help digest food, clean oil spills, makes nitrogen rich soil(helps plants grow), etc.

Examples of Eubacteria Anthrax Bacteria help digest food E. Coli Binary Fission Strep Blue green algae

Kingdom Archaebacteria

This hot, sulfur-rich, acidic pool in Yellowstone National Park is home to species of Archea, including Sulfolobus.

Some archaens live 1000’s of miles deep in the ocean near superheated volcanic vents.

KINGDOM ARCHAEBACTERIA

* Food- Some cannot make their own food; others do.

* Unicellular organisms * No Nucleus (prokaryotic) * Some can move and other cannot Reproduction – asexual Three main types – salt loving, heat loving, and methane makers, harsh environments

Eubacteria Let’s Practice Which kingdom does each organism belong?

Animal Protists protists plant Fungus Eubacteria animal Animal Fungus Archaebacteria

BELLRINGERS

1. Define: living, dead, nonliving .

2. Give examples of living, nonliving and dead objects.

3. Describe how you would know if an object is living or nonliving?

4. Define: multicellular, unicellular, autotroph, heterotroph 5. Define: prokaryotic cell, eukaryotic cell 6. Define: taxonomy, classification, kingdom, organism

Bellringer: Define: classification, taxonomy List 3 ways humans use classification every day.

Classification of living things

THE SCIENCE OF CLASSIFICATION

Humans naturally like to put objects into groups in order to make sense out of the world around us.

For example, at home you organize your socks from your pants, your forks from your cups.

Classification Grouping objects according to their similar characteristics.

Taxonomy The science of classifying living things.

WHY CLASSIFY?

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To know how many known species there are in the world

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To know the characteristics of each species

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To know the relationships between species

SCIENTISTS BEHIND TAXONOMY Aristotle was the first person to come up with a classification system for living things. He divided animals into three groups: those that walked, those that swam and those that flew. Why was this not the best classification system for animals?

NOT SO FAST ARISTOTLE!!!

In the 1700’s, Carolus Linnaeus modern disagreed with Aristotle’s classification system. He invented the classification system we use today. It is called BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE .

Today, scientists group organisms not only by their physical characteristics BUT by their evolutionary relationships (ancient ancestors).

LINNAEUS’ SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION

Binomial Nomenclature – A naming system that gives every living thing a TWO word name. This unique two word name is called the SCIENTIFIC NAME .

Uses LATIN the language of scientists .

Scientific names

italics

if typed or underlined handwritten are always written in if The first word is the GENUS CAPITALIZED.

and is always The second word is the SPECIES LOWER CASE . and is always

1.

7 LEVELS OF CLASSIFICATION

Kingdom 7.

Species 2.

Phylum 3.

Class 4.

Order 5.

Family 6.

Genus **A scientific name is the genus and species.

Katie Put Cream On Fresh Green Strawberries

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WHY TWO NAMES FOR

language

EVERYTHING?



Because people give objects more than one name. for example: What is the name of this cat?

Mountain lion puma cougar American Lion All are correct but its ONE scientific name is

Felis concolor

LET’S PRACTICE

Which scientific names are written correctly?

HOMO SAPIEN

Tyrannosaurus rex

Felis domesticus panthera leo Canis Lupus elephas Maximus

LOOKING FOR RELATIONSHIPS

Remember that one of the goals of classification is to find out how certain living things may be related to one another.

What makes a living thing part of the Animal Kingdom?

Eukaryotic Multicellular Locomotion Cannot make its own food ARE ALL OF THESE ANIMALS?

1.

7 LEVELS OF CLASSIFICATION

Kingdom 7.

Species 2.

Phylum 3.

Class 4.

Order 5.

Family 6.

Genus **A scientific name is the genus and species.

Katie Put Cream On Fresh Green Strawberries

KINDOM ANIMAL PHYLUM CHORDATA CLASS MAMMALIA ORDER CARNIVORA FAMILY FELIDAE GENUS

Panthera

SPECIES

leo

Phylogeny – the evolutionary history of an organism PHYLOGENY OF MAN Kingdom Animalia Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Chordata (having a spinal cord) Mammalia (have hair, give milk) Primates (walk mostly on 2 legs) Homindae (advanced brain that can think and reason)

Homo sapien

PHYLOGENY OF THE WOLF Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Animalia Chordata Mammalia Carnivora Canidae

Canis lupus