Transcript Class01_2 - Foundation Coalition

Teams As Used In CVEN 349
Module 01-04
Revised: January 16, 2003
Original Developed by Jim Morgan for ENGR 111/112
What is a Team Anyway?
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A team is a small group of people
with complementary skills who are
committed to a common purpose,
performance goals, and approach for
which they hold themselves mutually
accountable.
Why Teams In The Classroom?
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Working in groups enhances
activities in Active/Collaborative
Learning and for practice
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Team skills are valued by industry
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real engineers work in teams
Common Team Problems
(Student’s Perspective)
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One of my teammates never comes to class.
One of my teammates never participants
No one comes to our meeting prepared to
work
One of my team members of very rude
Most of my teammates just want to rush to
accomplishment.
Five Issues to be Considered
in Team Building

Interdependence - This is the
issue of how each member's
outcomes are determined, at
least in part, by the actions of
the other members.
Five Issues to be Considered
in Team Building

Goal Specification - It is very
important for team members to
have common goals for team
achievement, as well as to
communicate clearly individual
goals that you may have.
Five Issues to be Considered
in Team Building

Cohesiveness - This term refers to the
attractiveness of team membership. Teams
are “attractive” to the extent that
membership in them “adds value”, that is,
members are drawn toward the team
because of the benefits. Task cohesiveness
refers to the way in which skills and abilities
of the team members mesh to allow effective
performance.
Five Issues to be Considered
in Team Building
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Roles and Norms - All teams need to
develop a set of roles and norms over
time.
Roles - For a student team, the role structure will
enable the team to cope more effectively with the
requirements of a given task. The roles may be
rotated so that all team members experience, and
learn from, the various positions held. It is extremely
important that the roles are understood and accepted
by team members.
Five Issues to be Considered
in Team Building

Norms - Norms are the rules governing the
behavior of team members, and include the
rewards for behaving in accord with normative
requirements, as well as the sanctions for norm
violations. It is not uncommon for a set of
norms to develop between team members
which are never actively discussed. However, it
is always better to have interaction rules appear
in the form of a written document, such as in a
Code of Cooperation (more about this later).
Five Issues to be Considered
in Team Building
 Communication - Effective interpersonal
communication is vital to the smooth functioning
of any task team. It is also important for a team
to develop an effective communication network;
who communicates with whom; is there anybody
"out of the loop?" Norms will develop governing
communication. Do those norms encourage
everyone to participate, or do they allow one or
two dominant members to claim all the "air
time?"
Team Composition and Roles
KEY TEAM ROLES INCLUDE: Meeting
Coordinator, Recorder, Timekeeper,
Encourager/ gatekeeper, Devil’s
Advocate.
Roles should rotate among team
members.
Important Team Roles
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Meeting Coordinator - Coordinates and
prepares the agenda (i.e, what needs to be
accomplished, establishes a process, etc.) ;
coordinates time, date and place of meetings;
ensures all necessary resources are available for
the meetings; keeper of the Code of Cooperation
(to be discussed); monitors the decision making
process; coordinates the process check.
However, this person IS NOT THE BOSS.
Important Team Roles

(continued)
Recorder - the recorder is the person responsible for
doing the writing of the team whenever group work is being
done. This should maximum participation by the rest of the
team, since no one else needs to worry about it. If
required, the recorder also ensures that the process(es)
being used by the team is (are) documented and/or
prepares an ACTION LIST to keep a record of assigned
actions. In addition, the recorder makes sure that copies of
their work are provided to the rest of the team.
Important Team Roles
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(continued)
Time Keeper - the time keeper has the
responsibility of keeping tract of time, as well as
keeping the team moving so that they can finish
the task at hand.
Important Team Roles
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(continued)
Encourager/ Gatekeeper - the
encourager/gatekeeper has the task of giving
encouragement to all the other team members.
The person also has the responsibility of
maintaining a balanced level of participation for all
the members. They will encourage the silent
members and try to hold back the verbose,
dominate members.
Important Team Roles
(continued)
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Devil’s Advocate - the devil’s advocate
takes a position opposite to that held by the team
to ensure that all sides of an issue are considered.
This responsibility should be undertaken by all
team members.
Code of Cooperation
The agreed upon rules governing the
behavior of team members, as well as
any appropriate rewards and sanctions.
Code of Cooperation
• It sets a norm for acceptable behavior for
each team member and represents how the
team members will interact with one another;
• It should be developed, adopted, improved
and/or modified by all team members on a
continuous basis;
• It should be easily accessible to team
members -- bring a copy to meetings.
Exercise
INDIVIDUALLY, based upon your past
experiences, use 2 minutes to write
down the following:
What 2 elements would you like to see in
your teams Code of Cooperation?
Exercise
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AS A TEAM use 8 minutes to provide a
handwritten document after you take the
following action:
Discuss your individual Code of Cooperation
elements and come to an agreement as to the
ones everyone would like to include in a draft of
the Team Code of Cooperation. Once you
complete the above, add 3 new elements.
Five stages of Team
Development
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FORMING (orientation) - Tentative
interactions; polite discourse; concern
over ambiguity; and self-discourse.
STORMING (conflict) - Criticism of
ideas; poor attendance; hostility;
polarization; and coalition forming.
Five stages of Team
Development (continued)
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NORMING (cohesion) - Agreement on procedures;
reduction in role ambiguity; revise Code of
Cooperation based upon current experiences; and
increased "we-feeling”.
PERFORMING (performance) - Decision making;
problem solving; mutual cooperation; high task
orientation; and emphasis is placed upon
performance and production.
ADJOURNING (dissolution)
Effective Teamwork Includes
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The use of roles;
The development of a Code of Cooperation;
The use of the check for understanding to make
sure everybody is “on the same page”;
Development of effective listening skills;
The ability to give and take effective constructive
feedback;
Effective Teamwork Includes
(continued)
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The use of agendas for planning
meetings:
The use of contact before work to provide time
for non task related discussions;
The definition of decision-making processes to
be included in the agenda;
The use of the issue bin to provide time for
discussion of items not in the agenda; and
The use of an ACTION LIST to keep a record of
assigned actions;
Effective Teamwork Includes
(continued)
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The use of a process check for
continuous improvement;
A commitment from ALL the members
of the team.