Transcript Multiple Intelligence Theory

Howard Gardner’s:
Theory of
Multiple Intelligence
[Frames of Mind-1983]
What is Intelligence?
• Traditional Definition:
“Intelligence is a uniform cognitive capacity people
are born with. This capacity can be easily
measured by short answer tests.
• Webster’s Definition:
“The Power of knowing, the ability to understand
and/or deal with new situations.”
What is Multiple Intelligence?
• According to Howard Gardner, a psychologist and
professor at Harvard University’s Graduate School of
Education, “An intelligence is the ability to solve
problems or to create products, that are valued
within one or more cultural settings.”
• The question is not “How smart am I?” but rather
“How am I smart?”
Features of Multiple Intelligence
• He claims that human beings have multiple
intelligences.
• Each individual has 9 intelligences in varying amounts
• These intelligences are located in different areas of
the brain.
• They either work independently or together.
• These MI can be nurtured and strengthened or
ignored & weakened.
• We can improve education by addressing these
multiple intelligences of our students.
How intelligences develop:
•Nature (Genetics)
•Nurture (Environment)
•Culture (Values)
Gardner’s Multiple
Intelligences:
1. Verbal/ Linguistic
2. Visual/ Spatial
3. Logical/ Mathematical
4. Musical/ Rhythmic
5. Bodily / Kinesthetic
6. Interpersonal
7. Intrapersonal
8. Naturalistic
9. Existential
Linguistic
Intelligence
~*Linguistic Intelligence*~
Gardner's Definition:
Linguistic Intelligence (Word Smart) is the
capacity to use language, your native language,
and perhaps other languages, to express what's
on your mind and to understand other people.
•People with high linguistic
intelligence are good at reading,
writing, telling stories and
memorizing words with dates.
Linguistic intelligent people
learn best by:
• Book
reporting
• Telling jokes
• Writing words
• Reading
• Journal writing
• Speaking
•Letter writing
•Storytelling
•Discussing
•Creative writing
•Debating
•Persuading
Careers
•Writer
•Lawyer
•Journalist
•Philosopher
•Poet
•Politician
•Teacher
•Orator
•Radio
Announcer
•Actor
•Translator
•Curator
Visual - Spatial
Intelligence
What is spatial intelligence?
• Spatial intelligence (Picture Smart)
is the capacity to think in images
and pictures, to visualize accurately
and abstractly.
• People with high visual-spatial
intelligence have the ability to
visualize with mind’s eye.
• They have the potential to recognize
and use the patterns of wide space
and more confined area.
Spatial intelligent people learn best
by:
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Brochures
Collages
Designs
Drawings
Flow Charts
Mapping
Molding Clay
Patterns
• Painting
• Photography
• Posters
• Sculpting
• Visualizing
• Idea Sketching
• Labeling
Careers
• Advertising
• Architect
• Cartographer(Map
Maker)
• Drafter
• Engineer
• Fine Artist
• Graphic Designer
• Fashion Designer
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Interior Designer
Inventor
Painter
Photographer
Pilot
Sculptor
Surveyor
Urban Planner
LogicalMathematical
Intelligence
Logical-Mathematical
Intelligence
• Logical-mathematical intelligence (Logic Smart) is
the capacity to use numbers effectively and reason
well.
• People with this intelligence think by reasoning, and
they love experimenting, questioning, figuring out
logical puzzles, and calculating.
• They are able to identify a problem and solve it right
there on the spot.
Mathematical Intelligent
people learn best by:
• Analyzing
• Categorizing
• Formulas
• Logic Games
• Numbers
• Outlining
• Patterns
• Problem Solving
•Reasoning
•Time Lines
•Synthesis
•Sequencing
•Rational Thinking
•Scientific Thinking
•Venn Diagrams
•Statistics
Careers
• Accountant
• Engineer
• Doctor
• Economist
• Logicians
• Mathematician
• Physicist
• Banker
• Scientist
• Businessperson
• Statistician
• Computer Analyst
• Technician
• Computer Programmer
• Science/Math Teacher
What is Musical Intelligence?
• Musical
intelligence
(Music Smart) is
the ability to
create and
appreciate tunes
and rhythm.
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intelligent people
are able to
distinguish the
sounds around
and can make
their own
melodies.
Musical Intelligent People learn
best by:
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Sing Ballads
Create Chants
Create Concept Songs
Discographies (lists of
musical selections to
enhance what you are
learning or teaching.)
Environmental Sounds
Humming
Illustrate With Sounds
Rhythms
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Instrumental sounds
Listening
Lyrics
Mood Music
Music Composition or creation
Musical concepts
Musical Performance
Percussion and Raps
Reproduce sounds and rhythms
Singing and Songs
Careers
• Song Writer
• Performing Musician
• Piano Tuner
• Singer
• Musical Theater Actor/
Actress
• Studio Engineer
• Instrument Manager
• Rapper
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Advertising Agent
Conductor
Disc Jockey
Film/Instrument
Maker
Composer
Music Teacher
Sound Engineer
Music Therapist
What is Bodily-Kinesthetic
Intelligence?
• Bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence (Body Smart) is an
expertise in using one’s whole body to
express ideas and feelings.
• It is the ability to control one’s body
movements and to handle objects skillfully.
• People with high bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence
have total body control, sense of timing, a clear
sense of the goal of a physical action, an ability to
train responses to become reflexes.
Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence
Thinking through physical sensations
Love
 Dancing
 Running
 Jumping
 Building
 Touching
 Gesturing
Need
Role play
Drama
Movement
Things to build
Sports and physical
games
 Tactile (touchable)
experiences
 Hands-on learning
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Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligent
People best learn by:
• Acting
• Charades
• Collections
• Demonstrations
• Experiments
• Field Trips
• Gymnastics
• Impersonations
• Inventing
• Martial Arts
• Miming
• Puppetry
• Visiting
• Exercise
Careers
• Actor
• Athlete
• Carpenter
• Choreographer
• Craftsman
• Dancer
• Police Officer
• Surgeon
• Mechanic
• Mime
• P.T. Teacher
• Physical Therapist
• Soldier
• Forest Ranger
Interpersonal
Intelligence
Interpersonal Intelligence
• Interpersonal intelligence, (people
smart), is understanding other people.
• Capacity to detect and respond
appropriately to the moods, motivations
and desires of others.
• People with high inter-personal
intelligence tend to be extroverts,
sensitive to other’s moods, feelings,
temperaments and motivations.
Interpersonally intelligent people
learn best by:
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Giving feedback to the teacher or to classmates
Understanding other's feelings
Person-to-person communication
Cooperative learning strategies
Receiving feedback
Group projects
Teaching someone else something new
Learning from someone outside of school
Other points of view
Creating group rules
Acting in a play or simulation
Conducting an interview
Creating "phone buddies" for homework
Sensing others’ motives
Creating group rules
Careers
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Administrator
Anthropologist
Arbitrator
Counselor
Manager
Nurse
Personnel Director
Politician
Social Worker
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Public Relations
Salesperson
School Principal
Sociologist
Therapist
Teacher
Travel Agent
Religious Leader
Psychologist
•Capacity to be self-aware (Self Smart)
and in tune with inner feelings, values,
beliefs and thinking processes.
•This intelligence includes having an
accurate picture of oneself (one’s strengths
and weaknesses); awareness of inner moods,
intentions, motivations, temperaments, and
desires; and the capacity for self-discipline,
self-understanding, and self-esteem.
•Essentially, it’s how well you know yourself.
*Autobiography
*Awareness of Personal Feelings
*Concentration
*Expression of Feelings
*Focusing
*Free-Choice Time
*Goal Setting
*Higher-Order Thinking and Reasoning
*Independent Studies Projects *Mood Awareness and Shifting
*Personal Application
* Personal Priorities
*Personal Projection
*Sensing the Emotions of the Moment
*Self –Identification
*Thinking Strategies
• Clergyman
• Entrepreneur
• Program planner
• Psychiatrist
• Psychology Teacher
• Philosopher
• Theologian
• Researcher
• Spiritual Counselor
• Psychologist
Naturalistic Intelligence
• Ability to recognize and categorize plants,
animals and other objects in nature.
• People with high naturalistic intelligence
(Nature Smart) are extremely sensitive
to nature, nurturing and relating information
to one’s natural surrounding.
Naturalistic Intelligent people learn
best by:
• Relating to the environment
• Day to day experiences
• Working in open atmosphere
• Studying about nature and environment
• Outdoor Exploration
• Science Experiments
• Field Trips
Careers
• Naturalists
• Farmers
• Gardeners
• Environmentalists
• Biologists
• Environmental activists
• Anthropologists
• Geologists
Existential Intelligence
• Sensitivity and capacity to tackle deep
questions about human existence such as
the meaning of life, why do we die and
how the world came into being(deep
question smart).
Caution for Educators !
• No intelligence is better than another
• Avoid categorizing students
• Don’t teach everything in all 8 ways
• Try to include each intelligence in each unit
or group of lessons
• Adjust ways of assessing
Questions to Ponder:
• What does it mean to be a multiple
intelligence teacher?
• How can I do a better job at teaching to
diverse intelligences?
• What are my strongest and weakest
intelligences?
• What are my goals? Will this benefit my
students and how?
Qualities of an
Effective MI Teacher:
• Communicative
• Committed
• Compassionate
• Creative
• Dependable
• Ethical
• Flexible
• Knowledgeable
• Motivational
• Organized
• Positive
• Patient
• Personable
• Perceptive
• Resourceful
• Sense of Humor
Hope you had
an enjoyable learning experience!
Prepared By: NAJMA KAZI
Email: [email protected]