ME 414 Thermal System Design
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Transcript ME 414 Thermal System Design
ME 414 Thermal-Fluid
Systems Design
Presented by:
Nick Hatcher
Aaron Huesman
Kelly Glover
Adam Douglas
Jacob Stephens
Sprinkler Design Theory
Example C demonstrates “head to
head coverage” or 100% Overlap
Source: http://www.irrigationtutorials.com/sprinkler15.htm
Sprinkler Requirements
Ground must be watered equally
Minimize waste water
Minimize time to deliver 1 inch of
water
Minimize capital cost
Minimize electric utility cost
Design Layout
Pipe Layout
Type of Sprinklers
and Pipe Sizes
13 Rainbird 1804 SAM-PRS
21 Rainbird 5004 PC-SAM
Square nozzle
18 ft. square
35 ft. radius
NSF ¾ in. PVC Pipe
Both Zones
¾ to ½ in. Reducers Used for Zone #1
Fathom Zone 1
Fathom Zone 2
Total Cost
Total Cost: $540.28
• Total Sprinkler Head Cost: $288.78
• Total PVC and Electronics Cost: $251.50
Sprinklers
Quantity
Radius (ft)
Rainbird Model #
15
35
5004 PC-SAM
Unit Price
$11.08
Total Price
$166.20
http://irritechonline.com/pro830079.html
Source
13
18 Square
1804 SAM-PRS
$4.65
$60.45
http://irritechonline.com/pro823663.html
13
18 Square
Rainbird 15SQ nozzle
$1.37
$17.81
http://irritechonline.com/pro837395.html
4
35
5004 PC-SAM
$11.08
$44.32
http://irritechonline.com/pro830079.html
Total Sprinkler Price
$288.78
PVC Pipe
Quantity
Length (feet)
Diameter and Specs
90
10
NSF 3/4 inch PVC Pipe (876.5 feet required)
Unit Price
$1.09
Total Price
$98.10
http://www.lowes.com
Source
2
10
1/2 inch PVC Pipe (13 feet required)
$1.09
$2.18
http://www.lowes.com
31
N/A
3/4 inch Tees
$0.27
$8.37
http://www.lowes.com
14
N/A
3/4 inch 90 Degree Elbows
$0.27
$3.78
http://www.lowes.com
13
N/A
3/4 inch to 1/2 inch Reducers
$0.20
$2.60
http://www.flexpvc.com
2
N/A
Rainbird 3/4 inch Control Valves
$16.70
$33.40
http://www.lowes.com
1
N/A
Backflow Prevention Valve
$3.67
$3.67
http://www.lowes.com
10
N/A
3/4 inch Couplers -10 pack
$1.36
$13.60
http://www.lowes.com
2
N/A
3/4 inch Regulators
$6.96
$13.92
http://www.lowes.com
1
N/A
6 Station Irrigation Timer
$54.00
$54.00
http://www.lowes.com
3
N/A
Cement and Primer Pack
$5.96
$17.88
http://www.lowes.com
Total PVC cost
$251.50
Total System Cost
$540.28
Total Running Time
Total Time to Water Lawn:
2 Zones:
• Zone # 1
18 Minutes and 49 Seconds
• Zone # 2
3 Hours 34 Minutes and 17 Seconds
Total Time: 3 Hrs 53 Mins 4 Sec
System Specifics
Total Pressure Loss: 75.6 PSI
• Zone #1: 34.3 PSI
• Zone #2: 41.3 PSI
Total Wasted Water: 0 Gallons
Electrical Cost
Total Electric Utility Cost:
• Very Minimal
• No pump
Electrical components
• Valves
• Electronic timer
Conclusions
Using AFT Fathom, we were
successfully able to design a
sprinkler system that meets the
specified design requirements.
ME 414: Heat
Exchanger Design
Source: http://www.sulzerindia.com/prod/0605_2706_07.jpg
HE Problem Statement
Design process water to city water
shell & tube heat exchanger that will
remove 1.2M watts from the process
water
Process water
Inlet temperature 90 ◦C
Exit temperature 40 ◦C
City water
Inlet temperature during summer is 25 C
Design Requirements
Meet 1.2M watts of heat transfer
Minimize tube and shell side pressure
drops
Minimize cost
Heat exchanger weight
Selected material
Minimize the heat exchanger volume
1.15 * Tube Length * Shell X-Sectional Area
15% added to volume for headers
In The Beginning
MATLAB Trial and Error
Q = 1.202MW
Shell ∆P = 740.67 Pa
Tube ∆P = 155.26 Pa
Weight = 255.2 kg
DOE #1
DOE #2
DOE #3
Funnel Effect
DOE #1
Shell flow rate
Shell ID
Tube OD
Tube Length
Type of Flow
Fluid Allocation
15 Engineering
Variables
DOE #2
Baffle
Square Tube Layout
Tube thickness
Number of Tube Passes
Baffle Space
Baffle Cut
Tube OD
Shell ID
Tube Length
Shell flow rate
Optimization
DOE #3
Tube Material
Shell Material
Triangular Tube Layout
4 Final
Variables
DOE #4
Pareto Plots
Optimization Plot
In The End
Mdot shell = 20 kg/s
Shell ID = 0.3874 m
Tube OD = 9.525e-3 m
Tube Length = 1.84 m
Ending
Beginning
Mdot shell = 12 kg/s
Shell ID = 0.3048 m
Tube OD = 9.525e-3 m
Tube Length = 2.63 m
Pre and Post Optimization
Q = 1.202MW
Beginning
Shell ∆P = 740.67 Pa Carbon Steel ShellCost
- $1.52 per kg
Tube ∆P = 155.26 Pa Stainless Steel Tubes - $3.221 per kg
Total Cost
Weight = 255.2 kg
$762.01
Ending
Cost
Aluminum - $2.407 per kg
Total Cost
$192.55
Q = 1.200MW
Shell ∆P = 530.77 Pa
Tube ∆P = 410.78 Pa
Weight = 79.99 kg
Conclusions
Using the MATLAB and MINITAB tools
provided, we were successfully able
to optimize our original design in
order to better satisfy the design
requirements!
References
Heat Exchangers Selection, Rating,
and Thermal Design, Kakac and Liu,
CRC Press, 2nd Edition, 2002
ME 414 Lecture Notes
Professor John Toksoy, 2007
Questions?
Disclaimer: Reference Only!! Our Team does not guarantee the accuracy of these numbers!