Transcript ME 414 Thermal System Design

ME 414 Thermal-Fluid
Systems Design
Presented by:
Nick Hatcher
Aaron Huesman
Kelly Glover
Adam Douglas
Jacob Stephens
Sprinkler Design Theory

Example C demonstrates “head to
head coverage” or 100% Overlap
Source: http://www.irrigationtutorials.com/sprinkler15.htm
Sprinkler Requirements



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Ground must be watered equally
Minimize waste water
Minimize time to deliver 1 inch of
water
Minimize capital cost
Minimize electric utility cost
Design Layout
Pipe Layout
Type of Sprinklers
and Pipe Sizes

13 Rainbird 1804 SAM-PRS
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
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21 Rainbird 5004 PC-SAM

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Square nozzle
18 ft. square
35 ft. radius
NSF ¾ in. PVC Pipe
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Both Zones
¾ to ½ in. Reducers Used for Zone #1
Fathom Zone 1
Fathom Zone 2
Total Cost
Total Cost: $540.28

• Total Sprinkler Head Cost: $288.78
• Total PVC and Electronics Cost: $251.50
Sprinklers
Quantity
Radius (ft)
Rainbird Model #
15
35
5004 PC-SAM
Unit Price
$11.08
Total Price
$166.20
http://irritechonline.com/pro830079.html
Source
13
18 Square
1804 SAM-PRS
$4.65
$60.45
http://irritechonline.com/pro823663.html
13
18 Square
Rainbird 15SQ nozzle
$1.37
$17.81
http://irritechonline.com/pro837395.html
4
35
5004 PC-SAM
$11.08
$44.32
http://irritechonline.com/pro830079.html
Total Sprinkler Price
$288.78
PVC Pipe
Quantity
Length (feet)
Diameter and Specs
90
10
NSF 3/4 inch PVC Pipe (876.5 feet required)
Unit Price
$1.09
Total Price
$98.10
http://www.lowes.com
Source
2
10
1/2 inch PVC Pipe (13 feet required)
$1.09
$2.18
http://www.lowes.com
31
N/A
3/4 inch Tees
$0.27
$8.37
http://www.lowes.com
14
N/A
3/4 inch 90 Degree Elbows
$0.27
$3.78
http://www.lowes.com
13
N/A
3/4 inch to 1/2 inch Reducers
$0.20
$2.60
http://www.flexpvc.com
2
N/A
Rainbird 3/4 inch Control Valves
$16.70
$33.40
http://www.lowes.com
1
N/A
Backflow Prevention Valve
$3.67
$3.67
http://www.lowes.com
10
N/A
3/4 inch Couplers -10 pack
$1.36
$13.60
http://www.lowes.com
2
N/A
3/4 inch Regulators
$6.96
$13.92
http://www.lowes.com
1
N/A
6 Station Irrigation Timer
$54.00
$54.00
http://www.lowes.com
3
N/A
Cement and Primer Pack
$5.96
$17.88
http://www.lowes.com
Total PVC cost
$251.50
Total System Cost
$540.28
Total Running Time
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
Total Time to Water Lawn:
2 Zones:
• Zone # 1
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18 Minutes and 49 Seconds
• Zone # 2
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3 Hours 34 Minutes and 17 Seconds
Total Time: 3 Hrs 53 Mins 4 Sec
System Specifics
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Total Pressure Loss: 75.6 PSI
• Zone #1: 34.3 PSI
• Zone #2: 41.3 PSI
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Total Wasted Water: 0 Gallons
Electrical Cost
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Total Electric Utility Cost:
• Very Minimal
• No pump
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Electrical components
• Valves
• Electronic timer
Conclusions

Using AFT Fathom, we were
successfully able to design a
sprinkler system that meets the
specified design requirements.
ME 414: Heat
Exchanger Design
Source: http://www.sulzerindia.com/prod/0605_2706_07.jpg
HE Problem Statement
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Design process water to city water
shell & tube heat exchanger that will
remove 1.2M watts from the process
water
 Process water
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Inlet temperature 90 ◦C
Exit temperature 40 ◦C
 City water
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Inlet temperature during summer is 25 C
Design Requirements
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Meet 1.2M watts of heat transfer
Minimize tube and shell side pressure
drops
Minimize cost
 Heat exchanger weight
 Selected material
Minimize the heat exchanger volume
 1.15 * Tube Length * Shell X-Sectional Area
 15% added to volume for headers
In The Beginning
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MATLAB Trial and Error
 Q = 1.202MW
 Shell ∆P = 740.67 Pa
 Tube ∆P = 155.26 Pa
 Weight = 255.2 kg
DOE #1
DOE #2
DOE #3
Funnel Effect
DOE #1
Shell flow rate
Shell ID
Tube OD
Tube Length
Type of Flow
Fluid Allocation
15 Engineering
Variables
DOE #2
Baffle
Square Tube Layout
Tube thickness
Number of Tube Passes
Baffle Space
Baffle Cut
Tube OD
Shell ID
Tube Length
Shell flow rate
Optimization
DOE #3
Tube Material
Shell Material
Triangular Tube Layout
4 Final
Variables
DOE #4
Pareto Plots
Optimization Plot
In The End
Mdot shell = 20 kg/s
Shell ID = 0.3874 m
Tube OD = 9.525e-3 m
Tube Length = 1.84 m
Ending
Beginning
Mdot shell = 12 kg/s
Shell ID = 0.3048 m
Tube OD = 9.525e-3 m
Tube Length = 2.63 m
Pre and Post Optimization
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Q = 1.202MW
Beginning
Shell ∆P = 740.67 Pa Carbon Steel ShellCost
- $1.52 per kg
Tube ∆P = 155.26 Pa Stainless Steel Tubes - $3.221 per kg
Total Cost
Weight = 255.2 kg
$762.01
Ending
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Cost
Aluminum - $2.407 per kg
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Total Cost
$192.55
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Q = 1.200MW
Shell ∆P = 530.77 Pa
Tube ∆P = 410.78 Pa
Weight = 79.99 kg
Conclusions
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Using the MATLAB and MINITAB tools
provided, we were successfully able
to optimize our original design in
order to better satisfy the design
requirements!
References
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Heat Exchangers Selection, Rating,
and Thermal Design, Kakac and Liu,
CRC Press, 2nd Edition, 2002
ME 414 Lecture Notes
Professor John Toksoy, 2007
Questions?
Disclaimer: Reference Only!! Our Team does not guarantee the accuracy of these numbers!