Transcript Most Common Factors Contributing with Risky Pregnancy in

An-Najah National University
Faculty of Nursing
Most Common Factors Contributing with
Risky Pregnancy in Ante-natal Clinics
in Nablus in 2008
Name of students:
Yusra Ahmad
Masouda Asayrah
Osama Radwan
Yousef Mayaleh
Supervised by:
Dr. Adnan ASarhan -Dean of Nursing
Miss:Mariam Altell
Miss: Iman Al-shaweesh
Introduction
This project about the Most Common Factors Contributing with
risk pregnancy in ante-natal clinics in Nablus in 2008.
Antenatal period is a very important period in women health life.
The Palestinian women fight for their new babies, health care
but they forget and ignore their right of health care and health
promotion.
Pregnancy is biologically ,physiologically, and psychologically
stressful ,even for healthy women. For women with preexisting
(pregestational) conditions such as substance abuse, diabetes,
infection, and cardiac disease it may be life threatening.
(Deweerd et al, 2002).
Methodology
Purpose:
The purposes of this study are:
(1) To determine what are the most common factors that
contributing with risky pregnancy in ante-natal clinics in
Nablus in 2008.
(2) To prevent and decrease the incidence of risky pregnancy in
Nablus city.
Study design
This study is quantitative using descriptive design to describe
variable relationships within the sample that affect high risky
pregnancy.
Study question and hypotheses
Study question
What are the most common factors that contributing with risky
pregnancy in Nablus city in 2008?.
Hypotheses
Hypotheses(1):The pregnant woman who had previous
history of risky pregnancy ,will be at increaser risk to have
risky pregnancy at the present pregnancy.
Hypotheses(2):Multiparty and previous caesarians are the
most tow common factors that contributing with risky
pregnancy in Nablus in 2008.
Setting of the study
The study setting was done in Nablus city in Ante-natal Care
clinics including governmental (Al-yasmeen &Balata AlBalad) clinics ,and UNRWA (Askar &Balata) clinics.
Population of the study
The target population is high risky pregnant mothers who visit
Ante-natal Care clinics in Nablus city including governmental
clincs (Al-yasmeen &Balata Al-Balad clinics) and UNRWA
clinics (Balata &Askar clinics).
The accessible population is (60) pregnant mothers who meet
criteria, who actually have access to work and give approval,
readiness and agreement to participate in the study and used as
sample.
The sample
The sample size is (60)pregnant mother who had risky
pregnancy from four different clinics in Nablus city ,who
give approval to participate in the study, the sample taken
was convenient sample.
(15) risky pregnants were taken from each clinic, of the four
clinics that is governmental (Al-yasmeen &Balata Al-Balad
clinics) and UNRWA (Balata &Askar ) Care clinics in the
days of our questionnaire distribution.
Study results
As we can see from the above tables , the normal range was about 28.33% while
the over weight reached to 13.3%, obesity was the highest percentage which
reached to 58.33%.
The study results indicates that there is a percent of 15% belong to moderate
economic statues as represented by there monthly income of between" 10002000 NIS". While the results also show that a percent of 35%, with monthly
income of above" 2000 NIS". The highest percentage was for the low economic
statue which represents about 50% of the study sample.
This table shows the more than 6 children were the highest with a percent of
58.33%, while 1-3 children holders were of a percentage of 33.33%.
Moreover, the results show that holders of 4-6 children reached of a percentage
of 8.33%.
We can see clearly from the above table that the most popular contraceptive
method was of using the IUCD with a total percent of48.33% while pills came
secondary with a percent of 26.67%. Needles came in the third rank with a
percentage of 13.33% other contraceptive methods came in the final rank with
percent of 11.67%.
The total of 46.67% of the study sample reported that the main person to
encourage them to seek antenatal health care was themselves and this is the
highest percentage. While 25.00% reported mother, husband 15.00% while the
husband family played a percent of 13.33%as the main character that encourage
them.
The percentage of risks related to medical and
obstetrical history
UTI
The percentage of Risks related to current pregnancy
Discussion
Obesity
Obesity was the highest percentage which reached to 58.33%.
The normal range of BMI was about 28.33% while the over
weight reached to 13.3%.
Obesity is referred to many factors such as: sedentary life style,
diet, and it may relate to medical problems such as:
hypothyroidism and psychological problems such as: binge
eating disorder and night eating syndrome.
The Palestinian women faced a stressful event in their life that
create depression which consider the important risk factor to
occurrence of obesity.
Economic statues
The study results also indicates that there is a percent of 15%
belong to moderate economic statues as represented by there
monthly income of between 1000-2000 NIS.
While the results also show that a percent of 35% with monthly
income of above 2000 NIS. The highest percentage was for the
low economic statues which represent about 50% of the study
sample, with significant the P.value (0.02).
Number of deliveries
The distribution of the study sample according to the variable of
number of deliveries. The percent of number of deliveries
more than 6 children was 58.3%.
Which indicate that, the increase of multiparty, will increase the
incidence for high risk pregnancy .
Also multiparty has many complications, which include:
premature labor, premature delivery, pregnancy-induced
hypertension, toxemia, gestational diabetes, and vaginaluterine hemorrhage. (Elster et al, 2000).
IUCD
The percent of women that use IUCD is 48.3%.So the use of
IUCD increase the incidence of high risk pregnancy and IUCD
complications, which include infection of the uterus (pelvic
infection), Internal damage to the uterus, Uterine perforation.
Encouragement to seek antenatal health care
Although all the study participants are Muslims and have good
support from their relatives, families, and friends. But the total
of 46.67% of the study sample reported that the main person to
encourage them to seek antenatal health care was themselves
and this is the highest percentage.
While 25.00% reported mother, husband 15.00% while the
husband family played a percent of 13.33% as the main
character that encourage them. We must focus to increase
education for pregnant women them selves.
Problems related to previous pregnancy:
The main risk factors of women of previous pregnancy and high
risky pregnancy were found that UTI, previous cesarean , and
previous toxemia were the most common factors. The
percentages were respectively 56.7%, 51.7%, and 36.7%.
UTI
56.7%,
Previous
pregnancy
Previous
cesarean
Previous
toxemia
51.7%
36.7%.
Also when making comparison between UN and governmental
clinics ,the main risk factors of women of previous pregnancy
and high risky pregnancy were found that UTI, previous
caesarean, and previous toxemia in both types of clinics .
A percent of 28.3% of the study sample have UTI in both types of
clinics.
While a percent of 31.0% of women who visit governmental
clinics had previous caesarean .
And large numbers of the women who visit UN clinics have
previous toxaemia with a percent of 1.36%.
Problems related to current pregnancy
Psychological problems, UTI, Anemia, and hypertension, are the
most common factors which associated with current pregnancy
and high risky pregnancy. The results were respectively:
63.3%, 56.7%, and 20.0 % .
Psychological
Problems
63.3%,
UTI
56.7%
Current
pregnancy
Anemia
20%
Hypertension
20%
Psychological problems
There are many reasons that make the level of Psychological
problems the highest one.
The first reason is the rise of the hormones level that releases
during pregnancy period. This rise affects the nervous system
of the pregnant woman.
The second one is symptoms and tiredness that are accompanied
with the pregnancy period. Some of these symptoms are:
nausea, vomiting, headache, and back pain.
Other reason is associated with the stressful life that the
Palestinian women face in their daily life including: financial,
political, cultural, and social.
Anemia
Anemia is the third risk factors of women of current pregnancy
and high risky pregnancy. Anemia is referring to many reasons
such as: poor nutritional status, rarely and not frequent iron
intake during pregnancy period.
Recommendations
1.To emphasize in application of UNFPA guidelines &protocols
for Obstetric and Newborn Care.
2.To encourage nurses and midwifery’s to increase teaching and
education for pregnant woman in specific and women in all
stages of their life.
3. To focus in different screening methods as: nutritional ,blood,
and mental.
4.To focus on women them self to increase their knowledge
regard their health status.
Recommendation for Further Studies:
Several studies should be done to focus on:
1. The relationship between psychological problems and having
risky pregnancy.
2. The relationship between urinary tract infection (UTI) and preterm labor.
3. The relationship between maternal smoking and pre-term
labor.
4. The relationship between anemia and high risk pregnancy.