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NES
EFFICACY IN CONTROLING
POWDERY MILDEW & MITES
SUMMERY OF FIELD TESTS IN APPLES
BY Dr. Hadass Cohen
Control of Powdery Mildew of
Apples, Podosphaera leucotricha,
by Nes
infested
noninfested
Field Trial I - Northern Israel
Materials & Methods
Crop: Apple
Variety: Galaxy
Location: Golan Heights, Nisanov’s orchards
Application of Spray: drench with knapsack sprayer
Date of Applications: 19/05/05; 26/05/05
Tested Treatments:
1. Control,
2. Commercial treatment – Hexaconozole 0.04%,
S.C. 5%, Producer: Zeneca.
3. Nes – 2%, S.L., Producer: Jorge Peisajovich
Galante-México.
Materials & Methods - for all field trials
Design of Experiment: randomized blocks, 3
treatments X 4 blocks, 4 trees per block.
Monitoring Method: Five shoots with fresh leave, 20
cm long (7-9 leaves each), were randomly chosen
within each block, from trees located in the center.
Mildew infestation was evaluated in two different
methods: 1) Presence of disease on leaves. Percentage
of infested leaves out of total sample, was calculated
for each treatment. 2) Degree of disease was
determined according to a scale of mildew cover per
leaf, as follow: 0.=clean; 1.=0.5-2% ; 2.= 2-10% ;
3.=10-30%; 4. =30%-50% ; 5.>50%. Average degree
Statistics:
Data were analyzed by multifactorial analysis of
variance,
followed by pairwise comparisons with the SNK test.
Data were transformed to square root (x+1) to
stabilize
their variance.
A significant level of 0.05 was used for all statistical
test.
The Sigma Stat software was used for all statistical
analysis.
Field Trial I – Fig. 1
% infested
leaves
Application II
a
Application I
control
a
a
b
Hexaconazole
. %
Nes %
b
b
b
/
/
/
/
/
/
Field Trial I – Fig. 1I
Rate of infestation
.
a
a
a
.
control
.
a
b
.
- .
b
a
.
b
/
/
/
Hexaconazole
. %
Nes %
/
b
/
/
Field Trial II - Northern Israel
Materials & Methods
Crop: Apple
Variety: Golden Delicious
Location: Golan Heights, Edri’s orchards
Application of Spray: drench with knapsack sprayer
Date of Applications: 29/05/05; 07/06/05
Tested Treatments:
1. Control,
2. Commercial treatment – Hexaconozole 0.04%,
S.C. 5%, Producer: Zeneca.
3. Nes – 2%, S.L., Producer: Jorge Peisajovich Galante
México.
Field Trial II – Fig. I
%infestation
Application II
Application I
a
a
a
control
Hexaconazole .
Nes %
b
b
b
b
/
/
/
/
/
/
%
Field Trial II – Fig. II
rate of
infestation
.
a
a
control
a
.
Hexaconazole . %
a
.
Nes %
a
b
.
b
b
b
.
/
/
/
/
/
/
Field Trial III - Northern Israel
Materials & Methods
Crop: Galaxy
Variety: Golden Delicious
Location: Golan Heights, Nisanov’s orchards
Application of Spray: drench with knapsack sprayer
Date of Applications: 21/09/05; 31/09/05
Tested Treatments:
1. Control,
2. Commercial treatment – Hexaconozole 0.04%,
S.C. 5%, Producer: Zeneca.
3. Nes – 2%, S.L., Producer: Jorge Peisajovich GalanteMéxico.
Field Trial III – Northern Israel
preliminary infestation - / /
% infested leaves
days since last treatment - / /
a
a
a
a
b
control
Hexaconazole
. %
b
Nes %
Powdery Mildew of Apples
Conclusions
In field trials presented above Nes appears as
a most efficient fungicide, in controlling apple
powdery mildew.
Nes performs the lowest rate of infestation,
consistently, throughout all trials, when
compared with the commercial treatment.
Control of Two Spotted Mite,
Tetranychus urticae
by NES, in Apple Orchards
Field Trial I - Northern Israel
Materials & Methods
Crop: Apple
Variety: Starking
Location: Golan Heights, Kibutz El-Rom
Application of Spray: drench with knapsack sprayer
Date of Applications: 29/05/05; 05/06/05
Tested Treatments:
1. Control,
2. Commercial treatment – Hexaconozole 0.04%,
S.C. 5%, Producer: Zeneca.
3. Nes – 2%, S.L., Producer: Jorge Peisajovich
Galante-México.
Materials & Methods - for all field trials
Design of Experiment: randomized blocks, 3
treatments X 4 blocks, 4 trees per block.
Monitoring Method:
10 leaves were randomly chosen and checked for
presence of live yellow mites of all stages. Average
umber of mites was calculated for each treatment.
Checks took place prior to both spray applications 721days later, depending upon presence of natural
enemies.
Field Trial I – Fig. 1
no. mites per leaf
a
a
a
a
a
b
control
b
Cyhexatine
. %
b
b
Nes %
/
/
/
/
/
/
Field Trial II & III - Northern Israel
Materials & Methods
Crop: Apple
Variety: Golden Delicious
Location: Golan Heights, Edri’s orchards
Application of Spray: drench with knapsack sprayer
Date of Applications: 19/06/05; 26/06/05
Tested Treatments:
1. Control,
2. Commercial treatment – Hexaconozole 0.04%,
S.C. 5%, Producer: Zeneca.
3. Nes – 2%, S.L., Producer: Jorge Peisajovich
Galante-México.
Field Trial II – Fig. 1
no. mites per leaf.
a
a
a
/ /
a
/ /
a
/ /
a
b bb
control
Cyhexatine
. %
b
b
b
Nes %
/ /
Field Trial III – Fig. 1
no. mites per leaf.
a a
/ /
a
a
a
/ /
/ /
a
b b
control
Cyhexatine
. %
b
b
b
Nes %
/ /
Field Trial IV- Northern Israel
Materials & Methods
Crop: Apple
Variety: Golden Delicious
Location: Golan Heights, EL-Rom orchards
Application of Spray: drench with knapsack sprayer
Date of Application: 31/07/05
Tested Treatments:
1. Control,
2. Commercial treatment – Hexaconozole 0.04%,
S.C. 5%, Producer: Zeneca.
3. Nes – 2%, S.L., Producer: Jorge Peisajovich
Galante-México.
Field Trial IV – Fig. 1
no. mites per leaf.
a
/ /
/ /
/ /
a
a
a
a
b
control
/ /
a
b
Cyhexatine
. %
b
b
Nes %
b
Yellow Mites in Apples
Conclusions
Nes appears as an effective acaricide,
in suppressing yellow mite populations
in apples, as presented in results above.
Throughout all trials, Nes appears as a friendly
pesticide towards natural enemies, mainly
Stethorus gilvifrons (Coccinellidae),
predator beetle of mites .
Conducted by: Dr. Hadass Cohen
The Hebrew University of
Jerusalem, Agricultural Dept
Rehovot, Israel
Ph.D
29 January 2006