Transcript New Production of Knowledge

Research and Research
Indicators
Sources, Definitions and
Empirical Comparisons
Key (Data) Sources on Research


OECD, SourceOECD Science and Technology
Database, “Research and Development
Statistics” & “Main Science and Technology
Indicators”:
http://puck.sourceoecd.org/vl=8531211/cl=2
7/nw=1/rpsv/statistic/s20_about.htm?jnlissn
=16081242
EUROSTAT, Structural Indicators
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu
Key (Data) Sources on Research
(cont.)


Science and Engineering Indicators
2008
http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind08
Statistik Austria, Forschung (F&E),
Innovation
http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistik
en/forschung_und_innovation/index.ht
ml
Conceptual Key Definitions of
Research

OECD, Frascati Manual (e.g., 2002):
http://europa.eu.int/estatref/info/sdds/
en/rd/rd_frascati_manual_2002.pdf
Conceptual Key Definitions of
Research (cont.)

What is research?
Conceptual Key Definitions of
Research (cont.)

Research (R&D) is (“Frascati Manual”
2002, p. 30):
Conceptual Key Definitions of
Research (cont.)

Three “activities” (“three types of R&D”)
of R&D:
Basic research [R];
Applied research [R];
Experimental development [D].
Conceptual Key Definitions of
Research (cont.)

OECD definition of R&D activities is
(“Frascati Manual” 2002, p. 30):
Conceptual Key Definitions of
Research (cont.)

“Sectors” of the OECD (“Frascati
Manual” 2002, p. 54):
Conceptual Key Definitions of
Research (cont.)

Sectors: “performance” and “source of
funds”.
Conceptual Key Definitions of
Research (cont.)


What are disciplines (academic
disciplines) of “fields of science and
technology”
OECD definition according to the
“Frascati Manual” 1993, p. 60 – see
next slide!
.
National R&D Indicators for the
U.S.



National R&D performance;
National R&D financing;
R&D expenditure by funding sector.
.
Comparative R&D Indicators for
the OECD countries



R&D quotas;
Real-term R&D expenditure;
Comparison of EU (15), U.S. and Japan.
.
National R&D Indicators of
Austria in Comparison

Austria in comparison with EU15 and
Finland.
.
.
.
Some Key Tertiary Education
Indicators in Comparison

Tertiary degree attainment.
Other S&T Indicators in
Comparison

S&T outlook.
.
.
.
.
.