Transcript Freedom, Well-Being and Opportunity

MULTI-DIMENSIONAL POVERTY (MPI)
METHODS APPLIED TO THE SAINT LUCIA
LABOUR FORCE SURVEY
SOME IDEAS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN OECS MULTI-DIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX
BASED ON AVAILABLE DATA SOURCES
BY EDWIN ST CATHERINE
DIRECTOR OF STATISTICS, SAINT LUCIA
ST LUCIA LABOUR FORCE SURVEY (LFS)
METADATA
Country
Year
Dataset Source
Population Sample
2013
Saint Lucia Labour Force Survey (LFS)
8,865 Persons
3,235 Households
To Guide and Evaluate Poverty Reduction Interventions
LFS 2013 - DIMENSIONS & INDICATORS
Dimension
Indicator
Deprivation Cut-offs
Weight
Education
Educational Attainment
Level (Alt: Years of
Schooling)
Persons in Households with All
Persons at Primary School Level or
Below who are 15 Years and over
1/8
Labour
Household Employment
Rate*
No Employed as a Percent of Total Number of
Persons in Household (less than 1 out of every
5 adults in household employed)
1/8
Household with Any Person
15 – 29 Unemployed
Persons Living in Households with an 1/8
unemployed youth age 15 - 29
Child Welfare Children Living in OverCrowded Housing (Child
Mortality)
Person’s Under 15 years living in
household with 3 or more persons
per bedroom
1/8
Living
Standards
Asset Ownership
Ownership of less than Four Assets
1/8
Connectivity
No Access to the Internet
1/8
Type of Housing
Persons Living in Plywood Housing
1/8
Income
Persons living below 50% of Mean
household income
1/8
1/4
1/2
SAINT LUCIA LFS 2013
INDICATORS HEADCOUNT AND MISSING VALUES
Dimension
Indicator
Raw
Headcount
Censored*
Headcount
% Missing
Values
Education
Person in HH with only
Primary
22.5%
14.8%
-
Labour
Household Employment Rate*
22.4%
20.8%
Household with Any Person
15 – 29 Unemployed
22.5%
14.9%
Child Welfare Children Living in OverCrowded Housing
17.6%
11.2%
Living
Standards
Asset Ownership
8.2%
6.4%
-
Connectivity to Internet
59.7%
32.2%
-
Type of Housing
16.0%
12.1%
-
Income
30.6%
25.9%
-
-
ST LUCIA: ANNUAL LFS 2013
MULTI-DIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX RESULTS
Poverty
Cut-off (k)
Headcount
Ratio (H)
Intensity of
Deprivation (A)
Adjusted
Headcount Ratio
(M0)
20%
57%
40%
.226
30%
35%
49%
.173
40%
21%
57%
.118
60%
8%
67%
.054
80%
3%
88%
.002
100%
0%
100%
0
ST LUCIA: ANNUAL LFS 2013
MULTI-DIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX RESULTS
• H = 35% - THIS MEANS THAT 35% OF THE POPULATION IS POOR
(DEPRIVED IN 30% OR MORE DIMENSIONS/INDICATORS), A LIMIT
CASE WOULD BE MAXIMUM POVERTY HEADCOUNT IF PERSONS WERE
CONSIDERED POOR IF POOR IN ONE OR MORE DIMENSIONS….)
• A = 49% - ON AVERAGE THE POOR (THOSE DEPRIVED IN 30% OR
MORE DIMENSIONS) ARE DEPRIVED IN APPROXIMATELY 49% OF THE
INDICATORS.
• M0 = 0.173 - THE POOR IN THIS SOCIETY EXPERIENCE 17.3% OF THE
TOTAL POSSIBLE DEPRIVATIONS THE SOCIETY COULD EXPERIENCE.
Headcount Ratio
LFS 2013 - HEADCOUNT RATIO
UNDER DIFFERENT CUT-OFFS
Poverty Cut-off
Person is poor if they experience deprivations in at least 3 of 10 indicators
ADJUSTED HEADCOUNT RATIO
UNDER DIFFERENT CUT-OFFS
Adjusted Headcount Ratio
100%
Adjusted
Headcount Ratio
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
17.5% Overall Poverty Level
10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Poverty Cut-off
70%
80%
90%
100%
ADJUSTED HEADCOUNT RATIO
UNDER DIFFERENT CUT-OFFS BY DISTRICT
RAW HEADCOUNT RATIOS BY URBAN/RURAL
Primary Education
Raw Headcount Ratio
Rural/Urban (%)
70%
60%
Income
50%
Employment Rate (HH)
40%
30%
20%
10%
Plywood Housing
0%
Internet Connectivity
Youth Unemployment
Child Overcrowding
Raw Headcount Ratio Urban (%)
Raw Headcount Ratio Rural (%)
Asset Ownership
Raw Headcount Ratio National (%)
CENSORED HEADCOUNT: PERSONS POOR
AND DEPRIVED IN SPECIFIC INDICATORS
Absolute Contribution to Total Poverty
National
Rural Areas
Urban Areas
-
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
Primary Education
Employment Rate (HH)
Youth Unemployment
Child Overcrowding
Asset Ownership
Internet Connectivity
Plywood Housing
Income
Relative Contribution to Total Poverty
National
Rural Areas
Urban Areas
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Primary Education
Employment Rate (HH)
Youth Unemployment
Child Overcrowding
Asset Ownership
Internet Connectivity
Plywood Housing
Income
OUR MPI SHOULD BE LIKE A HIGH POWERED LENS
You can zoom
in to see more
REGIONAL EXAMPLES OF MPI
THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY MEASUREMENT DEVELOPED
BY CONEVAL (MEXICO) IS A BI-DIMENSIONAL MEASURE. THE
MODEL’S CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK IS THE HUMAN RIGHTS
APPROACH AND THE DIMENSIONS INCLUDED IN THE MODEL
ARE GUIDED BY THE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT LAW (2004).
COLUMBIA HAS ITS OWN VERSION OF THE MPI
INSTITUTIONAL PROCESSES TO ENSURE DATA IS COLLECTED TO DELIVER
• DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS ( CDB, UN AGENCIES, OECS SEC., ETC.) HAVE AGREED TO SUPPORT THE
DEVELOPMENT OF AN HARMONIZED MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY MEASUREMENT (MPM) FOR THE
SUB-REGION AS A WAY OF REGULATING THE COLLECTION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF CORE
SOCIAL.
• THE MPM WILL INCLUDE THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SUB-REGIONAL MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX
USING:
• A REVISED LFS AND A REVISED COUNTRY POVERTY ASSESSMENT (CPA) THE DEPRIVATION IN KEY
AREAS SUCH AS
• I) HOUSING,
• II) EMPLOYMENT,
• III) SAFE DRINKING WATER,
• IV) INFORMATION,
• V) FOOD AND INCOME
• VI) EDUCATION
• VII) HEALTH
BY GENDER, AGE, GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION, TO SUPPORT THE FORMULATION OF NEW POLICIES
AND PROGRAMS THAT CAN ADDRESS AND EFFECTIVELY TARGET DISADVANTAGED GROUPS IN
SOCIETY.
CONCLUSIONS
• Political and policy framework for the indicators
and dimensions to be included in the MPI
• OECS Authority
• CDB Board
• Ministerial Meeting on MPI – identify an
MPI Champion Minister
• Questions to Supplement the LFS to make it a
more robust tool for constructing an MPI
• Pool at least one year of this data to report on an
annual basis
• Align the eventual indicators chosen to a
philosophical framework, example Human Rights
or Post 2015 Sustainable Development Indicators
THANK YOU