Transcript Pesticide Formulations - Pennsylvania State University

Pesticide Formulations
Substitutes for Common Pesticide Formulations
Kevin Fry
Extension Educator,
Agronomy
724-548-3447 CMEG
PENN STATE
Crop Management
Extension Group
Instructions
• Match household product with its
similar pesticide formulation type.
• Write product name in box next to
the formulation it best represents.
Pesticide Formulations
Household Products
Foot Powder
Pepto-Bismal & V8
Mayonnaise
Detergent Gelpacs & Liquacaps
Pine-Sol
Cocoa & Flour
Cat Litter & Grape-nuts
Vicks VapoRub
Hair Spray
White Grape Juice
Drink Mix & Corn Starch
Glass Cleaner
Toothpaste & Granola Bar
Grits & Dry Milk
Contac Cold Medicine
Guinea Pig/Rabbit Food
Pesticide Formulations
Answers
#1. Emulsifiable
Concentrate (EC)
• Emulsion; fine liquid
particles suspended in
another liquid
• Forms cloudy mixture
when mixed with water
• Homogenized milk
• Dual II Magnum
• Prowl 3.3EC
#2. Solution (S) /
Concentrated Solution (C or LC)
• Liquid that will form
a true aqueous
solution
• Banvel / Clarity 4S
• Roundup
Weathermax 4.5S
#3. Flowable (F or L)
• Fine solid particles
dispersed
(suspended) in a
liquid
• Atrazine 4L
• Princep 4L
• Callisto 4SC
#4. Dust (D)
• Fine solid particles
• Ready to use
• Not water-soluble
• Copper Dragon
• Easy Garden 10%
#5. Granule (G)
• Small particles
• Ready to use
• Not water-soluble
• Diazinon, Ant Killer
• Lorsban 15G
• “Weed and Feed”
#6. Pellet (P or PS)
• Formed small- to
medium-sized
particles
• Ready to use
• Not water-soluble
• DowAgro 1/8”
“blanks”
• Spike 20P
#7. Wettable Powder (W or WP)
• Relatively insoluble
fine-particle solid that
forms a suspension
• Not a true solution
• Karmex
• Pounce 25WP
#8. Water-Dispersible Granules
(WDG) / Dry Flowables (DF)
• Small particles of a
wettable powder
• Will form a
suspension
• Not a true solution
• Option 35WDG
• Steadfast 75DF
#9. Soluble Powder (SP or WSP)
• Fine- or mediumparticle sized solid
that will dissolve in
water to form a
true solution
• Roundup Pro Dry
• Ambush 25WSP
#10. Water Soluble Packaging
(Gel Pack)
• A semi-solid colloid
(jelly) packaged in
water-soluble film.
• Buctril Gel
• “Toss and go”
packaging
#11. Aerosol (A)
• Fine airborne
particles/droplets plus
a propellant
• D-Con House and
Garden
• Bug repellent
– DEET
#12. Bait (B)
• Attractant/feeding
stimulant + food +
pesticide
• MaxAttrax Ant
Feeding
• Attack brand Beetle
Trap
• Trails End Molluscicide
#13. Invert Emulsion (IE)
• An emulsion in which
the active ingredient
is dispersed in oil
rather than in water
• Usually a thick
mixture
• Certain roadside
non-crop products
#14. Microencapsulated (ME)
• Coated or encased
units – time release
• Prowl H2O
• MicroTech
• BioBarrier
#15. Ready-to-Use (RTU)
• Solution or
suspension
diluted to use rate
• Roundup RTU
#16. ULV/Fog/Smoke
• Fine particles/
droplets
suspended in air
• Raid concentrate
fogger
So what!?
• Why are formulations important?
• Storage – dry vs. liquid;
concentrated?
• Handling – dry vs. liquid, do you
have preference?
• Mixing and Loading
Mixing and Loading
• Mixing and
loading order
can be
determined by
the formulation
if not specified
on the label.
Formulation Tank Mixing Order
1. Fill tank ¼ to ½ full with water or carrier
and begin agitation
2. Adjuvants used for anti-foaming, buffers,
compatibility, AMS, etc.
Formulation Tank Mixing Order
1.
2.
Fill tank ¼ to ½ full with water or carrier and
begin agitation
Adjuvants used for anti-foaming, buffers,
compatibility, AMS, etc.
3. Dry products (WP, WDG, DF, WSP)
4. Liquid Flowables (F or L)
Formulation Tank Mixing Order
1.
2.
3.
4.
Fill tank ¼ to ½ full with water or carrier and
begin agitation
Adjuvants used for anti-foaming, buffers,
compatibility, AMS, etc.
Dry products (WP, WDG, DF, WSP)
Liquid Flowables (F or L)
5. Microencapsulated (ME)
6. Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC)
Formulation Tank Mixing Order
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Fill tank ¼ to ½ full with water or carrier and begin agitation
Adjuvants used for anti-foaming, buffers, compatibility, AMS,
etc.
Dry products (WP, WDG, DF, WSP)
Liquid Flowables (F or L)
Microencapsulated (ME)
Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC)
7. Liquid solutions (S, C, LC) usually clear
8. Adjuvants used for herbicide efficacy
enhancement (COC, NIS, MSO)
Formulation Tank Mixing Order
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Fill tank ¼ to ½ full with water or carrier and begin agitation
Adjuvants used for anti-foaming, buffers, compatibility, AMS,
etc.
Dry products (WP, WDG, DF, WSP)
Liquid Flowables (F or L)
Microencapsulated (ME)
Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC)
Liquid solutions (S, C, LC) usually clear
Adjuvants used for herbicide efficacy enhancement (COC,
NIS, MSO)
9. Add water/carrier to desired level
Remember acronym W.A.L.E.S*
• W – WP, WDG, DF, WSP
• A – Agitate
• L – Liquid Flowables
• E – Emulsifiable Concentrates
• S – Surfactants
*Read each product label for product-specific mixing instructions.
Notes on Sprayer Mixing
• Start with a clean tank. Leftovers
may cause unforeseen problems
• Always use clean water
• Make a slurry of each dry formulation
before adding to tank
• Agitate thoroughly before adding
each product
• Spray solution and clean tank after
each days use
Notes on Sprayer Mixing
• Certain insecticides and/or
fungicides can be tank mixed with
herbicides—check the product label
• If you question the compatibility of a
tank mixture, use the JAR TEST
Jar Test
• Better to have gel,
precipitate, sludge,
or concrete in a jar
rather than in your
sprayer, hoses,
pumps, and tips.
Jar Test
• Labeled
combinations of
herbicides with
fertilizers,
insecticides, and
fungicides are
difficult to find.
Jar Test Safety
• Always wear PPE when pouring or mixing
pesticides.
• Perform this test in a safe area away
from food and sources of ignition.
• Pesticide used in this test should be put
into the spray tank when completed and
applied to a labeled site.
• Rinse all utensils and jars, and pour rinse
water into spray tank.
Jar Test
1.
2.
In two 1-quart jars, add 1 pint of carrier in each
Add ¼ teaspoon of compatibility agent to one jar
(equivalent to 2 pints per 100 gal)
Jar Test
1.
2.
In two 1-quart jars, add 1 pint of carrier in each
Add ¼ teaspoon of compatibility agent to one jar
(equivalent to 2 pints per 100 gal)
3.
To each jar, add the required amount (see
below) of pesticide in proper order
When all ingredients have been added, shake
both jars for 15 seconds and allow to stand for
at least 15 minutes. Then inspect for flakes,
sludge, gels, etc., which may indicate
incompatibility.
4.
Jar Test
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
In two 1-quart jars, add 1 pint of carrier in each.
Add ¼ teaspoon of compatibility agent to one jar
(equivalent to 2 pints per 100 gal).
To each jar, add the required amount (see below) of
pesticide in proper order.
When all ingredients have been added, shake both
jars for 15 seconds and allow to stand for at least 15
minutes. Then inspect for flakes, sludge, gels, etc.,
which may indicate incompatibility.
Compare the two jars, one with the compatibility
agent and one without.
Decide if the mixture can be sprayed with or
without the compatibility agent or even at all.
Required Amounts of Pesticide
for Jar Tests
• For dry rates (16oz per lb)
• 1 lb/A = 1.5 teaspoons
• For liquid rates
(16 fl oz = 1 pint; 2 pints = 1 quart)
• 1 pint/A = 0.5 teaspoon
• 1 qt/A = 1.0 teaspoon
Required Amounts of Pesticide
for Jar Tests
• For low liquid rates (< 8 oz)
• Fill quart jar half full of water
• Add label rate of pesticide
(Ex. 0.67 oz/A Accent)
• Fill remainder of jar (32 oz)
• Add one teaspoon of dilute solutions
to jar test
Sample Jar Test
Questions?
This presentation was
developed by Kevin Fry, Penn
State Extension Educator in
Armstrong County.
Use of this presentation or parts of this presentation is encouraged as
long as this credit slide is included.
This presentation was adapted from a hands-on presentation and handouts given by Pat
Hipkins, Senior Research Associate and Assistant Coordinator of the Virginia Tech Pesticide
Programs, at the Northeastern Region Pesticide Safety Education Center Workshop in
September 2005.
All product photographs in this presentation were taken by Kevin Fry, Penn State Extension
Educator in Armstrong County.
The mixing and loading photographs in this presentation were taken from pesticidepics.com,
the National Pesticide Media Database on the Virginia Tech Pesticide Programs web site.
Where trade names appear, no discrimination is intended, and no endorsement by the Penn State
College of Agriculture Sciences is implied.
“Penn State is committed to affirmative action, equal opportunity, and the diversity of its workforce.”
© The Pennsylvania State University 2006
February 2006