Transcript Get the “spin” on scoliosis

SAVE YOUR KNEES
I.M. Doctor, M.D.
My Office
My City, State
The information in this presentation was provided
to the presenter by the
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
and may be modified.
Endorsement of this presentation by the AAOS is
not implied or inferred.
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Save Your Knees
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Orthopaedics and the Bone and Joint Decade
Protecting your knees
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What is an orthopaedic surgeon?
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MD who specializes in treatment and health
maintenance of musculoskeletal system (bones,
joints, ligaments, muscles, tendons, cartilage
and spine)
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What is an orthopaedic surgeon?
The expert in maintaining musculoskeletal
health
 The expert in treating the musculoskeletal
system
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Educating an Orthopaedic Surgeon
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College
Medical School
Internship
Orthopaedic Residency
Fellowship (optional)
2 Years Practice
TOTAL
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4
4
1
4
(1)
2
16 years!
What do orthopaedic surgeons do?
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Diagnose
Treat
Medication
 Physical Therapy
 Exercise
 Brace
 Surgery
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Prevent
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Save Your Knees
Your Orthopaedic Surgeon
Getting You Back In The Game
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Save Your Knees
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The Knee Joint
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The Knee Joint
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© 2009 Getty Images
The Knee Joint
Pain or damage often caused by:
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Injuries
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Osteoarthritis
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Save Your Knees
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Knee Injuries
Sprains
 Ligament (ACL,
PCL, MCL, LCL)
tears
 Meniscus tear
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Illustration
reproduced with
permission from
The Body Almanac,
American Academy
of Orthopaedic
Surgeons, 2003
Knee Injuries: Sprains
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Ligament injury
Knee pain,
tenderness,
swelling
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Knee Injuries: Sprains
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R.I.C.E.: rest, ice, compression,
elevation
Rehabilitation
Anti-inflammatory
Brace
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Knee Injuries: Ligament Tear
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Direct blow to knee
Non-contact injury,
with foot plant
Landing on straight leg
Making abrupt stops
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Knee Injuries: ACL Tear
Normal anatomy
Anterior
cruciate
ligament
Patella
Hyperextension
Femur
Anterior
cruciate
ligament
tears
Femur slips
Tibia
Fibula
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Illustration reproduced with permission from The Body Almanac,
Rosemont, IL
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003
Knee Injuries: ACL Tear
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Incidence of ACL much
higher among female
athletes
Combination of causal
factors
Knee Injuries: Meniscus Tear
Helps knee joint carry
weight, glide, and turn
 Twisting injury
 Football and other
contact sports
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Knee Injuries: Meniscus Tear
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Pain
Giving way
Locking
Clicking
Swelling
When to See the Doctor
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Inability or decreased ability to play
Locking, popping, catching
Visible deformity
Severe pain or giving way
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Knee Pain: Osteoarthritis
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Nearly 21 million Americans age 25 and older have
osteoarthritis
46 million U.S. adults report doctor-diagnosed
arthritis
As the U.S. population ages, these numbers are likely
to increase dramatically.
The number of people who have doctor-diagnosed
arthritis is projected to increase to 67 million
in 2030.
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Knee Pain: Osteoarthritis
Inflammation
Avoidance
of
Motion
Loss of
Motion
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Increased
Muscle
Tightness
Knee Pain: Osteoarthritis
Healthy Knee
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© 2009 Getty Images
© 2009 Getty Images
Cartilage
Osteoarthritic
Knee
Osteoarthritis Causes
Primary Osteoarthritis: Most Common
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Thought to be result of aging
Decreased ability of cartilage to repair itself
Ligaments supporting joints
weaken
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Osteoarthritis Causes
Secondary Osteoarthritis
 Obesity
 Trauma
 Surgery
 Abnormal joints
 Gout
 Diabetes
 Hormone disorders
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Treatment
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Treatment
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Drug therapy
Intra-articular treatment
Surgery
Experimental/alternative treatments
Health and behavior modifications
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Treatment: Medication
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NSAIDs are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs
 Aspirin
 Ibuprofen
 Naproxen
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Vitamins & Nutritional Supplements
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Treatment: Surgery
Why?
 Alternatives
 Benefits and for how long?
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Treatment: Surgery
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Duration of recovery?
Assistance at home? How long?
Disability after surgery?
Physical therapy?
Return to normal activity?
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Treatment: Surgery
Arthroscopy
 Surgical abrasion of
cartilage
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Treatment: Surgery
Pre-Osteotomy
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Post-Osteotomy
Surgery: Total Joint Replacement
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Preventing Sports Injuries
Know and abide by
rules
 Wear appropriate
protective gear
 Know how to use
equipment
 Never “play through
pain”
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Prevention: Exercise
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Prevention: Exercise
Strengthening exercises
can help
 Correct positioning is
critical
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Prevention: Exercise
Strengthening exercises
can help
 Correct positioning is
critical
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40
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Prevention: Warm Up
Warm- up:
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Marching
Walk in place
Jumping jacks
Mimic the sport you
are about to do
Prevention: Stretching
Stretching:
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You should NOT feel pain
Hold stretch 30 seconds
Relax into the stretch
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Prevention: Stretching
Breathe deeply &
slowly
Avoid bouncing
Stretch both right &
left sides
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Prevention: Exercise
DO:
 Include flexibility, strengthening, and aerobic
exercises
 Exercise when you are not tired
 Exercise when pain and stiffness lowest
 Exercise when medication having greatest
effect
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Prevention: Exercise
DO:
 Always warm-up and cool down
 Start slowly, progress gradually
 Avoid becoming chilled or
overheated when exercising
 Use heat, cold, & other pain
reducers
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Prevention: Exercise
DO:
 Use aids like walking sticks, braces, or
canes if recommended
 Expect minor discomfort
 Use two-hour rule: No more pain two
hours after exercising than before you
started
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Prevention: Exercise
Talk to your physician
first
 Consider athletic
trainer or physical
therapist
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Prevention: Exercise
DON’T:
 Do too much too soon
 Hold your breath while exercising
 Take extra medication before unless your
physician suggests it
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Too Much Exercise
Consult your physician if these symptoms are
present:
 Unusual or persistent fatigue
 Increased weakness
 Decreased range of motion
 Increased joint swelling
 Continued pain 1 hour after exercising
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Resources
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
6300 North River Road
Rosemont, IL 60018
orthoinfo.org
saveyourknees.org
arthritis.org
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Save Your Knees
What are your questions and concerns?
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Save Your Knees
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Thank you for participating today
Remember, your orthopaedic surgeon can help
get you back in the game
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