Transcript Document

OSTEOARTHRITIS AND YOU
I.M. Doctor, M.D.
My Office
My City, State
The information in this presentation was provided to
the presenter by the American Academy of
Orthopaedic Surgeons and may be modified.
Endorsement of this presentation by the AAOS is not
implied or inferred.
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Osteoarthritis and You
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Orthopaedics and the Bone and Joint Decade
Osteoarthritis
What is an orthopaedic surgeon?
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MD who specializes in treatment and
health maintenance of musculoskeletal
system (bones, joints, ligaments, muscles,
tendons, cartilage and spine)
What is an orthopaedic surgeon?
The expert in treating the musculoskeletal
system
 The expert in maintaining musculoskeletal
health
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Educating an Orthopaedic Surgeon
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College
Medical School
Internship
Orthopaedic Residency
Fellowship (optional)
2 Years Practice
TOTAL
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1
4
(1)
2
16 years!
What do orthopaedic surgeons do?
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Diagnose
Treat
 Medication
 Physical
 Exercise
 Brace
 Surgery
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Prevent
Therapy
Osteoarthritis
Your Orthopaedic Surgeon
Getting You Back In The Game
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Osteoarthritis
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Nearly 27 million Americans age 25 and older
have osteoarthritis
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46 million U.S. adults report doctor-diagnosed
arthritis
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As the U.S. population ages, these numbers are
likely to increase dramatically.
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People who have doctor-diagnosed arthritis is
projected to increase to 67 million in 2030.
Synovial Joints
Bone
Joint space
filled with
synovial fluid
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Fibrous capsule
Synovial
membrane
Articular
cartilage
Osteoarthritis
Spine
Hips
Hands
Fingers
Knees
Feet
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Osteoarthritis (Inflammation of Joints)
Pain
Loss of
Motion
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Avoidance
of
Motion
Increased
Muscle
Tightness
Osteoarthritis
Cartilage
Healthy Knee
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Osteoarthritic
Knee
Who is affected by osteoarthritis?
Gender:
Before age 45, osteoarthritis occurs more
frequently in males.
 After age 45, it occurs more frequently in
females
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Burden of Disease
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11 million visits to physicians offices
815,000 hospitalizations
Symptoms
Pain in affected joints
 Pain worse with
prolonged overuse
 Pain better with rest
and exercise
 Stiffness relieved by
flexing
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Diagnosis
Physical exam
 X-rays
 Blood test to rule out
other diseases
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Diagnosis
Healthy knee
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Osteoarthritic knee
Diagnosis
Before your appointment:
 Prepare to describe your symptoms
 Gather medical history
 Make list of medications
 Write down questions and concerns
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Diagnosis
During Your Appointment
1.
2.
3.
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What should I expect from my treatment?
What effect will my treatment have on my
daily activities?
What can I do to prevent further
disability?
Diagnosis
Location, duration, &
character of symptoms
 Appearance of joints
 Results of clinical diagnosis
tools
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Causes
Primary Osteoarthritis: Most Common
Thought to be result of aging
 Decreased ability of cartilage to repair itself
 Ligaments and muscles supporting joints
weaken
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Causes
Secondary Osteoarthritis
 Obesity
 Trauma
 Surgery
 Abnormal joints
 Gout
 Diabetes
 Hormone disorders
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Treatment
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Treatment
Health and behavior modifications
 Drug therapy
 Intra-articular treatment
 Surgery
 Experimental/alternative treatments
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Medication: NSAIDs
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NSAIDs are nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
 Aspirin
 Ibuprofen
 Naproxen
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Vitamins &
Nutritional Supplements
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Vitamins & Nutritional Supplements
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Glucosamine
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Chondroitin Sulfate
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Some positive results
 Mild
 If
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to moderate pain relief
benefits not seen within 8 weeks, not likely
Proceed with caution
Alternative Medicine
Complementary Approaches
May:
Ease symptoms
Improve outlook and attitude
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Alternative Medicine
Complementary Approaches Will Not:
Cure acute illness
Replace proven medical treatments for
osteoarthritis
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Exercise
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Exercise
Strengthening exercises
can help
 Correct positioning is
critical
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Exercise Dos
Include flexibility, strengthening, and
aerobic exercises
 Exercise when pain and stiffness lowest
 Exercise when you are not tired
 Exercise when medication having greatest
effect
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Exercise Dos
Always warm-up and cool down
 Start slowly, progress gradually
 Avoid becoming chilled or
overheated when exercising
 Use heat, cold, & other pain reducers
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Exercise Dos
Use aids like walking sticks or canes
if needed
 Expect minor discomfort
 Use two-hour rule: No more pain two
hours after exercising than before
you started
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Exercise Dos
Talk to your doctor first
 Consider athletic trainer
or physical therapist
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Exercise Don’ts
Do too much too soon
 Hold your breath while exercising
 Take extra medication before unless
your orthopaedic surgeon suggests
it
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Heat & Ice
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Moist Heat
 Towels,
hot packs, bath, or shower
 15-20 minutes
 3 times each day
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Heat & Ice
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Cold Therapy
 Ice
packs
 10-15 minutes at a time
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Too Much Exercise
Consult your doctor if these symptoms are present:
 Unusual or persistent fatigue
 Increased weakness
 Decreased range of motion
 Increased joint swelling
 Continued pain 1 hour after exercising
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Asking Questions About Surgery
Why?
 Alternatives
 Benefits and for how long?
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Asking Questions About Surgery
Duration of recovery?
 Assistance at home? How long?
 Disability after surgery?
 Physical therapy?
 Return to normal activity?
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Surgery
Arthroscopy
 Surgical abrasion of
cartilage
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Surgery
Pre-Osteotomy
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Post-Osteotomy
Surgery: Total Joint Replacement
Knee
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Hip
Getting You Back in The Game
Name: Karen Skinner
Age: 51
Condition: Torn Meniscus and
Osteoarthritis of Knee
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Emerging Knowledge and Future Research
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AAOS Research Agenda
Developed a summary of common OA
research questions
 Moving beyond drug testing and surgical
outcomes
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AAOS Research Agenda
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
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Inflammatory response & OA disease
Important risk factors
Genes that trigger OA
Impact of improved implant design
Biological & mechanical factors that
influence OA
OA Knee Research Agenda
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
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Cartilage cell transplantation & other soft
tissue grafts
Impact of standardized criteria for diagnosis
Exploration of factors that account for high
incidence rates
Societal impact of OA
Activity and exercise levels and OA
Osteoarthritis
If you are experiencing chronic or
recurring pain, stiffness, or swelling
around a joint, consult your
physician
 Your orthopaedic surgeon can
determine what type of arthritis
you have and make treatment
recommendations
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Resources
www.nih.gov/niams/
www.aboutarthritis.com
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Osteoarthritis and You
What are your questions and concerns?
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Osteoarthritis and You
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Thank you for participating today
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Remember, your orthopaedic surgeon
can help get you back in the game
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