Transcript The 21st Century’s Water/Energy Challenge

The 21st Century’s
Water/Energy Challenge
LB Conference
Presented by Debbie Cook
October 5, 2006
10% of California’s electricity
production consumed in moving water.
If Ocean Desalination were a car it
would be called a Hummer.
5476
3567
3200
2500
2000
1500
950
400
Recycling
KWh per
Acre Foot
Groundwater GWRS
Pumping
Colorado West BranchEast Branch
River
State Water State Water
Aqueduct
Project
Project
Tampa
Desal
Project
Poseidon’s
Ocean
Desal
Fossil fuels are an energy treasure.
=
OR
(36 kWh)
x 500
hours
x 2 days
ISO Peak Demand*
50000
45000
40000
MW
35000
30000
25000
July 1 Š Sept 15
20000
January
*2004 data
December
The CEC has taken notice of water as an
energy hog.
“There is no electricity
crisis in California the
Water Agencies Can’t
Solve - Or Make Worse”
California Energy Commission:
www.energy.ca.gov
California Energy
Commission says:
“The 2005 Energy
Report assessment of
electricity supply and
demand concludes
that maintaining
adequate electricity
reserves will be
difficult over the
next few years.”
7
NG has fundamentally been a
local energy resource.
Natural Gas production in
North America is in decline.
The LNG outlook is uncertain.
From a presentation to DOE March 27, 2006 by James Jensen
World natural gas reserves are a theoretical US
energy source.
•Russia: Sahkalin II project
•Alaska: Pipeline feasibility
•Qatar Moratorium
•Iran: “no surplus”
•Indonesia in decline
•Mexico in decline
•Canada in decline
•US in decline
•Asia getting desperate
Compare it to OC GWRS
GWRS
Poseidon
Energy
Consumption
1500 kWh/AF
5476 kWh/AF
Total Disolved
Solids
1000 ppm
34,000 ppm
Energy Cost
$202/AF
$739/AF
Public Subsidy
$121/AF
$250/AF
Capacity
70 mgd
50 mgd
Congressional Budget Office criticizes Subsidies.
• “Subsidies for new
desalination facilities
would most likely not
improve the overall
economic efficiency of
water supply and use
because such subsidies
would compound the
distortion of price signals.”
21
May, 2005
We can learn a lot from
Tampa’s Experiment!
• Energy costs are 4.5¢/KWh
• Initial projections were
$652/AF ($2/Kgal)
• Updated projections from
2005: $815/AF ($2.5/Kgal)
• Still not producing as
promised
22
Saudi Arabia is a better
source for cost projections
• 30 desalination facilities (using
a thermal process)
• Cost $20 billion to build
(including $4 billion for O&M)
• Cost: $1.10/cubic meter or
$1356/AF* (based on Saudi gas
prices in 2002 of 75¢/Mcf)
23
*Oil & Gas Journal, July 29, 2002
It took two years to fill with water.
Need 27 per
year to keep
coastal
generators
cool.
Diamond Valley Lake: 260 billion gallons.
Two billion people rely on fish for their
animal protein.
Conservation is good for
America!
Who are you waiting for?
We as individual citizens must embrace
the culture of conservation so that we
change the balance...I am suggesting a
National effort in the way we behave
and use energy, including autos,
homes, work...
John Hofmeister, Shell Oil
For additional resources go to:
http://web.mac.com/energyinfo