Transcript Injury in Hawaii

Hawaii Strategic Highway Safety Plan:
AGGRESSIVE DRIVING
Dan Galanis
Injury Prevention and Control Program
Hawaii Department of Health
1250 Punchbowl St., Room 214
Honolulu, HI 96813
Ph: 586-5943
E-mail: [email protected]
1
Overview of presentation
• Fatal traffic crashes (FARS data)
– Definitions
– Overall prevalence
• Trends, county comparisons
– Other factors
• Time, day of week, driver age
• Driver profiles
• Non-fatal traffic crashes (MVAR/DOT crash data)
– Definitions
– Overall prevalence
• Trends, county comparisons
– Other factors
• Driver profiles
2
Fatal crashes
• Fatal crash/FARS data
– Traffic only, i.e. crashes on public roads
• Excludes crashes in parking lots, driveways, military facilities, gated subdivisions, etc.
– Unintentional in nature
• Excludes suicides (1 crash), deaths of undetermined intent (7 crashes, 1%
of total)
– Excludes 37 crashes (6%) that did not involve a Hawaii resident
fatality
• Definitions: Aggressive driving: 44% of crashes (250 of 574)
– Speeding (“driving too fast for conditions or in excess of posted
maximum”): 237 crashes
• Most common criterion : includes 95% of the crashes that were defined as
“aggressive”
–
–
–
–
Racing: 6 crashes
Following improperly, or improper/erratic lane changing: 5 crashes
Passing violations: 16 crashes
3
Reckless/erratic driving: 4 crashes
Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005:
Proportion related to aggressive driving, by type of crash
324
aggressive driving
300
not related
250
200
180
126
123
100
50
14
56
19
6
0
Pedestrian
Bicyclist
Motorcyclist
Occupant
total
10% overall
24%
47%
59%
44%
4
Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005:
Trends in the proportion related to aggressive driving
5
*indicates statistically significant trend
Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005:
Crashes related to aggressive driving by time of day and day of week
6
Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005:
Prevalence of aggressive drivers, by age group
80%
65
60%
56
% aggressive drivers
53
40%
35
41
24
20%
15-17y
200
18-20y
21-24y
25-29y
30-34y
35-39y
20
40-49y
13
14
50-64y
65+y
180.3
rate of aggressive drivers
141.1
150
(/100,000 licensed drivers)
93.5
100
43.7
50
40.9
24.2
15.3
9.4
8.2
7
15-17y
18-20y
21-24y
25-29y
30-34y
35-39y
40-49y
50-64y
65+y
Aggressive driving in Hawaii, 2001-2005
• Total impact
– 57 residents killed by in traffic crashes related to aggressive
driving each year
• Crashes involving aggressive drivers are the 4th
leading cause of death for 16 to 40 year-old residents
– 11.5% of the total of 1,719
– Cancer is 1st (14%), suicide 2nd (13%), heart disease 3rd (12%)
• Crashes involving aggressive drivers are the 4th
leading cause of fatal injuries for all ages
– 10% of the total of 2,915
8
Characteristics of drivers involved in fatal crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005
Aggressive drivers
No aggressive driving
Age
average
30.3 years*
41.9 years
59%*
228%
Gender (% male)
89%*
74%
Restraint use (% without seat belts)
48%*
16%
No helmet (motorcycle/moped)
53%*
77%
Licensing problem (none, expired, etc.)
14%*
8%
Alcohol use
48%*
18%
Drug positive
23%*
14%
Impaired driver
61%*
26%
Fatality rate
64%*
33%
Weekend crash (Saturday-Sunday)
40%*
30%
Nighttime crash (8 pm - 4 am)
60%*
41%
ages 15 to 29 years
9
*indicates statistically significant difference between aggressive drivers and other drivers
Non-fatal crashes
• Motor vehicle accident report (MVAR)
– Criteria
• Any crash resulting in injury, or >$3000 cumulative property damage
– Traffic only, i.e. crashes on public roads
• Excludes crashes in parking lots, driveways, military facilities, gated subdivisions, etc.
– Includes residents and non-residents, intentional and unintentional
• Definitions: Aggressive driving
– Value for in “Other factors” field:
• “excessive speed”: 65% of aggressive drivers
• “followed too close”: 31%
• “improper overtaking”: 4%
– Search of “Citation” field for “291C-101/102/103/104/105”, “speed”,
“reckless”, “291-2”, “291C-42/43/45/50”
• Only 0.6% of aggressive drivers (53 citations)
10
Non-fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005:
Proportion related to aggressive driving, by type
20
aggressive driving (total)
17.5%
17.0%
16.9%
16.9%
17.0%
16.5%
15
% speeding
12
10.7
11.9
11.1
11.5
11.5
10
6.2
% improper passing
5.2
5
4.8
4.3
4.3
4.2
% tailgating
0
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.7
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
0.7
total 11
Non-fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005:
Trends in the proportion related to aggressive driving, by county
25
22
21 21 21
20
18
17
17
17
18
18
18
16
15 16
15
18 18
15
17 17 1
16
15 14 14 14
10
5
0
’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ‘05
’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ‘05
Hawaii*
Honolulu*
Kauai
Maui*
20% overall
15%
16%
18%
*denotes statistically significant trend over 5-year period
’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ‘05
’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ‘05
’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ‘05
state
16% 12
Non-fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005:
Prevalence of aggressive driving, by age group of drivers
20
19%
18%
15
aggressive driving (total)
15%
15
14
12%
11
10
9%
% speeding
8%
8
7%
6%
% improper passing
5
4
5
5%
4
4
4
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
3
2
15-17y
18-20y
21-24y
25-29y
30-34y
35-39y
40-49y
50-64y
13
65+y
Characteristics of drivers involved in non-fatal crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005
Aggressive drivers
Other drivers
31.9 years*
39.0 years
36%*
19%
Gender (% male)
74%*
63%
Restraint use (% without seat belts)
6%*
3%
No helmet (motorcycle/moped)
61%*
71%
Alcohol use
10%*
3%
Drug positive
0.3%*
0.1%
Impaired driver
10%*
3%
Injured/possibly injured
36%*
31%
Weekend crash (Saturday-Sunday)
31%*
27%
Nighttime crash (8 pm - 5 am)
36%*
23%
Age
average
ages 15 to 22 years
14
*indicates statistically significant difference between aggressive drivers and other drivers
Data summary for aggressive driving
How much?
*44% fatal crashes related to aggressive driving
*17% of non-fatal crashes related to aggressive driving
Who? *Younger drivers (15-17 years, 18-20 years, etc.)
*More likely among male drivers
Where? *Generally comparable across counties for fatal
crashes, but more prevalent for Neighbor Islands
for non-fatal crashes
*Increasing trend for fatal crashes for state
When? *Nighttime crashes (8pm-5am): 53%
*Weekend crashes (Sat/Sun): 52%
15