Transcript 1.characteristic of constitution

1.characteristic of constitution
on the content
, stipulating the
basic principles of
one country's
social system and
state system
Characteristic
of constitution
compared with
the ordinary law，
stricter on the
procedure of drawing
up and amending
constitution
legal validity，
a foundation of
an ordinary law ，
with supreme
legal validity
2. special procedure of amending
constitution
special procedure
of amending
constitution
proposition
Standing committee
of the National
People’s Congress
pass
more than 1/5 of the
deputies to the National
People’s congress
more than 2/3 of all
representatives of
National People’s Congress
3. " Bill of Rights "of 1689 years of
Britain
“Bill of Rights” of
1689 years of
Britain
the most important
Constitution
document in
Britain’s history
the victory of the
Britain’s bourgeois
revolution
establishment of the
democratic system
of British capitalist
class
4. " Declaration of Independence "
of 1776 years of U.S.A.
first written
constitution
in the world
" Declaration of
Independence "
of U.S.A.
establishment
of bourgeois
democracy
republicanism
establishing
" Separation of the
three powers "
of political system
5." Declaration of Human Rights "
of 1789 years of France
“Declaration of
Human Rights”
of France
the first constitution
of France taking
It as preamble
This written
Constitution was
announced firstly on
continental Europe.
It stipulated
implementing
monarch’s
constitutionalism
In France.
6. first socialist constitution in the
world
• (1) “ Union‘s socialist republic’s
constitution of Russian Soviet ” which Su
Russia announced in 1918.
• (2) It marked the birth of the new socialist
type constitution in the history of mankind.
7. "Interim provisional constitution
of the Republic of China " of 1912
“Interim provisional
constitution of the
Republic of China”
announced by the
provisional government
of Naming headed
by Sun Yet-Sent
the constitutional
document of capitalist
class, with progressive
meaning in history
the only one of
constitutional government
of our country in
modern history
8." Common program " of 1949 of
our country
“Common program”
Of 1949
needing a fundamental
law urgently at that
time, but made under
the insufficient condition
It was a guiding
principle during
building new China,
with the interim
constitutional function.
The constitution of
1954was a first
socialist-type
constitution of our
country.
9.Current constitution of our
country: constitution of 1982
• (1) It was made up by the preamble , the
general principles, citizen's basic right and
obligation , state institution and national
flag , national emblem , capital four
chapters.
• (2) amending constitution of 1988 , 1993 ,
1999 and 2004
10.National nature of our country
• (1) National nature ，or called regime
nature and " the state system ", refers to
the class nature of the country.
• (2) The state system of our country is a
system of people's democratic dictatorship.
11. System of people's democratic
dictatorship
lead by the
working class
System of people's
Democratic
dictatorship
the
worker-peasant
alliance
democracy linking
Dictatorship
to enemy
12. form of regime in our country
• (1) The form of regime , a basic political
system and called " the form of
• government ", means the ruling class how
to organize the organ of state power and
how to realize it.
• (2) The People's congress system is the
form of regime in our country.
13. Characteristic of the People's
congress system
concrete embodiment
that the people
are the masters
of their own country
Characteristic of the
People's congress
system
reflecting the whole
national life and
the overall picture
of our country
a source of the
state power
of our country
14. Electoral system of our country
Universality: The
Chinese citizens
over 18 years old
all have the right
ensuring the
voter's election
right from the
material and in law
Equal: one vote
in an election
for every voter
Electoral
system
of our country
Representatives are
responsible for the
voter or the former
electoral unit , and
supervised by them.
Direct election
and indirect
election used
simultaneously
secret ballot,
trusting others
to vote in the
specific situation
15. State structure form of our
country
Our country adopts
Single form of
State structure.
It is objectively
determined by the
composition and the
distribution of
nationality.
It is the
inevitable
outcome of national
relation in history.
the requirement for
the various
nationalities’ common
development and
common prosperity
needs of
safeguarding
unification of the
motherland and
national unity
16. System of regional national
autonomy of our country
It is implemented
where the ethnic
minorities live.
The organ of
self-government also
has other kinds
of power besides
autonomy.
They are
inalienable
parts of China.
System of
regional national
autonomy
Various nationalities
should have
representatives
of proper numbers.
The citizen, who
ruled by regional
national autonomy ,
can serve as the
director of organ
of self-government.
The organ of
self-government is
the National People's
Congress and government
in the national
autonomous areas.
17. Economic system of our
country
Foundation: The socialist
ownership of the means
of production, namely
ownership by the whole
people and working
people's collective ownership
Economic
system of
our country
Distribution system: Distributing
according to work is the
main body, with other
kinds of distribution
coexisting.
Basic economic system:
Public ownership is
the main body, with
the common development
of other kinds of ownership.
18.Land ownership of our country
Land of the city:
Belonging to
country
Land
ownership of
our country
The site of a house,
family plot and
the plot of hill for
personal use,
belonging to collective
Land in the countryside
and city suburb:
belonging to collective,
besides belonging to
country according
to the law
19. Characteristic of the fundamental rights and
duties of citizens in our country
• (1)Extent of citizen's right .
• (2)Authenticity of citizen's right .
• (3)Equality of citizen's right and obligation.
• (4) Consistency of citizen's right and obligation.
20.Fundamental right of the citizen of our country
•
•
•
•
•
(1)Political right and freedom.
(2) Freedom of religion.
(3) Freedom of action.
(4)Social economic right.
(5) Right and freedom of having culture and being
educated.
• (6) Women's rights, marriage , family , mother ,
• child are protected by the country.
• (7) Protection of the legitimate rights and interests of
overseas Chinese , returned overseas Chinese and
relatives of nationals living abroad.
21. Basic obligation of the citizen in our country
• (1) Safeguard the unification of the motherland
and unity of national various nationalities.
• (2)Observe the constitution and law, guard the
state secret , respect the social ethics.
• (3)Safeguard motherland security , honor and
interests.
• (4)Safeguard motherland, resist invasion,
serve in the army and participate in militia
according to the law.
• (5)Pay taxes in accordance with the law.
22. Principle of the democratic
centralism
• (1)It is the most important and basic
principle of the activity of government in our
country .
• (2)Concerning: Election ,supervise the
relation, Leadership and relation of leading,
authority relation of central authorities
and local .
23. The National People's
Congress
• (1)It is a supreme state organ of our
country, occupying the supreme status in
country.
• (2)The National People's Congress is
elected for a term of five years.
• (3)People's congress is hold once every
year, convened by the Standing
Committee of the National People's
Congress
24. Main functions and powers of
the National People's Congress
• (1) Right to amend constitution and
supervise the implementation of
constitution
• (2)Right to formulating and revising the
basic law.
• (3) Election , decision and right of recall of
the state leader .
25. The Standing Committee of the National
People's Congress and it’s functions, powers
• (1)Explain the constitution and supervise the
implementation of constitution.
• (2) Make and revise other laws except the law made by
National People's Congress; Explain the law.
• (3) Determine and stipulate the important problem in
national life.
• (4) Authority to supervise.
• (5) Power of appointment and removal.
• (6) Right to honor others.
• (7) Other functions and powers that National People's
Congress conferred.
26.National deputy to the People's Congress.
• (1)Entrusted by people, exercise the envoy of
supreme state power in the name of people.
• (2)Receive the supervision of the former
electoral unit
• (3)The deputy to the National People's Congress
has the right to exercise the right of motions,
inquire right in accordance with the law;
• (4)Not permitted by national people's congress
presidium , not permitting by the Standing
Committee of the National People's Congress
during closing in National People's Congress,
arresting and criminal justice.
27.President of the People's Republic of China
• (1)It is an important component of the
state organ of our country, is a head of
state of our country.
• (2)Elected by National People's Congress,
elected for a term of five years, it can't
exceed two to hold a post in succession.
• (3)Reach the age of 45 have the right to
vote and stand for election , healthy
Chinese citizen serve as.
28.The State Council
• (1)It is the executive organ of the supreme state
organ, it is a supreme administrative organ of
the country.
• (2)The State Council is made up by Premier,
several vice-premiers, several state councillors,
every minister, every committee director, auditorgeneral, general secretary, elected for a term of
five years,
• (3)The Premier , vice-premier , state councillor
can't exceed two holding a post in succession .
29.Grassroots' autonomy organization
• (1)Residents committees , villagers'
committees are mass autonomy
organizations of basic unit of our country, it
is not a first class state power.
30. people's court
• (1)It is a national judicial organ, administer
justice in accordance with the law.
• (2)Jurisdiction can only be exercised in the
name of unification of the motherland by the
people's court, any other government offices ,
public organization and individual all have no
right to exercise .
• (3)The people's court of higher level supervises
the administration of justice of the subordinate
people's court
31. people's procuratorate
• (1)It is a law supervising organ of our country,
exercise national procuratorial work right .
• (2)The tissue system of the people's
procuratorate includes: The Supreme People's
Procuratorate , local people's procuratorates at
all levels and every special people's
procuratorate.
• (3)Besides relation of supervising, the relation
that also have leaders and led among the
people's procuratorates of the superior and the
subordinate