Transcript Section 4.2 – The National Government and the 50 States

PAGES 97-103
CHAPTER 4, SECTION 2 – THE NATIONAL
GOVERNMENT AND THE 50 STATES
POLITICAL CARTOON
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Who is the tall man?
What is in the bag
he is carrying?
What does the short
man represent?
What message does
the cartoon portray?
OBJECTIVES
Describe the relationships that the Constitution
places on the United States to help benefit the
states.
 Analyze a political cartoon that portrays
federalism.
 Assess the process by which new states are
admitted by completing a graphic organizer in
class.
 Compare and contrast the different facets of
“cooperative federalism” via classroom discussion
and lecture.
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WHAT DOES THE CONSTITUTION SAY?
 USA
is a UNION  states came together
 Constitution needs to “preserve that
union”
 Guarantees things for states
 Makes possible certain things the
national government can do for the
states.
1. GUARANTEE TO THE STATES A
REPUBLICAN FORM OF GOVERNMENT
Republican form of government  means
REPRESENTATION
 The States are GUARANTEED representation
and the National government verifies that
States serve their citizens appropriately
 EXAMPLE - Census verifies that 435 House
seats are divided appropriately among 50
states based on population
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1. GUARANTEE TO THE STATES A REPUBLICAN
FORM OF GOVERNMENT
2. NATIONAL GOVERNMENT PROTECTS STATES
AGAINST INVASION AND INTERNAL DISORDER
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The national government has the obligation to
help States with outside threats (such as
another country or terrorist group) and internal
threats (like riots and disasters)
 Pearl Harbor
 September 11, 2001
 1992 LA Riots over Rodney King verdict –
US Marines deployed to bring order after 4
days of violence, looting, property damage
2. NATIONAL GOVERNMENT PROTECTS STATES
AGAINST INVASION AND INTERNAL DISORDER
3. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT RESPECTS THE
TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY OF EACH STATE
Every
state gets reps in DC as
recognition of that states existence
Boarders remain (no taking land and
giving it to another state)
EXAMPLE - PA and Ohio share a
border; US government cannot give
away portion of PA to Ohio
3. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT RESPECTS THE
TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY OF EACH STATE
OBLIGATIONS TO THE STATE IN REAL LIFE:
DISASTERS LIKE HURRICANE KATRINA AND 9-11
 How
does FEMA illustrate the national
government’s obligation to the
states? p. 96
Local
government (police, fire, medic)
responds first, and state resources
(national guard, money) are also used
National Government sends Military,
supplies for clean-up and repair, as well
as money to help people recover
ADMITTING NEW STATES
Distinct process
 Congress has power to admit states
 13 were original, 37 added by this process
 Which states were the most recent – i.e. 1959?
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THE PROCESS IN DETAIL
Territory asks
Congress to get
in; must meet
requirements.
Congress says
OK, passes and
enabling act.
Convention makes
a constitution,
must pass vote in
the “new state.”
President signs
act – HOORAY, A
NEW STATE IS
BORN!
If its OK, then
Congress passes
act of admission.
Congress reviews
candidate state’s
constitution.
CO-OPERATIVE FEDERALISM
Broad area of co-operation
 Think of it as a Venn diagram
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Federal
Government
shared
grants, funds
revenue
state
government
CO-OPERATIVE FEDERALISM
MONEY – National government gives various types
of grant money to the states for a variety of uses
 Other ways:
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FBI helps police
 Army/Air Force and the National Guard
 Census data with local governments
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Some state aid to federal government:
Elections
 FBI with police  “two-way street”
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SECTION REVIEW
Explain the difference between an enabling act
and an act of admission.
 What is "Republican Form of Government"
generally understood to mean?
 What are three obligations the national
government has towards the state government?
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